Early Childhood Care In Sambas Muslim Family: Cultural And Religious Influences

Published: 2021-08-01 This article reports an in-depth study on early childhood care in Sambas Malay Muslim family. This research incorporated a qualitative method with a descriptive approach through observations and interviews with parents and Sambas local figures. The findings indicate the influence of local culture and religious values on Sambas Muslim parenting style. More specifically, this study showed that parenting practices of Muslim Sambas Malay parents are carried out through the tradition of pantang larang and kemponan. Pantang larang and kemponan become parts of collective memory so that they become social educative traditions in early childhood care in the Muslim Sambas Malay family.


Introduction
As homosocial, children need communities for their everyday activities. However, parents often do not engage in children's daily activities. Children receive little attention from parents that is crucial for their emotional needs 1 . Guidance and parenting provided by parents to children should be compassionate and show good relationships in the family environment. In addition, the family environment should avoid actions that could cause the children stressed and intimidated. Parenting will have an impact when the children become adults. Moreover, parenting in the family environment also affects the socio-emotional development of the child. As such, parenting performed by the mother affects the relationship between the __________ 1 Chun Chen, Zhenjie Yuan & Hong Zhu, -Playing, parenting and family leisure in parks: exploring emotional geographies of families in Guangzhou Children's Park, China,‖ Children's Geographies 18, no. 4 (2020): 463-76, https://doi.org/10.1080/14733285.2 019.1676879. parent and the child. Moreover, the care of a father and mother each have the same benefits in aspects of child development. 2 The family environment is where children are raised and have long influences: emotions, brain development, empathy, mental and physical health. The characteristic of the parenting environment is to minimize the climate that will damage the physical and spiritual development of the child.
The family environment must be able to build the child's character from an early age to adulthood. In essence, the family and school environments have an equally important war in building children '

Method
This study focuses on the model of early childhood care in the Malay Muslim family sambas.
This paper incorporates qualitative research with a descriptive approach where the data is obtained from interviews and observations. The interview was conducted with Sambas local figures, Sambas Malay Muslim families, and key experts comprising 11 people as follow: The data collection method also involves direct observations at the research site in rural Sambas Regency, an administrative area in West Kalimantan. the child achieves a goal that is guided both in the interests of parents, children and the world of the hereafter. The purpose of pantang larang is to maximize the purpose of parents in educating children. pantang larang is a positive because abstinence prohibits a rule. Pantang larang is a necessity and the goal is positive. Following the religious background of the parents. Pantang larang is mandatory in both the community and the elderly. For example, early childhood is forbidden to say dirty words, children are instructed to pray. Pantang larang is forbidden to achieve the expected goals, if we look at the interests and benefits must be mandatory in a family. Of course, the application of parenting is inseparable from the religion embraced, namely Islam. Based on the results of the interview If described into a diagram between parenting patterns, culture and Islam as follows:

Result and Discussions
Diagam.1 Patterns of the relationship between parenting, culture, and Islam.
The pattern of relationship between parenting, culture, and Islam as in the diagram and the previous explanation is in line with the parenting carried out by the Sambas Malay Muslim family. For Sambas Malay Muslim families educating children in the tradition of kemponan and pantang larang has become one unity with cultural values that take place in people's lives. Kemponan has become a collective memory so that for parents the tradition of kemponan becomes devolution as a social education media means instilled cultural values. The tradition of kemponan is a form of appreciation for the intention of the host who presents a dish to be tasted by guests at least just touched a little to make the hearts of Early Childhood Care In Sambas Muslim Family....

Conclusion
The upbringing tradition in Sambas Malay Muslim family is part of the internalization of cultural and religious values in the early childhood care. Both cultural and spiritual values have been embedded into daily parenting style in Sambas Muslim Family. The parenting model in the form of pantang larang consists of restrictions and prohibitions influenced by local wisdom. In addition, the parenting model is also carried out in the Sambas Malay Muslim family through kemponan. Kemponan has become a social educative tradition in which cultural values are instilled through appreciation for the host's intention who presents a dish to the guest. This practice was applied in early childhood care where Sambas Malay Muslim parents teach their children gratitude for receiving and giving each other.