/* ==========================================================================
   JIEEd PREMIUM PROFESSIONAL OJS 3 — FINAL RESTRUCTURED CSS
   Journal of Integrated Elementary Education
   Rebuilt from previous JIEEd CSS and aligned with locked visual standards.

   Design goals:
   - Professional international-journal appearance
   - Stable on OJS 3
   - No gold/yellow accent
   - No decorative top blue line
   - Current Issue remains visible
   - Footer remains visible
   - Compact left-aligned tables
   - Responsive and restrained academic styling
   ========================================================================== */

:root {
  --jieed-primary: #2f53a2;
  --jieed-dark: #223c89;
  --jieed-accent: #536cb7;
  --jieed-link: #304db2;
  --jieed-border: #c1d4eb;
  --jieed-table-head: #edf6ff;
  --jieed-table-border: #d3e2f3;
  --jieed-divider: #dfe9f5;
  --jieed-text: #2f3747;
  --jieed-muted: #6f7c92;
  --jieed-soft: #f3fbff;
  --jieed-soft-2: #f7fcff;
  --jieed-white: #ffffff;

  --jieed-shadow-xs: 0 2px 8px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.04);
  --jieed-shadow-sm: 0 4px 14px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.06);
  --jieed-shadow-md: 0 10px 28px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.08);

  --jieed-radius-sm: 6px;
  --jieed-radius-md: 10px;
  --jieed-radius-lg: 14px;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   1. RESET / GLOBAL BASE
   ========================================================================== */

html,
body {
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  background: var(--jieed-white) !important;
}

body {
  color: var(--jieed-text) !important;
  font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;
  font-size: 13px !important;
  line-height: 1.62 !important;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
}

*,
*::before,
*::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

body,
button,
input,
select,
textarea {
  font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;
}

img {
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}

a {
  color: var(--jieed-link);
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 2px;
}

a:hover,
a:focus {
  color: var(--jieed-dark);
}

/* ==========================================================================
   2. OJS PAGE STRUCTURE
   ========================================================================== */

.pkp_structure_page {
  width: 100% !important;
  max-width: none !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  background: var(--jieed-white) !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
}

.pkp_structure_content {
  width: min(1440px, calc(100% - 48px)) !important;
  max-width: 1440px !important;
  margin: 0 auto !important;
  padding-top: 24px !important;
  padding-bottom: 34px !important;
}

.pkp_structure_main {
  width: 100% !important;
  max-width: none !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding-top: 0 !important;
  padding-bottom: 0 !important;
  background: transparent !important;
  border-radius: 0 !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
}

.pkp_structure_main::before,
.pkp_structure_main::after {
  display: none !important;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   3. HEADER / BRANDING
   ========================================================================== */

.pkp_structure_head {
  background: var(--jieed-white) !important;
  border: 0 !important;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 18px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.07) !important;
}

.pkp_head_wrapper {
  width: min(1440px, calc(100% - 48px)) !important;
  max-width: 1440px !important;
  min-height: 32px !important;
  height: auto !important;
  margin: 0 auto !important;
  padding: 7px 0 6px !important;
  background: var(--jieed-white) !important;
  color: var(--jieed-text) !important;
}

.pkp_site_name {
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
}

.pkp_site_name .is_img {
  display: block !important;
  line-height: 0 !important;
}

.pkp_site_name .is_img img {
  display: block !important;
  width: auto !important;
  max-width: min(100%, 720px) !important;
  max-height: 64px !important;
  margin: 0 auto !important;
  object-fit: contain !important;
}

.pkp_site_name .is_text {
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  font-size: 28px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.25 !important;
  letter-spacing: -0.015em !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   4. PRIMARY NAVIGATION
   ========================================================================== */

.pkp_navigation_primary_wrapper {
  margin-top: 12px !important;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--jieed-divider) !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_primary_row {
  background: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_primary {
  width: min(1440px, calc(100% - 48px)) !important;
  max-width: 1440px !important;
  margin: 0 auto !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_primary > li {
  margin: 0 !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_primary > li > a {
  display: flex !important;
  align-items: center !important;
  min-height: 46px !important;
  padding: 0 12px !important;
  border: 0 !important;
  border-radius: 0 !important;
  background: transparent !important;
  color: #ffffff !important;
  font-size: 12px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.3 !important;
  letter-spacing: .01em !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
  text-transform: none !important;
  transition: background-color .18s ease !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_primary > li > a:hover,
.pkp_navigation_primary > li > a:focus,
.pkp_navigation_primary > li.current > a,
.pkp_navigation_primary > li.active > a {
  background: var(--jieed-dark) !important;
  color: #ffffff !important;
}

/* Dropdown */
.pkp_navigation_primary .dropdown-menu,
.pkp_nav_list ul {
  min-width: 230px !important;
  padding: 7px !important;
  border: 1px solid var(--jieed-table-border) !important;
  border-radius: var(--jieed-radius-md) !important;
  background: #ffffff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 12px 28px rgba(34, 60, 137, 0.13) !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_primary .dropdown-menu a,
.pkp_nav_list ul a {
  display: block !important;
  padding: 8px 10px !important;
  border-radius: var(--jieed-radius-sm) !important;
  background: transparent !important;
  color: var(--jieed-text) !important;
  font-size: 12.5px !important;
  font-weight: 600 !important;
  line-height: 1.45 !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_primary .dropdown-menu a:hover,
.pkp_navigation_primary .dropdown-menu a:focus,
.pkp_nav_list ul a:hover,
.pkp_nav_list ul a:focus {
  background: var(--jieed-soft) !important;
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
}

/* User navigation */
.pkp_navigation_user {
  font-size: 12.5px !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_user > li > a {
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   5. TYPOGRAPHY / HEADINGS
   ========================================================================== */

.pkp_structure_main h1,
.pkp_structure_main h2,
.pkp_structure_main h3,
.pkp_structure_main h4,
.pkp_structure_main h5,
.pkp_structure_main h6 {
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;
  font-style: normal !important;
  text-transform: none !important;
  text-shadow: none !important;
}

.pkp_structure_main h1 {
  margin-top: 0 !important;
  margin-bottom: 16px !important;
  font-size: clamp(25px, 2.7vw, 32px) !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.25 !important;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em !important;
}

.pkp_structure_main h2 {
  margin-top: 20px !important;
  margin-bottom: 14px !important;
  padding-bottom: 9px !important;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--jieed-divider) !important;
  font-size: 20px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.35 !important;
}

.pkp_structure_main h3 {
  margin-top: 24px !important;
  margin-bottom: 10px !important;
  font-size: 16.5px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.4 !important;
}

.pkp_structure_main p,
.pkp_structure_main li {
  color: var(--jieed-text);
  font-size: 15px;
  line-height: 1.72;
}

.pkp_structure_main strong,
.pkp_structure_main b {
  font-weight: 700;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   6. HOMEPAGE INTRO / DESCRIPTION
   ========================================================================== */

.page_index_journal .homepage_image {
  margin: 0 0 24px !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  border: 0 !important;
  background: #ffffff !important;
}

.page_index_journal .homepage_image img {
  width: 100% !important;
  border-radius: var(--jieed-radius-lg) !important;
  box-shadow: var(--jieed-shadow-md) !important;
}

.page_index_journal .journal-description,
.page_index_journal .additional_content,
.page_index_journal .description {
  margin-bottom: 20px !important;
  padding: 14px 16px !important;
  border: 1px solid var(--jieed-table-border) !important;
  border-radius: var(--jieed-radius-lg) !important;
  background: var(--jieed-soft-2) !important;
  box-shadow: var(--jieed-shadow-sm) !important;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   7. ANNOUNCEMENTS
   ========================================================================== */

.cmp_announcements {
  margin: 18px 0 22px !important;
}

.cmp_announcements > h2,
.page_index_journal .cmp_announcements > h2 {
  margin: 0 0 12px !important;
  padding: 0 0 10px !important;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--jieed-divider) !important;
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  font-size: 15.5px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
}

.cmp_announcements ul,
.cmp_announcements .announcements {
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  list-style: none !important;
}

.obj_announcement_summary {
  position: relative !important;
  margin: 0 0 10px !important;
  padding: 14px 16px !important;
  border: 1px solid #e2e9f3 !important;
  border-radius: 9px !important;
  background: #ffffff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.05) !important;
  transition: border-color .18s ease, box-shadow .18s ease, background-color .18s ease !important;
}

.obj_announcement_summary:hover {
  border-color: var(--jieed-border) !important;
  background: #fbfdff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 22px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.08) !important;
}

.obj_announcement_summary .title,
.obj_announcement_summary h3 {
  margin: 0 0 6px !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  font-size: 15.5px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.45 !important;
}

.obj_announcement_summary .title a,
.obj_announcement_summary h3 a {
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
}

.obj_announcement_summary .title a:hover,
.obj_announcement_summary h3 a:hover {
  color: var(--jieed-dark) !important;
}

.obj_announcement_summary .date {
  display: inline-block !important;
  margin: 0 0 6px !important;
  padding: 3px 8px !important;
  border-radius: 999px !important;
  background: var(--jieed-soft) !important;
  color: var(--jieed-accent) !important;
  font-size: 11.5px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.35 !important;
}

.obj_announcement_summary .summary,
.obj_announcement_summary p {
  margin-bottom: 0 !important;
  color: #4d586a !important;
  font-size: 13px !important;
  line-height: 1.65 !important;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   8. CURRENT ISSUE — PREMIUM EDITORIAL PRESENTATION
   ========================================================================== */

.current_issue,
.obj_issue_toc {
  display: block !important;
  margin-top: 24px !important;
}

.current_issue {
  margin-bottom: 26px !important;
}

.current_issue > h2,
.current_issue .current_issue_title,
.obj_issue_toc .heading {
  margin: 0 0 20px !important;
}

.current_issue .current_issue_title,
.obj_issue_toc .heading {
  position: relative !important;
  padding: 15px 17px !important;
  border: 1px solid var(--jieed-table-border) !important;
  border-radius: 10px !important;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #fbfdff 0%, var(--jieed-soft-2) 100%) !important;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.07) !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .heading .title,
.obj_issue_toc .heading h2,
.obj_issue_toc .heading h3,
.current_issue .current_issue_title {
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .heading .title {
  margin-bottom: 7px !important;
  font-size: 22px !important;
  line-height: 1.35 !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .heading .description,
.obj_issue_toc .heading .published,
.obj_issue_toc .heading .date_published,
.current_issue .published {
  color: var(--jieed-muted) !important;
  font-size: 13px !important;
  line-height: 1.6 !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .cover,
.current_issue .cover {
  margin: 0 0 20px !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .cover img,
.current_issue .cover img {
  display: block !important;
  width: auto !important;
  max-width: 175px !important;
  max-height: 240px !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  border: 1px solid #e0e7f0 !important;
  border-radius: 9px !important;
  background: #ffffff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 22px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.10) !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .sections {
  margin-top: 16px !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .section {
  margin: 0 0 22px !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .section > h2,
.obj_issue_toc .section > h3,
.obj_issue_toc .section .section_title {
  margin: 0 0 14px !important;
  padding: 0 0 9px !important;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--jieed-divider) !important;
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  font-size: 19px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.4 !important;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   9. ARTICLE LIST / ARTICLE SUMMARY — STRUCTURED EDITORIAL LAYOUT
   ========================================================================== */

