Desaign of Converter Hijri Calendar to Ad Calendar for Determaning Islamic Great Days Using Matlab

This research is motivated by the importance of knowing an Islamic great day calendar on AD calendar. It was intended to answer the question: How to design converter Hijri calendar to AD calendar for determining Islamic great days using Matlab? The research used ‘design’ method, because it was one of activities to translate the result of analysis to software form and also used to develop an existing application. This application made by a Matlab software. Matlab was a conversion tool to determine Islamic great days. Data of this research was obtained from questionnaire. And all the questionnaire datum was used to design application. The technique of feasibility analysis application was obtained from a validation. It was using black-box method. The result showed that the application was made by three ways: First, making an appearance in GUI Matlab appropriate with interface design application. Second, entering the script in each menu of application. Third, entering JD formula in application that were already functioning. ©2016 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.


Introduction
In this decade, the number theory became a development basis of several branches of mathematics study, such as cryptography (hieroglyph or password), calendar, and computer science [1].This research used number theory concept to determine various dating systems [2,3].The concept used divisibility and congruence.Human needed a date or calendar in life.As the definition of dating was an unit of time measurement used by human to record significant or historical events, even in human life or surrounding environment [4].The unit of time measurement were days, weeks, months, years, and etc.For Moslem, calendar was an important requirement.Therefore, calendar system was also urgently needed, because time can be known currently and simply.Based on questionnaires result, it found that: 1) 100% of math students needed a calendar.65% of them could plan their activities, 6% knew a date, and 5% knew days off, and 55% of them were not able to practice properly.2) Most of math students did not know that mathematical number theory could be applied for calendar calculation.3) From the various software they studied, most of them only used Matlab to create learning media.4) Most of students never used the applications to determine Islamic great days.15% of students used the application to find out the Islamic great days felt difficultly.Because, the apps poorly understood by user who did not understand astronomy science and the apps also was not simple.
In addition, calendar to determine moon seen (ru'yah) and moon calculation (hisab) debate [5], along with knowledge development and technological progress was a variety tools.According both of them or other methods, there were many applications to determine calendar system that had created, such as Accurate Hijri Calculator (application to specify Hijri-AD month and to determine prayer time in several countries), Stellium (application to determine BC year by knowing weather and moon location), and Accurate Time (application to determine new moon position and prayer time.This tools were created to facilitate human in determining a calendar.The calendar was created by a computer.The computer was controlled by set of instructions it was called by program.This research used the application which made by a computer program, known by Matlab [6,7], to load the calendar system.

Analysis of User Needs
Calendar is important especially for math education students and generally for moslem.It also can be called that the calendar calculation is not only needs but also obligation, because by knowing calendar calculation, moslem be able to know: 1) the appointment time of obligatory worship, such as Ramadlan fasting, forbidden fasting time, hajj time, and forbidden war time.2) the appointment time of optional (sunnah) and treatment (mubah) worship, such as recommendation of Muharram fasting at 9 and 10, compensation for orphan, Muhammad prophet birth anniversary or usually called by 'Maulid Nabi', isra' and mi'raj anniversary, and nuzulul qur'an anniversary [8].HasilHari =sprintf('Sabtu'); set (handles.HasilHari, 'string',HasilHari); end

The Results of 'Calendar Converter' Application
The Figure 5 is the final results of 'Calendar Converter' applications.

Testing 'Converter Calendar' Applications
The test results obtained from the two stages, those are 1) Test results conducted by comparing between applications that made to the schedule of Islamic great days and that decided by the Ministry of Religion, namely Muharram, Ramadan, Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha, the results shown in the Table 1, 2) Test result conducted comparison of the predicted 5 years, starting in 1442 H, the results shown in the Table 2.

Conclusion
This application was made by: First, making an appearance in GUI Matlab appropriate with the application interface design.Second, entering the script on each menu of application.Third, entering the JD formula on applications that were already functioning.Then, the application was ready to use by this way: input date, month, and year of Hijri calendar in input menu.And the output result of it was day, date, month, and year of AD calendar.

Figure 4 .
Figure 4. Year of AD Searching Flowchart

Figure 5 .
Figure 5.The Final Results Display of 'Calendar Converter' Applications

Table 1 .
The Test Result Applications o Islamic Great Days and Ministry Religion Schedule since 1427 to 1431 Hijri

Table 2 .
The Test Result Conducted Comparison of the Predicted 5 Years Later

Table 3 .
Black-box Validation Result Application