Rizki, Restu Budiansyah, Muhammad Fatkhur Rizal, Chusnia Rahmawati, Muhammad Ali Bachrudin, Siti Farhani, and Zahadatul Batul. 2025. “Qalam AI: A Study on the Potential of Automatic Ḥarakat Detection for Arabic Sentence Learning”. Alsina : Journal of Arabic Studies 7 (2). https://doi.org/10.21580/alsina.7.2.27500.