/* Article list becomes one coherent editorial surface */
.obj_issue_toc .articles,
.obj_issue_toc ul.articles,
.page_issue .articles,
.current_issue .articles {
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  border: 1px solid #e1e8f2 !important;
  border-radius: 11px !important;
  background: #ffffff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 5px 18px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.045) !important;
  overflow: hidden !important;
  list-style: none !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .articles > li,
.page_issue .articles > li,
.current_issue .articles > li {
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  border: 0 !important;
  list-style: none !important;
}

.obj_article_summary {
  position: relative !important;
  display: grid !important;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) auto !important;
  column-gap: 18px !important;
  row-gap: 2px !important;
  align-items: start !important;
  width: 100% !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 15px 17px !important;
  border: 0 !important;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #e8edf5 !important;
  border-radius: 0 !important;
  background: #ffffff !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
  transition: background-color .16s ease !important;
}

.obj_article_summary:last-child {
  border-bottom: 0 !important;
}

.obj_article_summary:hover {
  background: #fbfdff !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
  transform: none !important;
}

.obj_article_summary .title {
  grid-column: 1 !important;
  margin: 0 0 5px !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  font-size: 15.5px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.42 !important;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em !important;
}

.obj_article_summary .title a {
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
}

.obj_article_summary .title a:hover,
.obj_article_summary .title a:focus {
  color: var(--jieed-dark) !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
}

.obj_article_summary .authors {
  grid-column: 1 !important;
  margin: 0 0 4px !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  color: #505b6d !important;
  font-size: 12.5px !important;
  font-weight: 400 !important;
  line-height: 1.48 !important;
}

.obj_article_summary .pages,
.obj_article_summary .published,
.obj_article_summary .meta,
.obj_article_summary .doi,
.obj_article_summary .stats {
  grid-column: 1 !important;
  margin: 1px 0 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  color: var(--jieed-muted) !important;
  font-size: 11.8px !important;
  line-height: 1.42 !important;
}

.obj_article_summary .doi a,
.obj_article_summary .meta a {
  color: var(--jieed-link) !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
}

/* Place PDF / galley consistently at the right on desktop */
.obj_article_summary .galleys,
.obj_article_summary .galleys_links {
  grid-column: 2 !important;
  grid-row: 1 / span 8 !important;
  align-self: center !important;
  justify-self: end !important;
  display: flex !important;
  flex-wrap: wrap !important;
  gap: 5px !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
}

.obj_galley_link,
.galleys_links a,
.obj_article_summary .galleys a,
a.obj_galley_link {
  display: inline-flex !important;
  align-items: center !important;
  justify-content: center !important;
  min-width: 46px !important;
  min-height: 28px !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 5px 9px !important;
  border: 1px solid var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  border-radius: 5px !important;
  background: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  color: #ffffff !important;
  font-size: 10.5px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.1 !important;
  letter-spacing: .02em !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
  text-transform: uppercase !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
}

.obj_galley_link:hover,
.obj_galley_link:focus,
.galleys_links a:hover,
.galleys_links a:focus {
  border-color: var(--jieed-dark) !important;
  background: var(--jieed-dark) !important;
  color: #ffffff !important;
}

/* Section heading above an article group */
.obj_issue_toc .section {
  margin: 0 0 22px !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .section > h2,
.obj_issue_toc .section > h3,
.obj_issue_toc .section .section_title {
  margin: 0 0 10px !important;
  padding: 0 0 7px !important;
  border: 0 !important;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--jieed-divider) !important;
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  font-size: 16.5px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.35 !important;
  letter-spacing: -0.008em !important;
}

/* Archive issue summaries: compact, aligned and editorial */
.obj_issue_summary {
  display: grid !important;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) auto !important;
  column-gap: 16px !important;
  align-items: center !important;
  margin: 0 0 10px !important;
  padding: 13px 15px !important;
  border: 1px solid #e2e8f2 !important;
  border-radius: 8px !important;
  background: #ffffff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 3px 10px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.035) !important;
}

.obj_issue_summary .title {
  margin: 0 0 4px !important;
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  font-size: 15px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.4 !important;
}

.obj_issue_summary .description,
.obj_issue_summary .published {
  margin: 0 !important;
  color: var(--jieed-muted) !important;
  font-size: 12px !important;
  line-height: 1.5 !important;
}

/* Mobile article layout */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .obj_article_summary {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr !important;
    padding: 14px 15px !important;
  }

  .obj_article_summary .title,
  .obj_article_summary .authors,
  .obj_article_summary .pages,
  .obj_article_summary .published,
  .obj_article_summary .meta,
  .obj_article_summary .doi,
  .obj_article_summary .stats,
  .obj_article_summary .galleys,
  .obj_article_summary .galleys_links {
    grid-column: 1 !important;
  }

  .obj_article_summary .galleys,
  .obj_article_summary .galleys_links {
    grid-row: auto !important;
    justify-self: start !important;
    margin-top: 7px !important;
  }

  .obj_issue_summary {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr !important;
  }
}

/* ==========================================================================
   10. ARTICLE DETAIL PAGE
   ========================================================================== */

.obj_article_details .page_title,
.page_article .page_title {
  margin-bottom: 14px !important;
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  font-size: clamp(25px, 2.7vw, 34px) !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.3 !important;
  letter-spacing: -0.015em !important;
}

.obj_article_details .authors,
.obj_article_details .author {
  color: #4e596b !important;
}

.obj_article_details .abstract,
.obj_article_details .references,
.obj_article_details .keywords,
.obj_article_details .item {
  margin-top: 24px !important;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   11. BUTTONS
   ========================================================================== */

.pkp_button,
.cmp_button,
.block_make_submission_link,
input[type="submit"],
input[type="button"] {
  min-height: 32px !important;
  padding: 7px 12px !important;
  border: 1px solid var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  border-radius: var(--jieed-radius-sm) !important;
  background: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  color: #ffffff !important;
  font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif !important;
  font-size: 13px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.25 !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
  text-transform: none !important;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.12) !important;
  transition: background-color .18s ease, border-color .18s ease, box-shadow .18s ease !important;
}

.pkp_button:hover,
.pkp_button:focus,
.cmp_button:hover,
.cmp_button:focus,
.block_make_submission_link:hover,
.block_make_submission_link:focus,
input[type="submit"]:hover,
input[type="submit"]:focus,
input[type="button"]:hover,
input[type="button"]:focus {
  border-color: var(--jieed-dark) !important;
  background: var(--jieed-dark) !important;
  color: #ffffff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(34, 60, 137, 0.16) !important;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   12. FORMS
   ========================================================================== */

input[type="text"],
input[type="email"],
input[type="password"],
input[type="search"],
input[type="url"],
input[type="number"],
select,
textarea {
  min-height: 32px !important;
  padding: 7px 10px !important;
  border: 1px solid #cfd8e5 !important;
  border-radius: var(--jieed-radius-sm) !important;
  background: #ffffff !important;
  color: var(--jieed-text) !important;
  font-size: 14px !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
}

textarea {
  min-height: 100px !important;
}

input:focus,
select:focus,
textarea:focus {
  border-color: var(--jieed-accent) !important;
  outline: 0 !important;
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(83, 108, 183, 0.12) !important;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   13. TABLES — COMPACT & LEFT ALIGNED
   ========================================================================== */

.pkp_structure_main table {
  width: auto !important;
  max-width: 100% !important;
  margin: 14px 0 !important;
  border: 1px solid var(--jieed-table-border) !important;
  border-collapse: collapse !important;
  border-spacing: 0 !important;
  table-layout: auto !important;
  background: #ffffff !important;
  color: var(--jieed-text) !important;
  font-size: 14px !important;
}

.pkp_structure_main table th {
  padding: 8px 10px !important;
  border: 1px solid var(--jieed-table-border) !important;
  background: var(--jieed-table-head) !important;
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.45 !important;
  text-align: left !important;
  vertical-align: top !important;
}

.pkp_structure_main table td {
  padding: 7px 10px !important;
  border: 1px solid #e6edf5 !important;
  background: #ffffff !important;
  color: var(--jieed-text) !important;
  line-height: 1.55 !important;
  text-align: left !important;
  vertical-align: top !important;
}

.pkp_structure_main table td:first-child,
.pkp_structure_main table th:first-child {
  white-space: nowrap;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   14. SIDEBAR
   ========================================================================== */

.pkp_structure_sidebar {
  padding-top: 0 !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .block_custom {
  margin: 0 0 12px !important;
  padding: 14px 15px !important;
  border: 1px solid #e2e8f2 !important;
  border-radius: 9px !important;
  background: #ffffff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.05) !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block .title,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block h2,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block h3,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .block_custom h2,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .block_custom h3 {
  margin: 0 0 11px !important;
  padding: 0 0 8px !important;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--jieed-divider) !important;
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  font-size: 14px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.4 !important;
  text-transform: none !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar p {
  color: #536072 !important;
  font-size: 13px !important;
  line-height: 1.6 !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar ul {
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  list-style: none !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar li {
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 5px 0 !important;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #edf1f6 !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar li:last-child {
  border-bottom: 0 !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar a {
  color: #4b5870 !important;
  font-size: 13px !important;
  line-height: 1.5 !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar a:hover,
.pkp_structure_sidebar a:focus {
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   15. BREADCRUMBS / PAGINATION
   ========================================================================== */

.cmp_breadcrumbs,
.breadcrumbs {
  margin-bottom: 16px !important;
  color: var(--jieed-muted) !important;
  font-size: 12.5px !important;
}

.cmp_breadcrumbs a,
.breadcrumbs a {
  color: var(--jieed-link) !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
}

.cmp_pagination,
.pagination {
  margin: 20px 0 !important;
}

.cmp_pagination a,
.pagination a,
.pagination span {
  display: inline-flex !important;
  align-items: center !important;
  justify-content: center !important;
  min-width: 32px !important;
  min-height: 32px !important;
  margin: 2px !important;
  padding: 5px 8px !important;
  border: 1px solid var(--jieed-table-border) !important;
  border-radius: var(--jieed-radius-sm) !important;
  background: #ffffff !important;
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  font-size: 12px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
}

.cmp_pagination a:hover,
.pagination a:hover {
  border-color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  background: var(--jieed-soft) !important;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   16. FOOTER — KEEP VISIBLE
   ========================================================================== */

.pkp_structure_footer_wrapper {
  display: block !important;
  margin-top: 32px !important;
  border: 0 !important;
  background: var(--jieed-dark) !important;
}

.pkp_structure_footer {
  display: block !important;
  width: min(1440px, calc(100% - 48px)) !important;
  max-width: 1440px !important;
  margin: 0 auto !important;
  padding: 26px 0 !important;
  color: rgba(255,255,255,.88) !important;
}

.pkp_structure_footer p,
.pkp_structure_footer li,
.pkp_structure_footer div {
  color: rgba(255,255,255,.88);
}

.pkp_structure_footer a {
  color: #ffffff !important;
  text-decoration-color: rgba(255,255,255,.45) !important;
}

.pkp_structure_footer a:hover,
.pkp_structure_footer a:focus {
  color: #ffffff !important;
  text-decoration-color: #ffffff !important;
}

.pkp_brand_footer {
  display: block !important;
  padding-top: 12px !important;
  opacity: .82;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   17. ACCESSIBILITY
   ========================================================================== */

a:focus-visible,
button:focus-visible,
input:focus-visible,
select:focus-visible,
textarea:focus-visible {
  outline: 3px solid rgba(83,108,183,.30) !important;
  outline-offset: 2px !important;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   18. RESPONSIVE
   ========================================================================== */

@media (max-width: 1100px) {
  .pkp_structure_content,
  .pkp_head_wrapper,
  .pkp_navigation_primary,
  .pkp_structure_footer {
    width: calc(100% - 32px) !important;
  }

  .pkp_navigation_primary > li > a {
    padding-left: 11px !important;
    padding-right: 11px !important;
    font-size: 12.5px !important;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  body {
    font-size: 14px !important;
  }

  .pkp_structure_content,
  .pkp_head_wrapper,
  .pkp_navigation_primary,
  .pkp_structure_footer {
    width: calc(100% - 24px) !important;
  }

  .pkp_structure_content {
    padding-top: 22px !important;
    padding-bottom: 32px !important;
  }

  .pkp_site_name .is_img img {
    max-width: min(100%, 560px) !important;
    max-height: 78px !important;
  }

  .pkp_navigation_primary_row {
    background: #ffffff !important;
  }

  .pkp_navigation_primary > li > a {
    min-height: 44px !important;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e8edf4 !important;
    background: #ffffff !important;
    color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  }

  .pkp_navigation_primary > li > a:hover,
  .pkp_navigation_primary > li > a:focus {
    background: var(--jieed-soft) !important;
    color: var(--jieed-dark) !important;
  }

  .obj_article_summary {
    padding: 17px 16px !important;
  }

  .pkp_structure_main table {
    display: block !important;
    width: 100% !important;
    overflow-x: auto !important;
    -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch !important;
  }

  .pkp_structure_main table td:first-child,
  .pkp_structure_main table th:first-child {
    white-space: normal;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .pkp_structure_content,
  .pkp_head_wrapper,
  .pkp_navigation_primary,
  .pkp_structure_footer {
    width: calc(100% - 20px) !important;
  }

  .pkp_structure_main h1 {
    font-size: 26px !important;
  }

  .pkp_structure_main h2 {
    font-size: 20px !important;
  }

  .obj_article_summary .title {
    font-size: 16px !important;
  }

  .pkp_button,
  .cmp_button,
  .block_make_submission_link {
    width: 100% !important;
    justify-content: center !important;
    text-align: center !important;
  }
}

/* ==========================================================================
   19. LOCKED CUSTOM JIEEd HTML PAGES
   Inline !important styles remain authoritative.
   ========================================================================== */

#jieed-article-template,
#jieed-aims-scope,
#jieed-history {
  max-width: none;
}


/* ==========================================================================
   19. COMPACT LUXURY REFINEMENT
   ========================================================================== */

/* Slightly tighter rhythm across primary content */
.pkp_structure_main > *:first-child {
  margin-top: 0 !important;
}

.pkp_structure_main p {
  margin-top: 0 !important;
  margin-bottom: 11px !important;
}

.pkp_structure_main ul,
.pkp_structure_main ol {
  margin-top: 6px !important;
  margin-bottom: 14px !important;
}

.pkp_structure_main li {
  margin-bottom: 4px !important;
}

/* Refined visual hierarchy */
.current_issue,
.obj_issue_toc,
.cmp_announcements,
.page_index_journal .journal-description,
.page_index_journal .additional_content {
  position: relative !important;
}

.obj_article_summary .title,
.obj_announcement_summary .title,
.obj_issue_summary .title {
  letter-spacing: -0.008em !important;
}

/* Refined sidebar typography */
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .block_custom {
  line-height: 1.55 !important;
}

/* Compact table labels */
.pkp_structure_main table th:first-child,
.pkp_structure_main table td:first-child {
  padding-right: 14px !important;
}

/* Cleaner section spacing */
.obj_issue_toc .section:last-child,
.cmp_announcements .obj_announcement_summary:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0 !important;
}


/* ==========================================================================
   STRUCTURED COMPACT RHYTHM
   ========================================================================== */

.pkp_structure_main {
  line-height: 1.6 !important;
}

.pkp_structure_main p {
  margin-top: 0 !important;
  margin-bottom: 9px !important;
}

.pkp_structure_main h1 {
  margin-bottom: 14px !important;
}

.pkp_structure_main h2 {
  margin-top: 21px !important;
  margin-bottom: 10px !important;
}

.pkp_structure_main h3 {
  margin-top: 17px !important;
  margin-bottom: 7px !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .sections {
  margin-top: 14px !important;
}

.cmp_announcements .obj_announcement_summary:last-child,
.obj_issue_toc .section:last-child,
.obj_issue_toc .articles .obj_article_summary:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0 !important;
}

/* Keep the whole issue/article hierarchy visually aligned */
.current_issue,
.obj_issue_toc,
.cmp_announcements {
  width: 100% !important;
}


/* ==========================================================================
   PREMIUM AUTO-DROPDOWN NAVIGATION
   Submenu opens automatically on hover, keyboard focus, and touch-focus.
   ========================================================================== */

.pkp_navigation_primary > li,
.pkp_nav_list > li {
  position: relative !important;
}

/* Keep submenu rendered but visually hidden for smoother and more stable opening */
.pkp_navigation_primary > li > ul,
.pkp_navigation_primary > li > .dropdown-menu,
.pkp_nav_list > li > ul,
.pkp_nav_list > li > .dropdown-menu {
  display: block !important;
  position: absolute !important;
  top: 100% !important;
  left: 0 !important;
  z-index: 9999 !important;
  min-width: 215px !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 6px !important;
  border: 1px solid var(--jieed-table-border) !important;
  border-radius: 8px !important;
  background: #ffffff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 12px 28px rgba(34, 60, 137, 0.13) !important;

  opacity: 0 !important;
  visibility: hidden !important;
  pointer-events: none !important;
  transform: translateY(5px) !important;
  transition:
    opacity .14s ease,
    visibility .14s ease,
    transform .14s ease !important;
}

/* Automatic submenu opening */
.pkp_navigation_primary > li:hover > ul,
.pkp_navigation_primary > li:hover > .dropdown-menu,
.pkp_navigation_primary > li:focus-within > ul,
.pkp_navigation_primary > li:focus-within > .dropdown-menu,
.pkp_nav_list > li:hover > ul,
.pkp_nav_list > li:hover > .dropdown-menu,
.pkp_nav_list > li:focus-within > ul,
.pkp_nav_list > li:focus-within > .dropdown-menu {
  opacity: 1 !important;
  visibility: visible !important;
  pointer-events: auto !important;
  transform: translateY(0) !important;
}

/* Nested submenu support */
.pkp_navigation_primary li ul li,
.pkp_nav_list li ul li {
  position: relative !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_primary li ul li > ul,
.pkp_nav_list li ul li > ul {
  display: block !important;
  position: absolute !important;
  top: -6px !important;
  left: calc(100% + 4px) !important;
  z-index: 10000 !important;
  min-width: 210px !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 6px !important;
  border: 1px solid var(--jieed-table-border) !important;
  border-radius: 8px !important;
  background: #ffffff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 12px 28px rgba(34, 60, 137, 0.13) !important;
  opacity: 0 !important;
  visibility: hidden !important;
  pointer-events: none !important;
  transform: translateX(5px) !important;
  transition:
    opacity .14s ease,
    visibility .14s ease,
    transform .14s ease !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_primary li ul li:hover > ul,
.pkp_navigation_primary li ul li:focus-within > ul,
.pkp_nav_list li ul li:hover > ul,
.pkp_nav_list li ul li:focus-within > ul {
  opacity: 1 !important;
  visibility: visible !important;
  pointer-events: auto !important;
  transform: translateX(0) !important;
}

/* Compact premium submenu items */
.pkp_navigation_primary li ul a,
.pkp_nav_list li ul a {
  display: block !important;
  min-height: 0 !important;
  padding: 8px 10px !important;
  border-radius: 5px !important;
  background: transparent !important;
  color: var(--jieed-text) !important;
  font-size: 12px !important;
  font-weight: 600 !important;
  line-height: 1.4 !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
  white-space: nowrap !important;
}

.pkp_navigation_primary li ul a:hover,
.pkp_navigation_primary li ul a:focus,
.pkp_nav_list li ul a:hover,
.pkp_nav_list li ul a:focus {
  background: var(--jieed-soft) !important;
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
}


/* ==========================================================================
   CURRENT ISSUE — ULTRA COMPACT PREMIUM
   ========================================================================== */

.current_issue,
.obj_issue_toc {
  margin-top: 18px !important;
}

.current_issue {
  margin-bottom: 20px !important;
}

/* Compact editorial header */
.current_issue .current_issue_title,
.obj_issue_toc .heading {
  margin: 0 0 12px !important;
  padding: 12px 14px !important;
  border: 1px solid #dfe7f1 !important;
  border-radius: 8px !important;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ffffff 0%, #f7fbff 100%) !important;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.045) !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .heading .title,
.current_issue .current_issue_title {
  margin: 0 0 4px !important;
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  font-size: 18px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.3 !important;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .heading .description,
.obj_issue_toc .heading .published,
.obj_issue_toc .heading .date_published,
.current_issue .published {
  margin: 0 !important;
  color: var(--jieed-muted) !important;
  font-size: 11.8px !important;
  line-height: 1.45 !important;
}

/* Smaller and more proportional issue cover */
.obj_issue_toc .cover,
.current_issue .cover {
  margin: 0 0 12px !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .cover img,
.current_issue .cover img {
  display: block !important;
  width: auto !important;
  max-width: 145px !important;
  max-height: 205px !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  border: 1px solid #e1e7ef !important;
  border-radius: 7px !important;
  background: #ffffff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 5px 14px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.07) !important;
}

/* Tighter section spacing */
.obj_issue_toc .sections {
  margin-top: 12px !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .section {
  margin: 0 0 16px !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .section > h2,
.obj_issue_toc .section > h3,
.obj_issue_toc .section .section_title {
  margin: 0 0 8px !important;
  padding: 0 0 6px !important;
  border: 0 !important;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--jieed-divider) !important;
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  font-size: 15.5px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.35 !important;
  letter-spacing: -0.008em !important;
}

/* More compact article surface inside current issue */
.obj_issue_toc .articles,
.obj_issue_toc ul.articles,
.current_issue .articles {
  border-radius: 8px !important;
  box-shadow: 0 3px 12px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.035) !important;
}

.current_issue .obj_article_summary,
.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary {
  padding: 12px 14px !important;
  column-gap: 14px !important;
}

.current_issue .obj_article_summary .title,
.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary .title {
  margin-bottom: 4px !important;
  font-size: 14.5px !important;
  line-height: 1.4 !important;
}

.current_issue .obj_article_summary .authors,
.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary .authors {
  margin-bottom: 3px !important;
  font-size: 12px !important;
  line-height: 1.42 !important;
}

.current_issue .obj_article_summary .pages,
.current_issue .obj_article_summary .published,
.current_issue .obj_article_summary .meta,
.current_issue .obj_article_summary .doi,
.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary .pages,
.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary .published,
.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary .meta,
.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary .doi {
  font-size: 11.3px !important;
  line-height: 1.38 !important;
}

/* Smaller galley/PDF control */
.current_issue .obj_galley_link,
.obj_issue_toc .obj_galley_link {
  min-width: 43px !important;
  min-height: 26px !important;
  padding: 4px 8px !important;
  font-size: 10px !important;
  border-radius: 5px !important;
}


/* ==========================================================================
   MOBILE NAVIGATION SAFETY
   On small screens submenu stays in normal flow when opened/focused.
   ========================================================================== */

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .pkp_navigation_primary > li,
  .pkp_nav_list > li {
    width: 100% !important;
  }

  .pkp_navigation_primary > li > ul,
  .pkp_navigation_primary > li > .dropdown-menu,
  .pkp_nav_list > li > ul,
  .pkp_nav_list > li > .dropdown-menu {
    position: static !important;
    width: 100% !important;
    min-width: 0 !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    padding: 3px 0 5px 12px !important;
    border: 0 !important;
    border-radius: 0 !important;
    background: #f8fbff !important;
    box-shadow: none !important;
    transform: none !important;
  }

  .pkp_navigation_primary li ul a,
  .pkp_nav_list li ul a {
    white-space: normal !important;
    padding: 7px 9px !important;
  }

  .pkp_navigation_primary li ul li > ul,
  .pkp_nav_list li ul li > ul {
    position: static !important;
    width: 100% !important;
    min-width: 0 !important;
    margin-left: 8px !important;
    border: 0 !important;
    box-shadow: none !important;
    transform: none !important;
  }

  .obj_issue_toc .cover img,
  .current_issue .cover img {
    max-width: 120px !important;
    max-height: 170px !important;
  }
}


/* ==========================================================================
   JIEEd — DENSE GALLERY LAYOUT & SPACE OPTIMIZATION
   ========================================================================== */

/* --- Reduce excessive vertical whitespace --- */
.pkp_structure_content {
  padding-top: 18px !important;
  padding-bottom: 24px !important;
}

.pkp_structure_main {
  min-height: 0 !important;
}

.pkp_structure_main > * {
  margin-top: 0;
}

.pkp_structure_main h1 {
  margin-bottom: 14px !important;
}

.pkp_structure_main h2 {
  margin-top: 20px !important;
  margin-bottom: 10px !important;
  padding-bottom: 7px !important;
}

.pkp_structure_main h3 {
  margin-top: 16px !important;
  margin-bottom: 8px !important;
}

.pkp_structure_main p {
  margin-top: 0 !important;
  margin-bottom: 9px !important;
}

.pkp_structure_main ul,
.pkp_structure_main ol {
  margin-top: 4px !important;
  margin-bottom: 10px !important;
}

.page_index_journal .journal-description,
.page_index_journal .additional_content,
.page_index_journal .description {
  margin-bottom: 16px !important;
  padding: 16px 18px !important;
}

.cmp_announcements {
  margin-top: 16px !important;
  margin-bottom: 18px !important;
}

.current_issue,
.obj_issue_toc {
  margin-top: 14px !important;
  margin-bottom: 18px !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .heading,
.current_issue .current_issue_title {
  margin-bottom: 10px !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .sections {
  margin-top: 8px !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .section {
  margin-bottom: 14px !important;
}

/* --- ARTICLE LIST AS PREMIUM GALLERY --- */
.obj_issue_toc .articles,
.obj_issue_toc ul.articles,
.current_issue .articles,
.current_issue ul.articles {
  display: grid !important;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)) !important;
  gap: 10px !important;
  width: 100% !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  border: 0 !important;
  background: transparent !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
  list-style: none !important;
}

/* Article card */
.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary,
.current_issue .obj_article_summary {
  display: flex !important;
  flex-direction: column !important;
  justify-content: flex-start !important;
  height: 100% !important;
  min-height: 0 !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 14px 15px 13px !important;
  border: 1px solid #e1e8f2 !important;
  border-radius: 9px !important;
  background: #ffffff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 3px 10px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.04) !important;
  overflow: hidden !important;
  transition: border-color .16s ease, box-shadow .16s ease, background-color .16s ease !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary:hover,
.current_issue .obj_article_summary:hover {
  border-color: var(--jieed-border) !important;
  background: #fbfdff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 7px 18px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.075) !important;
}

/* Gallery card title */
.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary .title,
.current_issue .obj_article_summary .title {
  margin: 0 0 5px !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  font-size: 14.5px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.38 !important;
  letter-spacing: -0.006em !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary .title a,
.current_issue .obj_article_summary .title a {
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
}

/* Author */
.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary .authors,
.current_issue .obj_article_summary .authors {
  margin: 0 0 4px !important;
  color: #4f5b6d !important;
  font-size: 11.8px !important;
  line-height: 1.42 !important;
}

/* Metadata */
.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary .pages,
.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary .published,
.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary .meta,
.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary .doi,
.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary .stats,
.current_issue .obj_article_summary .pages,
.current_issue .obj_article_summary .published,
.current_issue .obj_article_summary .meta,
.current_issue .obj_article_summary .doi,
.current_issue .obj_article_summary .stats {
  margin-top: 2px !important;
  color: var(--jieed-muted) !important;
  font-size: 11px !important;
  line-height: 1.35 !important;
}

/* Push galley links neatly to card bottom when possible */
.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary .galleys,
.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary .galleys_links,
.current_issue .obj_article_summary .galleys,
.current_issue .obj_article_summary .galleys_links {
  margin-top: auto !important;
  padding-top: 8px !important;
}

/* Smaller premium galley button */
.obj_issue_toc .obj_galley_link,
.current_issue .obj_galley_link,
.obj_issue_toc .galleys a,
.current_issue .galleys a {
  min-height: 27px !important;
  margin: 2px 4px 0 0 !important;
  padding: 4px 8px !important;
  border-radius: 5px !important;
  font-size: 9.8px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.1 !important;
}

/* --- Current issue header even denser --- */
.current_issue .current_issue_title,
.obj_issue_toc .heading {
  padding: 10px 12px !important;
  border-radius: 8px !important;
  box-shadow: 0 3px 10px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.04) !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .heading .title,
.current_issue .current_issue_title {
  font-size: 17px !important;
  line-height: 1.28 !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .cover,
.current_issue .cover {
  margin-bottom: 8px !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .cover img,
.current_issue .cover img {
  max-width: 125px !important;
  max-height: 175px !important;
  border-radius: 6px !important;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.06) !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .section > h2,
.obj_issue_toc .section > h3,
.obj_issue_toc .section .section_title {
  margin: 0 0 7px !important;
  padding-bottom: 5px !important;
  font-size: 15px !important;
}

/* --- Archive list can also use a compact gallery --- */
.page_issue_archive .issues_archive,
.page_issue_archive ul.issues_archive {
  display: grid !important;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)) !important;
  gap: 10px !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  list-style: none !important;
}

.page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary {
  height: 100% !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 13px 14px !important;
  border-radius: 8px !important;
}

/* --- Announcements denser and cleaner --- */
.obj_announcement_summary {
  margin-bottom: 9px !important;
  padding: 13px 15px !important;
  border-radius: 8px !important;
}

.obj_announcement_summary .title,
.obj_announcement_summary h3 {
  margin-bottom: 4px !important;
  font-size: 14.5px !important;
  line-height: 1.38 !important;
}

.obj_announcement_summary .date {
  margin-bottom: 5px !important;
  padding: 2px 7px !important;
  font-size: 10.8px !important;
}

.obj_announcement_summary .summary,
.obj_announcement_summary p {
  font-size: 12.5px !important;
  line-height: 1.5 !important;
}

/* --- Sidebar denser --- */
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .block_custom {
  margin-bottom: 10px !important;
  padding: 12px 13px !important;
  border-radius: 8px !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block .title,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block h2,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block h3,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .block_custom h2,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .block_custom h3 {
  margin-bottom: 8px !important;
  padding-bottom: 6px !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar li {
  padding: 4px 0 !important;
}

/* --- Footer spacing --- */
.pkp_structure_footer_wrapper {
  margin-top: 22px !important;
}

.pkp_structure_footer {
  padding-top: 20px !important;
  padding-bottom: 20px !important;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   HIDE OJS / PKP BRAND IMAGE WITHOUT HIDING JOURNAL FOOTER
   ========================================================================== */

.pkp_brand_footer,
.pkp_brand_footer img,
img[src*="ojs_brand.png"],
img.img-responsive[src*="ojs_brand.png"],
img[alt*="More information about the publishing system"],
img[alt*="Platform and Workflow by OJS/PKP"] {
  display: none !important;
  visibility: hidden !important;
  width: 0 !important;
  height: 0 !important;
  max-width: 0 !important;
  max-height: 0 !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  border: 0 !important;
}

/* Avoid empty space where PKP brand used to be */
.pkp_structure_footer .pkp_brand_footer,
.pkp_structure_footer_wrapper .pkp_brand_footer {
  display: none !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   RESPONSIVE GALLERY
   ========================================================================== */

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .obj_issue_toc .articles,
  .obj_issue_toc ul.articles,
  .current_issue .articles,
  .current_issue ul.articles,
  .page_issue_archive .issues_archive,
  .page_issue_archive ul.issues_archive {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr !important;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .pkp_structure_content {
    padding-top: 14px !important;
    padding-bottom: 20px !important;
  }

  .obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary,
  .current_issue .obj_article_summary {
    padding: 12px 13px !important;
  }

  .obj_issue_toc .cover img,
  .current_issue .cover img {
    max-width: 105px !important;
    max-height: 150px !important;
  }
}


/* ==========================================================================
   JIEEd NAVIGATION — ROBUST AUTO SUBMENU + BLUE THEME HIGHLIGHT
   Supports OJS 3 / Bootstrap-like dropdown states:
   hover, focus-within, .open, .show, .active, aria-expanded=true
   ========================================================================== */

/* Ensure dropdown parents create positioning context */
.pkp_navigation_primary > li,
.pkp_navigation_primary li,
.pkp_nav_list > li,
.pkp_nav_list li,
#navigationPrimary > li,
#navigationUser > li,
.navbar-nav > li,
.nav > li {
  position: relative !important;
}

/* Primary navigation base */
.pkp_navigation_primary > li > a,
#navigationPrimary > li > a,
.navbar-nav > li > a {
  background: transparent !important;
  color: #ffffff !important;
  border-radius: 0 !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
  transition: background-color .14s ease, color .14s ease !important;
}

/* Locked blue highlight for hover/focus/active/open */
.pkp_navigation_primary > li:hover > a,
.pkp_navigation_primary > li:focus-within > a,
.pkp_navigation_primary > li.active > a,
.pkp_navigation_primary > li.current > a,
.pkp_navigation_primary > li.open > a,
.pkp_navigation_primary > li.show > a,
.pkp_navigation_primary > li > a[aria-expanded="true"],
#navigationPrimary > li:hover > a,
#navigationPrimary > li:focus-within > a,
#navigationPrimary > li.active > a,
#navigationPrimary > li.open > a,
#navigationPrimary > li.show > a,
#navigationPrimary > li > a[aria-expanded="true"],
.navbar-nav > li:hover > a,
.navbar-nav > li:focus-within > a,
.navbar-nav > li.active > a,
.navbar-nav > li.open > a,
.navbar-nav > li.show > a,
.navbar-nav > li > a[aria-expanded="true"] {
  background: var(--jieed-dark) !important;
  color: #ffffff !important;
  box-shadow: inset 0 -3px 0 var(--jieed-accent) !important;
}

/* Default hidden submenu */
.pkp_navigation_primary li > ul,
.pkp_navigation_primary li > .dropdown-menu,
.pkp_nav_list li > ul,
.pkp_nav_list li > .dropdown-menu,
#navigationPrimary li > ul,
#navigationPrimary li > .dropdown-menu,
.navbar-nav li > .dropdown-menu {
  display: block !important;
  position: absolute !important;
  top: 100% !important;
  left: 0 !important;
  z-index: 99999 !important;
  min-width: 220px !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 6px !important;
  border: 1px solid var(--jieed-table-border) !important;
  border-radius: 8px !important;
  background: #ffffff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 12px 28px rgba(34, 60, 137, 0.14) !important;

  opacity: 0 !important;
  visibility: hidden !important;
  pointer-events: none !important;
  transform: translateY(4px) !important;
  transition: opacity .13s ease, visibility .13s ease, transform .13s ease !important;
}

/* Show submenu automatically */
.pkp_navigation_primary li:hover > ul,
.pkp_navigation_primary li:hover > .dropdown-menu,
.pkp_navigation_primary li:focus-within > ul,
.pkp_navigation_primary li:focus-within > .dropdown-menu,
.pkp_navigation_primary li.open > ul,
.pkp_navigation_primary li.open > .dropdown-menu,
.pkp_navigation_primary li.show > ul,
.pkp_navigation_primary li.show > .dropdown-menu,
.pkp_navigation_primary li > a[aria-expanded="true"] + ul,
.pkp_navigation_primary li > a[aria-expanded="true"] + .dropdown-menu,

.pkp_nav_list li:hover > ul,
.pkp_nav_list li:hover > .dropdown-menu,
.pkp_nav_list li:focus-within > ul,
.pkp_nav_list li:focus-within > .dropdown-menu,
.pkp_nav_list li.open > ul,
.pkp_nav_list li.open > .dropdown-menu,
.pkp_nav_list li.show > ul,
.pkp_nav_list li.show > .dropdown-menu,

#navigationPrimary li:hover > ul,
#navigationPrimary li:hover > .dropdown-menu,
#navigationPrimary li:focus-within > ul,
#navigationPrimary li:focus-within > .dropdown-menu,
#navigationPrimary li.open > ul,
#navigationPrimary li.open > .dropdown-menu,
#navigationPrimary li.show > ul,
#navigationPrimary li.show > .dropdown-menu,
#navigationPrimary li > a[aria-expanded="true"] + ul,
#navigationPrimary li > a[aria-expanded="true"] + .dropdown-menu,

.navbar-nav li:hover > .dropdown-menu,
.navbar-nav li:focus-within > .dropdown-menu,
.navbar-nav li.open > .dropdown-menu,
.navbar-nav li.show > .dropdown-menu,
.navbar-nav li > a[aria-expanded="true"] + .dropdown-menu {
  opacity: 1 !important;
  visibility: visible !important;
  pointer-events: auto !important;
  transform: translateY(0) !important;
}

/* Premium submenu items */
.pkp_navigation_primary li ul a,
.pkp_navigation_primary .dropdown-menu a,
.pkp_nav_list li ul a,
.pkp_nav_list .dropdown-menu a,
#navigationPrimary li ul a,
#navigationPrimary .dropdown-menu a,
.navbar-nav .dropdown-menu a {
  display: block !important;
  min-height: 0 !important;
  padding: 8px 10px !important;
  border: 0 !important;
  border-radius: 5px !important;
  background: transparent !important;
  color: var(--jieed-text) !important;
  font-size: 12px !important;
  font-weight: 600 !important;
  line-height: 1.4 !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
  white-space: nowrap !important;
}

/* Locked blue submenu highlight */
.pkp_navigation_primary li ul a:hover,
.pkp_navigation_primary li ul a:focus,
.pkp_navigation_primary li ul li.active > a,
.pkp_navigation_primary li ul li.current > a,
.pkp_navigation_primary li ul li.open > a,
.pkp_navigation_primary .dropdown-menu a:hover,
.pkp_navigation_primary .dropdown-menu a:focus,
.pkp_nav_list li ul a:hover,
.pkp_nav_list li ul a:focus,
.pkp_nav_list li ul li.active > a,
.pkp_nav_list li ul li.current > a,
#navigationPrimary li ul a:hover,
#navigationPrimary li ul a:focus,
#navigationPrimary li ul li.active > a,
#navigationPrimary li ul li.current > a,
.navbar-nav .dropdown-menu a:hover,
.navbar-nav .dropdown-menu a:focus,
.navbar-nav .dropdown-menu .active > a {
  background: var(--jieed-soft) !important;
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  box-shadow: inset 3px 0 0 var(--jieed-primary) !important;
}

/* Nested submenus */
.pkp_navigation_primary li ul li > ul,
.pkp_nav_list li ul li > ul,
#navigationPrimary li ul li > ul,
.navbar-nav .dropdown-menu li > .dropdown-menu {
  top: -6px !important;
  left: calc(100% + 4px) !important;
}

/* Force bootstrap/OJS open/show dropdowns to remain visible */
.dropdown.open > .dropdown-menu,
.dropdown.show > .dropdown-menu,
.open > .dropdown-menu,
.show > .dropdown-menu {
  display: block !important;
  opacity: 1 !important;
  visibility: visible !important;
  pointer-events: auto !important;
}

/* Remove legacy yellow/default theme active states if present */
#headerNavigationContainer.navbar.navbar-default .active > a,
#headerNavigationContainer.navbar.navbar-default .open > a,
#headerNavigationContainer.navbar.navbar-default .show > a,
#headerNavigationContainer.navbar.navbar-default a[aria-expanded="true"] {
  background: var(--jieed-dark) !important;
  color: #ffffff !important;
  border-color: var(--jieed-dark) !important;
}

#headerNavigationContainer .navbar-nav .dropdown-menu a:hover,
#headerNavigationContainer .navbar-nav .dropdown-menu a:focus,
#headerNavigationContainer .navbar-nav .dropdown-menu .active > a {
  background: var(--jieed-soft) !important;
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
}

/* ==========================================================================
   MOBILE / TOUCH NAVIGATION
   ========================================================================== */

@media (max-width: 768px) {

  /* Parent navigation highlight on focus/touch/open */
  .pkp_navigation_primary > li:focus-within > a,
  .pkp_navigation_primary > li.open > a,
  .pkp_navigation_primary > li.show > a,
  .pkp_navigation_primary > li > a[aria-expanded="true"],
  #navigationPrimary > li:focus-within > a,
  #navigationPrimary > li.open > a,
  #navigationPrimary > li.show > a,
  #navigationPrimary > li > a[aria-expanded="true"],
  .navbar-nav > li:focus-within > a,
  .navbar-nav > li.open > a,
  .navbar-nav > li.show > a,
  .navbar-nav > li > a[aria-expanded="true"] {
    background: var(--jieed-soft) !important;
    color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
    box-shadow: inset 3px 0 0 var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  }

  /* Keep submenu inside mobile menu flow */
  .pkp_navigation_primary li > ul,
  .pkp_navigation_primary li > .dropdown-menu,
  .pkp_nav_list li > ul,
  .pkp_nav_list li > .dropdown-menu,
  #navigationPrimary li > ul,
  #navigationPrimary li > .dropdown-menu,
  .navbar-nav li > .dropdown-menu {
    position: static !important;
    width: 100% !important;
    min-width: 0 !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    padding: 3px 0 5px 12px !important;
    border: 0 !important;
    border-radius: 0 !important;
    background: #f8fbff !important;
    box-shadow: none !important;
    transform: none !important;
  }

  /* Hidden until parent receives focus/open state */
  .pkp_navigation_primary li > ul,
  .pkp_navigation_primary li > .dropdown-menu,
  .pkp_nav_list li > ul,
  .pkp_nav_list li > .dropdown-menu,
  #navigationPrimary li > ul,
  #navigationPrimary li > .dropdown-menu,
  .navbar-nav li > .dropdown-menu {
    max-height: 0 !important;
    overflow: hidden !important;
    opacity: 0 !important;
    visibility: hidden !important;
    pointer-events: none !important;
    padding-top: 0 !important;
    padding-bottom: 0 !important;
    transition: max-height .18s ease, opacity .15s ease !important;
  }

  .pkp_navigation_primary li:focus-within > ul,
  .pkp_navigation_primary li:focus-within > .dropdown-menu,
  .pkp_navigation_primary li.open > ul,
  .pkp_navigation_primary li.open > .dropdown-menu,
  .pkp_navigation_primary li.show > ul,
  .pkp_navigation_primary li.show > .dropdown-menu,
  .pkp_navigation_primary li > a[aria-expanded="true"] + ul,
  .pkp_navigation_primary li > a[aria-expanded="true"] + .dropdown-menu,

  .pkp_nav_list li:focus-within > ul,
  .pkp_nav_list li:focus-within > .dropdown-menu,
  .pkp_nav_list li.open > ul,
  .pkp_nav_list li.open > .dropdown-menu,
  .pkp_nav_list li.show > ul,
  .pkp_nav_list li.show > .dropdown-menu,

  #navigationPrimary li:focus-within > ul,
  #navigationPrimary li:focus-within > .dropdown-menu,
  #navigationPrimary li.open > ul,
  #navigationPrimary li.open > .dropdown-menu,
  #navigationPrimary li.show > ul,
  #navigationPrimary li.show > .dropdown-menu,
  #navigationPrimary li > a[aria-expanded="true"] + ul,
  #navigationPrimary li > a[aria-expanded="true"] + .dropdown-menu,

  .navbar-nav li:focus-within > .dropdown-menu,
  .navbar-nav li.open > .dropdown-menu,
  .navbar-nav li.show > .dropdown-menu,
  .navbar-nav li > a[aria-expanded="true"] + .dropdown-menu {
    max-height: 1000px !important;
    opacity: 1 !important;
    visibility: visible !important;
    pointer-events: auto !important;
    padding-top: 3px !important;
    padding-bottom: 5px !important;
  }

  .pkp_navigation_primary li ul a,
  .pkp_nav_list li ul a,
  #navigationPrimary li ul a,
  .navbar-nav .dropdown-menu a {
    white-space: normal !important;
    padding: 7px 9px !important;
  }
}


/* ==========================================================================
   JIEEd — PREMIUM TWO-COLUMN GALLERY + NAVIGATION COLOR REFINEMENT
   ========================================================================== */

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1. NAVIGATION: BLUE/DARK TEXT AT REST, PREMIUM BLUE ON INTERACTION
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

.pkp_navigation_primary_row,
#headerNavigationContainer.navbar.navbar-default {
  background: #ffffff !important;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--jieed-divider) !important;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--jieed-divider) !important;
  box-shadow: 0 3px 12px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.04) !important;
}

/* Normal / untouched state */
.pkp_navigation_primary > li > a,
#navigationPrimary > li > a,
.navbar-nav > li > a,
#headerNavigationContainer.navbar.navbar-default > .container-fluid .navbar-nav > li > a {
  background: transparent !important;
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
}

/* Slightly darker on keyboard focus before open */
.pkp_navigation_primary > li > a:focus,
#navigationPrimary > li > a:focus,
.navbar-nav > li > a:focus {
  color: var(--jieed-dark) !important;
}

/* Hover / touched / open / active */
.pkp_navigation_primary > li:hover > a,
.pkp_navigation_primary > li:focus-within > a,
.pkp_navigation_primary > li.active > a,
.pkp_navigation_primary > li.current > a,
.pkp_navigation_primary > li.open > a,
.pkp_navigation_primary > li.show > a,
.pkp_navigation_primary > li > a[aria-expanded="true"],

#navigationPrimary > li:hover > a,
#navigationPrimary > li:focus-within > a,
#navigationPrimary > li.active > a,
#navigationPrimary > li.current > a,
#navigationPrimary > li.open > a,
#navigationPrimary > li.show > a,
#navigationPrimary > li > a[aria-expanded="true"],

.navbar-nav > li:hover > a,
.navbar-nav > li:focus-within > a,
.navbar-nav > li.active > a,
.navbar-nav > li.current > a,
.navbar-nav > li.open > a,
.navbar-nav > li.show > a,
.navbar-nav > li > a[aria-expanded="true"] {
  background: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  color: #ffffff !important;
  box-shadow: inset 0 -3px 0 var(--jieed-accent) !important;
}

/* Active item can remain slightly darker */
.pkp_navigation_primary > li.active > a,
.pkp_navigation_primary > li.current > a,
#navigationPrimary > li.active > a,
#navigationPrimary > li.current > a,
.navbar-nav > li.active > a,
.navbar-nav > li.current > a {
  background: var(--jieed-dark) !important;
  color: #ffffff !important;
}

/* Submenu untouched state */
.pkp_navigation_primary li ul a,
.pkp_navigation_primary .dropdown-menu a,
.pkp_nav_list li ul a,
.pkp_nav_list .dropdown-menu a,
#navigationPrimary li ul a,
#navigationPrimary .dropdown-menu a,
.navbar-nav .dropdown-menu a {
  background: transparent !important;
  color: var(--jieed-text) !important;
}

/* Submenu interaction highlight in theme blue */
.pkp_navigation_primary li ul a:hover,
.pkp_navigation_primary li ul a:focus,
.pkp_navigation_primary li ul li.active > a,
.pkp_navigation_primary li ul li.current > a,
.pkp_navigation_primary .dropdown-menu a:hover,
.pkp_navigation_primary .dropdown-menu a:focus,
.pkp_nav_list li ul a:hover,
.pkp_nav_list li ul a:focus,
#navigationPrimary li ul a:hover,
#navigationPrimary li ul a:focus,
.navbar-nav .dropdown-menu a:hover,
.navbar-nav .dropdown-menu a:focus,
.navbar-nav .dropdown-menu .active > a {
  background: var(--jieed-soft) !important;
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  box-shadow: inset 3px 0 0 var(--jieed-primary) !important;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   2. GENERAL TWO-COLUMN UTILITY FOR CUSTOM HTML PAGES
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

.jieed-gallery-2 {
  display: grid !important;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)) !important;
  gap: 12px !important;
  width: 100% !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  align-items: stretch !important;
}

.jieed-gallery-2 > * {
  min-width: 0 !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   3. ARTICLE GALLERY — TWO COLUMNS ON WIDE SCREENS
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

@media (min-width: 1100px) {
  .obj_issue_toc .articles,
  .obj_issue_toc ul.articles,
  .current_issue .articles,
  .current_issue ul.articles {
    display: grid !important;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)) !important;
    gap: 10px !important;
    align-items: stretch !important;
  }

  .obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary,
  .current_issue .obj_article_summary {
    height: 100% !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    padding: 13px 14px !important;
    border: 1px solid #e1e8f2 !important;
    border-radius: 9px !important;
    background: #ffffff !important;
    box-shadow: 0 3px 10px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.035) !important;
  }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   4. ANNOUNCEMENT GALLERY — TWO COLUMNS
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

@media (min-width: 1100px) {
  .cmp_announcements .announcements,
  .cmp_announcements ul,
  .page_index_journal .cmp_announcements .announcements {
    display: grid !important;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)) !important;
    gap: 10px !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    list-style: none !important;
  }

  .cmp_announcements .obj_announcement_summary {
    height: 100% !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
  }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   5. ISSUE ARCHIVE GALLERY — TWO COLUMNS
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

@media (min-width: 1100px) {
  .page_issue_archive .issues_archive,
  .page_issue_archive ul.issues_archive {
    display: grid !important;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)) !important;
    gap: 10px !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    list-style: none !important;
  }

  .page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary {
    height: 100% !important;
    margin: 0 !important;
  }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   6. OPTIONAL TWO-COLUMN LAYOUT FOR GENERIC OJS CARD-LIKE GROUPS
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

@media (min-width: 1200px) {
  .jieed-card-grid,
  .jieed-policy-grid,
  .jieed-info-grid,
  .jieed-history-grid {
    display: grid !important;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)) !important;
    gap: 12px !important;
    align-items: stretch !important;
  }
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   7. RESPONSIVE FALLBACK
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

@media (max-width: 1099px) {
  .jieed-gallery-2,
  .obj_issue_toc .articles,
  .obj_issue_toc ul.articles,
  .current_issue .articles,
  .current_issue ul.articles,
  .cmp_announcements .announcements,
  .cmp_announcements ul,
  .page_issue_archive .issues_archive,
  .page_issue_archive ul.issues_archive {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr !important;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  /* Mobile navigation normal state remains readable */
  .pkp_navigation_primary > li > a,
  #navigationPrimary > li > a,
  .navbar-nav > li > a {
    background: #ffffff !important;
    color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  }

  .pkp_navigation_primary > li:hover > a,
  .pkp_navigation_primary > li:focus-within > a,
  .pkp_navigation_primary > li.open > a,
  .pkp_navigation_primary > li.show > a,
  .pkp_navigation_primary > li > a[aria-expanded="true"],
  #navigationPrimary > li:hover > a,
  #navigationPrimary > li:focus-within > a,
  #navigationPrimary > li.open > a,
  #navigationPrimary > li.show > a,
  #navigationPrimary > li > a[aria-expanded="true"],
  .navbar-nav > li:hover > a,
  .navbar-nav > li:focus-within > a,
  .navbar-nav > li.open > a,
  .navbar-nav > li.show > a,
  .navbar-nav > li > a[aria-expanded="true"] {
    background: var(--jieed-soft) !important;
    color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
    box-shadow: inset 3px 0 0 var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  }
}


/* ==========================================================================
   HIDE ANNOUNCEMENTS HEADING ONLY
   Keeps announcement content visible and removes empty heading space.
   ========================================================================== */

.cmp_announcements > h2,
.page_index_journal .cmp_announcements > h2 {
  display: none !important;
  visibility: hidden !important;
  height: 0 !important;
  min-height: 0 !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  border: 0 !important;
  overflow: hidden !important;
}

.cmp_announcements,
.page_index_journal .cmp_announcements {
  margin-top: 8px !important;
}


/* ==========================================================================
   JIEEd HOMEPAGE — COMPACT PREMIUM RESPONSIVE GALLERY
   Exact OJS selectors confirmed from browser DevTools.
   ========================================================================== */

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1. REMOVE ANNOUNCEMENTS PAGE HEADER COMPLETELY
   Exact structure:
   #main-content > section.cmp_announcements.media > header.page-header > h2
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

#main-content > section.cmp_announcements.media > header,
#main-content > section.cmp_announcements.media > header.page-header,
#main-content > section.cmp_announcements.media > header.page-header > h2,
section.cmp_announcements.media > header,
section.cmp_announcements.media > header.page-header,
section.cmp_announcements.media > header.page-header > h2,
.cmp_announcements > header,
.cmp_announcements > header.page-header,
.cmp_announcements > header.page-header > h2,
.cmp_announcements > h2 {
  display: none !important;
  visibility: hidden !important;
  position: absolute !important;
  width: 0 !important;
  height: 0 !important;
  min-width: 0 !important;
  min-height: 0 !important;
  max-width: 0 !important;
  max-height: 0 !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  border: 0 !important;
  overflow: hidden !important;
  opacity: 0 !important;
  pointer-events: none !important;
}

/* Prevent any reserved space left by the removed header */
#main-content > section.cmp_announcements.media,
section.cmp_announcements.media,
.cmp_announcements {
  margin-top: 6px !important;
  padding-top: 0 !important;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   2. HOMEPAGE VERTICAL RHYTHM — LESS EMPTY SPACE
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

#main-content.page_index_journal,
.page_index_journal {
  padding-top: 0 !important;
}

#main-content.page_index_journal > *,
.page_index_journal > * {
  margin-top: 0 !important;
  margin-bottom: 12px !important;
}

#main-content .journal-description,
#main-content .cmp_announcements,
#main-content .current_issue,
#main-content .additional_content {
  margin-top: 0 !important;
  margin-bottom: 12px !important;
}

#main-content .journal-description {
  padding: 14px 16px !important;
}

#main-content .journal-description p,
#main-content .additional_content p {
  margin-top: 0 !important;
  margin-bottom: 8px !important;
}

#main-content .journal-description p:last-child,
#main-content .additional_content p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0 !important;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   3. ANNOUNCEMENTS — RESPONSIVE PREMIUM GALLERY
   Real OJS wrapper: .cmp_announcements.media > .media-list
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

#main-content > section.cmp_announcements.media > .media-list,
section.cmp_announcements.media > .media-list,
.cmp_announcements .media-list {
  display: grid !important;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(min(100%, 300px), 1fr)) !important;
  gap: 9px !important;
  width: 100% !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  align-items: stretch !important;
}

#main-content > section.cmp_announcements.media > .media-list > *,
section.cmp_announcements.media > .media-list > *,
.cmp_announcements .media-list > * {
  width: 100% !important;
  min-width: 0 !important;
  height: 100% !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
}

/* Announcement card */
.cmp_announcements .obj_announcement_summary,
.cmp_announcements .media-list > .media,
.cmp_announcements .media-list > article,
.cmp_announcements .media-list > div {
  box-sizing: border-box !important;
  height: 100% !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 12px 14px !important;
  border: 1px solid #e1e8f2 !important;
  border-radius: 8px !important;
  background: #ffffff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 3px 10px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.035) !important;
  transition: border-color .16s ease, box-shadow .16s ease, background-color .16s ease !important;
}

.cmp_announcements .obj_announcement_summary:hover,
.cmp_announcements .media-list > .media:hover,
.cmp_announcements .media-list > article:hover {
  border-color: var(--jieed-border) !important;
  background: #fbfdff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 6px 16px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.065) !important;
}

.cmp_announcements .obj_announcement_summary .title,
.cmp_announcements .obj_announcement_summary h3,
.cmp_announcements .media-list .title {
  margin: 0 0 4px !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  font-size: 14px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.38 !important;
  letter-spacing: -0.004em !important;
}

.cmp_announcements .obj_announcement_summary .date {
  margin: 0 0 4px !important;
  padding: 2px 6px !important;
  border-radius: 999px !important;
  background: var(--jieed-soft) !important;
  color: var(--jieed-accent) !important;
  font-size: 10.5px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.25 !important;
}

.cmp_announcements .obj_announcement_summary p,
.cmp_announcements .obj_announcement_summary .summary {
  margin: 0 !important;
  color: #566173 !important;
  font-size: 12px !important;
  line-height: 1.48 !important;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   4. CURRENT ISSUE — COMPACT EDITORIAL BLOCK
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

#main-content > section.current_issue,
section.current_issue,
.current_issue,
.obj_issue_toc {
  margin-top: 8px !important;
  margin-bottom: 12px !important;
}

.current_issue .current_issue_title,
.obj_issue_toc .heading {
  margin: 0 0 9px !important;
  padding: 10px 12px !important;
  border: 1px solid #dfe7f1 !important;
  border-radius: 8px !important;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ffffff 0%, #f7fbff 100%) !important;
  box-shadow: 0 3px 10px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.04) !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .heading .title,
.current_issue .current_issue_title {
  margin: 0 0 3px !important;
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  font-size: 16.5px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.3 !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .heading .description,
.obj_issue_toc .heading .published,
.obj_issue_toc .heading .date_published,
.current_issue .published {
  margin: 0 !important;
  color: var(--jieed-muted) !important;
  font-size: 11.3px !important;
  line-height: 1.4 !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .cover,
.current_issue .cover {
  margin: 0 0 8px !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .cover img,
.current_issue .cover img {
  display: block !important;
  width: auto !important;
  max-width: 115px !important;
  max-height: 160px !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  border: 1px solid #e2e8f0 !important;
  border-radius: 6px !important;
  background: #ffffff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.06) !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .sections {
  margin-top: 8px !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .section {
  margin: 0 0 12px !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .section > h2,
.obj_issue_toc .section > h3,
.obj_issue_toc .section .section_title {
  margin: 0 0 7px !important;
  padding: 0 0 5px !important;
  border: 0 !important;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--jieed-divider) !important;
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  font-size: 14.5px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.35 !important;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   5. ARTICLE LIST — FLEXIBLE RESPONSIVE PREMIUM GALLERY
   Uses auto-fit so it fills available space without empty columns.
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

.obj_issue_toc .articles,
.obj_issue_toc ul.articles,
.current_issue .articles,
.current_issue ul.articles {
  display: grid !important;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(min(100%, 330px), 1fr)) !important;
  gap: 9px !important;
  width: 100% !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  border: 0 !important;
  background: transparent !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
  list-style: none !important;
  align-items: stretch !important;
}

/* Support both direct article cards and <li> wrappers */
.obj_issue_toc .articles > li,
.current_issue .articles > li,
.obj_issue_toc .articles > article,
.current_issue .articles > article,
.obj_issue_toc .articles > .obj_article_summary,
.current_issue .articles > .obj_article_summary {
  min-width: 0 !important;
  width: 100% !important;
  height: 100% !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  list-style: none !important;
}

/* If OJS wraps .obj_article_summary inside <li>, make li the visual card */
.obj_issue_toc .articles > li,
.current_issue .articles > li {
  box-sizing: border-box !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  border: 1px solid #e1e8f2 !important;
  border-radius: 8px !important;
  background: #ffffff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 3px 10px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.035) !important;
  overflow: hidden !important;
}

/* Article summary visual layout */
.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary,
.current_issue .obj_article_summary {
  display: flex !important;
  flex-direction: column !important;
  height: 100% !important;
  min-width: 0 !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 12px 13px !important;
  border: 1px solid #e1e8f2 !important;
  border-radius: 8px !important;
  background: #ffffff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 3px 10px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.035) !important;
  transition: border-color .16s ease, box-shadow .16s ease, background-color .16s ease !important;
}

/* Avoid double border if article lives inside an LI card */
.obj_issue_toc .articles > li > .obj_article_summary,
.current_issue .articles > li > .obj_article_summary {
  border: 0 !important;
  border-radius: 0 !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary:hover,
.current_issue .obj_article_summary:hover,
.obj_issue_toc .articles > li:hover,
.current_issue .articles > li:hover {
  border-color: var(--jieed-border) !important;
  background: #fbfdff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 6px 16px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.065) !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary .title,
.current_issue .obj_article_summary .title {
  margin: 0 0 4px !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  font-size: 14px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.38 !important;
  letter-spacing: -0.006em !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary .authors,
.current_issue .obj_article_summary .authors {
  margin: 0 0 3px !important;
  color: #4f5b6d !important;
  font-size: 11.5px !important;
  line-height: 1.4 !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary .pages,
.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary .published,
.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary .meta,
.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary .doi,
.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary .stats,
.current_issue .obj_article_summary .pages,
.current_issue .obj_article_summary .published,
.current_issue .obj_article_summary .meta,
.current_issue .obj_article_summary .doi,
.current_issue .obj_article_summary .stats {
  margin-top: 2px !important;
  color: var(--jieed-muted) !important;
  font-size: 10.8px !important;
  line-height: 1.35 !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary .galleys,
.obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary .galleys_links,
.current_issue .obj_article_summary .galleys,
.current_issue .obj_article_summary .galleys_links {
  margin-top: auto !important;
  padding-top: 7px !important;
}

.obj_issue_toc .obj_galley_link,
.current_issue .obj_galley_link,
.obj_issue_toc .galleys a,
.current_issue .galleys a {
  min-height: 25px !important;
  margin: 2px 4px 0 0 !important;
  padding: 4px 7px !important;
  border-radius: 5px !important;
  font-size: 9.5px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.1 !important;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   6. ARCHIVE — RESPONSIVE FLEXIBLE GALLERY
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

.page_issue_archive .issues_archive,
.page_issue_archive ul.issues_archive {
  display: grid !important;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(min(100%, 300px), 1fr)) !important;
  gap: 9px !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  list-style: none !important;
}

.page_issue_archive .issues_archive > *,
.page_issue_archive ul.issues_archive > * {
  min-width: 0 !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
}

.page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary {
  height: 100% !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 12px 13px !important;
  border: 1px solid #e1e8f2 !important;
  border-radius: 8px !important;
  background: #ffffff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 3px 10px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.035) !important;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   7. ADDITIONAL CONTENT — COMPACT
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

#main-content > section.additional_content,
section.additional_content,
.additional_content {
  margin-top: 8px !important;
  margin-bottom: 10px !important;
  padding-top: 0 !important;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   8. SIDEBAR — COMPACT & CONSISTENT
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .block_custom {
  margin-bottom: 9px !important;
  padding: 11px 12px !important;
  border-radius: 8px !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block .title,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block h2,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .pkp_block h3,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .block_custom h2,
.pkp_structure_sidebar .block_custom h3 {
  margin: 0 0 7px !important;
  padding: 0 0 5px !important;
}

.pkp_structure_sidebar li {
  padding: 4px 0 !important;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   9. RESPONSIVE FINE-TUNING
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  #main-content > section.cmp_announcements.media > .media-list,
  section.cmp_announcements.media > .media-list,
  .cmp_announcements .media-list,
  .obj_issue_toc .articles,
  .obj_issue_toc ul.articles,
  .current_issue .articles,
  .current_issue ul.articles,
  .page_issue_archive .issues_archive,
  .page_issue_archive ul.issues_archive {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr !important;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  #main-content.page_index_journal > *,
  .page_index_journal > * {
    margin-bottom: 9px !important;
  }

  .obj_issue_toc .obj_article_summary,
  .current_issue .obj_article_summary,
  .cmp_announcements .obj_announcement_summary {
    padding: 11px 12px !important;
  }
}


/* ==========================================================================
   JIEEd NAVIGATION — BOLD TYPOGRAPHY REFINEMENT
   ========================================================================== */

.pkp_navigation_primary > li > a,
#navigationPrimary > li > a,
.navbar-nav > li > a,
#headerNavigationContainer.navbar.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a {
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  letter-spacing: .005em !important;
}

/* Submenu typography */
.pkp_navigation_primary li ul a,
.pkp_navigation_primary .dropdown-menu a,
.pkp_nav_list li ul a,
.pkp_nav_list .dropdown-menu a,
#navigationPrimary li ul a,
#navigationPrimary .dropdown-menu a,
.navbar-nav .dropdown-menu a,
#headerNavigationContainer .navbar-nav .dropdown-menu a {
  font-weight: 700 !important;
}

/* Active/open state can be slightly stronger */
.pkp_navigation_primary > li.active > a,
.pkp_navigation_primary > li.current > a,
.pkp_navigation_primary > li.open > a,
.pkp_navigation_primary > li.show > a,
#navigationPrimary > li.active > a,
#navigationPrimary > li.current > a,
#navigationPrimary > li.open > a,
#navigationPrimary > li.show > a,
.navbar-nav > li.active > a,
.navbar-nav > li.current > a,
.navbar-nav > li.open > a,
.navbar-nav > li.show > a {
  font-weight: 800 !important;
}


/* ==========================================================================
   JIEEd — VERIFIED OJS ARTICLE GALLERY FIX
   Exact OJS structure:
   .obj_issue_toc .sections .section > ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li
   ========================================================================== */

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   CURRENT ISSUE HEADING: COMPACT COVER + DESCRIPTION
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

.page_index_journal .current_issue .obj_issue_toc .heading,
.current_issue .obj_issue_toc .heading,
.obj_issue_toc .heading {
  display: flex !important;
  flex-wrap: wrap !important;
  align-items: flex-start !important;
  gap: 12px !important;
  width: 100% !important;
  margin: 0 0 10px !important;
  padding: 11px 12px !important;
  border: 1px solid #dfe7f1 !important;
  border-radius: 8px !important;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #ffffff 0%, #f7fbff 100%) !important;
  box-shadow: 0 3px 10px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.04) !important;
}

/* Stop Bootstrap/OJS from making cover column huge */
.page_index_journal .current_issue .obj_issue_toc .heading .cover,
.current_issue .obj_issue_toc .heading .cover,
.obj_issue_toc .heading .cover {
  display: block !important;
  flex: 0 0 112px !important;
  width: 112px !important;
  max-width: 112px !important;
  min-width: 112px !important;
  height: auto !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  border: 0 !important;
  background: transparent !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
  float: none !important;
}

/* Compact cover */
.page_index_journal .current_issue .obj_issue_toc .heading .cover img,
.current_issue .obj_issue_toc .heading .cover img,
.obj_issue_toc .heading .cover img {
  display: block !important;
  width: 108px !important;
  max-width: 108px !important;
  height: auto !important;
  max-height: 155px !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  border: 1px solid #dfe6ef !important;
  border-radius: 6px !important;
  background: #ffffff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.07) !important;
  object-fit: contain !important;
}

/* Description fills remaining width */
.page_index_journal .current_issue .obj_issue_toc .heading .description,
.current_issue .obj_issue_toc .heading .description,
.obj_issue_toc .heading .description {
  flex: 1 1 520px !important;
  min-width: 0 !important;
  width: auto !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 1px 0 !important;
  color: var(--jieed-text) !important;
  font-size: 12.2px !important;
  line-height: 1.5 !important;
}

/* Published meta stays compact */
.page_index_journal .current_issue .obj_issue_toc .heading .published,
.current_issue .obj_issue_toc .heading .published,
.obj_issue_toc .heading .published {
  flex: 1 1 100% !important;
  margin: -2px 0 0 124px !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  color: var(--jieed-muted) !important;
  font-size: 10.8px !important;
  line-height: 1.35 !important;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   SECTION TITLE "ARTICLES"
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

.page_index_journal .current_issue .obj_issue_toc .sections .section > h2,
.page_index_journal .current_issue .obj_issue_toc .sections .section > h3,
.current_issue .obj_issue_toc .sections .section > h2,
.current_issue .obj_issue_toc .sections .section > h3,
.obj_issue_toc .sections .section > h2,
.obj_issue_toc .sections .section > h3 {
  margin: 8px 0 8px !important;
  padding: 0 0 5px !important;
  border: 0 !important;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--jieed-divider) !important;
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  font-size: 14.5px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.35 !important;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   REAL OJS ARTICLE LIST: FORCE GRID
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

.page_index_journal .current_issue .obj_issue_toc .sections .section > ul.cmp_article_list.articles,
.current_issue .obj_issue_toc .sections .section > ul.cmp_article_list.articles,
.obj_issue_toc .sections .section > ul.cmp_article_list.articles,
ul.cmp_article_list.articles {
  display: grid !important;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)) !important;
  grid-auto-flow: row !important;
  grid-auto-rows: 1fr !important;
  gap: 10px !important;
  align-items: stretch !important;
  width: 100% !important;
  max-width: 100% !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  border: 0 !important;
  background: transparent !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
  list-style: none !important;
  float: none !important;
  clear: both !important;
}

/* Each article becomes a proper gallery item */
.page_index_journal .current_issue .obj_issue_toc ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li,
.current_issue .obj_issue_toc ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li,
.obj_issue_toc ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li,
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li {
  display: block !important;
  position: relative !important;
  float: none !important;
  clear: none !important;
  width: auto !important;
  min-width: 0 !important;
  max-width: none !important;
  height: 100% !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  border: 1px solid #e0e8f2 !important;
  border-radius: 9px !important;
  background: #ffffff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 3px 10px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.035) !important;
  list-style: none !important;
  overflow: hidden !important;
  vertical-align: top !important;
  transition: border-color .16s ease, box-shadow .16s ease, background-color .16s ease !important;
}

.page_index_journal .current_issue .obj_issue_toc ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li:hover,
.current_issue .obj_issue_toc ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li:hover,
.obj_issue_toc ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li:hover,
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li:hover {
  border-color: var(--jieed-border) !important;
  background: #fbfdff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 7px 18px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.065) !important;
}

/* Article summary fills the gallery card */
.page_index_journal .current_issue .obj_issue_toc ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li > .obj_article_summary,
.current_issue .obj_issue_toc ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li > .obj_article_summary,
.obj_issue_toc ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li > .obj_article_summary,
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li > .obj_article_summary {
  display: flex !important;
  flex-direction: column !important;
  justify-content: flex-start !important;
  width: 100% !important;
  height: 100% !important;
  min-width: 0 !important;
  min-height: 100% !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 13px 14px !important;
  border: 0 !important;
  border-radius: 0 !important;
  background: transparent !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
  float: none !important;
}

/* Premium left accent without consuming visual space */
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li::before {
  content: "" !important;
  position: absolute !important;
  top: 0 !important;
  left: 0 !important;
  width: 3px !important;
  height: 100% !important;
  background: rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.38) !important;
}

/* Article title */
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .obj_article_summary .title {
  margin: 0 0 6px !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  font-size: 14.2px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.4 !important;
  letter-spacing: -0.006em !important;
}

ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .obj_article_summary .title a {
  color: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
}

ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .obj_article_summary .title a:hover,
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .obj_article_summary .title a:focus {
  color: var(--jieed-dark) !important;
}

/* Authors */
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .obj_article_summary .authors {
  margin: 0 0 4px !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  color: #505c6d !important;
  font-size: 11.5px !important;
  line-height: 1.42 !important;
}

/* Pages and publication metadata */
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .obj_article_summary .pages,
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .obj_article_summary .published,
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .obj_article_summary .meta,
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .obj_article_summary .doi,
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .obj_article_summary .stats {
  margin: 2px 0 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  color: var(--jieed-muted) !important;
  font-size: 10.7px !important;
  line-height: 1.35 !important;
}

/* Keep galley button at bottom for aligned cards */
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .obj_article_summary .galleys,
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .obj_article_summary .galleys_links {
  margin-top: auto !important;
  padding-top: 7px !important;
}

/* PDF */
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .obj_galley_link,
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .galleys_links a {
  display: inline-flex !important;
  align-items: center !important;
  justify-content: center !important;
  min-width: 42px !important;
  min-height: 25px !important;
  margin: 2px 4px 0 0 !important;
  padding: 4px 7px !important;
  border: 1px solid var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  border-radius: 5px !important;
  background: var(--jieed-primary) !important;
  color: #ffffff !important;
  font-size: 9.5px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.1 !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
  text-transform: uppercase !important;
}

/* --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   RESPONSIVE: ONE COLUMN ON TABLET / MOBILE
   -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */

@media (max-width: 999px) {
  .page_index_journal .current_issue .obj_issue_toc .sections .section > ul.cmp_article_list.articles,
  .current_issue .obj_issue_toc .sections .section > ul.cmp_article_list.articles,
  .obj_issue_toc .sections .section > ul.cmp_article_list.articles,
  ul.cmp_article_list.articles {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr !important;
    grid-auto-rows: auto !important;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 700px) {
  .page_index_journal .current_issue .obj_issue_toc .heading,
  .current_issue .obj_issue_toc .heading,
  .obj_issue_toc .heading {
    display: block !important;
  }

  .page_index_journal .current_issue .obj_issue_toc .heading .cover,
  .current_issue .obj_issue_toc .heading .cover,
  .obj_issue_toc .heading .cover {
    width: 92px !important;
    min-width: 92px !important;
    max-width: 92px !important;
    margin: 0 0 8px !important;
  }

  .page_index_journal .current_issue .obj_issue_toc .heading .cover img,
  .current_issue .obj_issue_toc .heading .cover img,
  .obj_issue_toc .heading .cover img {
    width: 88px !important;
    max-width: 88px !important;
    max-height: 128px !important;
  }

  .page_index_journal .current_issue .obj_issue_toc .heading .published,
  .current_issue .obj_issue_toc .heading .published,
  .obj_issue_toc .heading .published {
    margin: 5px 0 0 !important;
  }
}

/* ==========================================================================
   20. HOMEPAGE ONLY — HIDE OJS-AUTOMATIC CURRENT ISSUE THUMBNAIL
   Keep custom issue cover in homepage HTML and issue-page covers visible.
   This rule hides the native Bootstrap .thumbnail.col-md-4 wrapper,
   not merely its <img>, avoiding an empty column and duplicate cover.
   ========================================================================== */

#main-content.page_index_journal .current_issue .thumbnail.col-md-4,
.page_index_journal .current_issue .thumbnail.col-md-4,
body.pkp_page_index.pkp_op_index .current_issue .thumbnail.col-md-4 {
  display: none !important;
}

/* Let the native issue text reclaim the width when it directly follows
   the hidden Bootstrap thumbnail in the same row. */
#main-content.page_index_journal .current_issue .thumbnail.col-md-4 ~ .col-md-8,
.page_index_journal .current_issue .thumbnail.col-md-4 ~ .col-md-8,
body.pkp_page_index.pkp_op_index .current_issue .thumbnail.col-md-4 ~ .col-md-8 {
  width: 100% !important;
  max-width: 100% !important;
  flex: 0 0 100% !important;
  float: none !important;
  margin-left: 0 !important;
}


/* ==========================================================================
   JIEEd — FINAL PREMIUM NAVIGATION TYPOGRAPHY
   Slightly larger, crisp and balanced navigation text on all screens.
   These final overrides deliberately preserve the established color,
   hover/focus styles, dropdown logic, and responsive layout.
   ========================================================================== */

/* Main journal navigation */
.pkp_navigation_primary > li > a,
#navigationPrimary > li > a,
.navbar-nav > li > a,
#headerNavigationContainer.navbar.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a {
  font-size: 13.5px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.4 !important;
  letter-spacing: .005em !important;
}

/* Dropdown navigation and nested submenu links */
.pkp_navigation_primary li ul a,
.pkp_navigation_primary .dropdown-menu a,
.pkp_nav_list li ul a,
.pkp_nav_list .dropdown-menu a,
#navigationPrimary li ul a,
#navigationPrimary .dropdown-menu a,
.navbar-nav .dropdown-menu a,
#headerNavigationContainer .navbar-nav .dropdown-menu a {
  font-size: 13px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.45 !important;
}

/* Profile / sign-in area */
.pkp_navigation_user > li > a,
#navigationUser > li > a {
  font-size: 13px !important;
}

/* Controlled spacing on medium laptop/tablet displays */
@media (min-width: 769px) and (max-width: 1100px) {
  .pkp_navigation_primary > li > a,
  #navigationPrimary > li > a,
  .navbar-nav > li > a,
  #headerNavigationContainer.navbar.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a {
    font-size: 13px !important;
    padding-left: 10px !important;
    padding-right: 10px !important;
  }
}

/* Clear, comfortable type within mobile menu */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .pkp_navigation_primary > li > a,
  #navigationPrimary > li > a,
  .navbar-nav > li > a,
  #headerNavigationContainer.navbar.navbar-default .navbar-nav > li > a {
    font-size: 13.5px !important;
  }
}

/* ==========================================================================
   JIEEd — PREMIUM ARTICLES HEADER & BOOTSTRAP ARTICLE SUMMARY
   OJS 3 structure: .page-header > h2 > small (Articles)
                    .article-summary.media > .media-body + .doiInSummary
   Scoped to avoid changing announcements and existing .obj_article_summary cards.
   ========================================================================== */

/* Compact section heading and the space before the first article. */
#main-content div.page-header,
.pkp_structure_main div.page-header {
  margin-top: 10px !important;
  margin-bottom: 10px !important;
  padding: 0 0 7px !important;
  border: 0 !important;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #dfe8f4 !important;
  background: transparent !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
}

#main-content div.page-header > h2,
.pkp_structure_main div.page-header > h2 {
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  border: 0 !important;
  color: var(--jieed-primary, #2f53a2) !important;
  font-size: 20px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.3 !important;
  letter-spacing: -0.012em !important;
}

#main-content div.page-header > h2 > small,
.pkp_structure_main div.page-header > h2 > small {
  display: inline !important;
  color: var(--jieed-primary, #2f53a2) !important;
  font-size: 20px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.3 !important;
  letter-spacing: -0.012em !important;
}

#main-content div.page-header + .media-list,
#main-content div.page-header + .article-summary.media,
.pkp_structure_main div.page-header + .media-list,
.pkp_structure_main div.page-header + .article-summary.media {
  margin-top: 0 !important;
  padding-top: 0 !important;
}

/* Article as a light, refined editorial card. */
.article-summary.media {
  position: relative !important;
  display: block !important;
  width: 100% !important;
  min-width: 0 !important;
  margin: 0 0 11px !important;
  padding: 17px 19px !important;
  border: 1px solid #e0e8f3 !important;
  border-left: 1px solid #e0e8f3 !important;
  border-radius: 10px !important;
  background: #ffffff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 3px 12px rgba(35, 61, 117, 0.045) !important;
  color: var(--jieed-text, #2f3747) !important;
  font-size: 12.5px !important;
  line-height: 1.55 !important;
  transition: border-color .18s ease, box-shadow .18s ease, background-color .18s ease !important;
}

.article-summary.media:hover {
  border-color: #c6d7ed !important;
  border-left-color: #c6d7ed !important;
  background: #fcfdff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 7px 20px rgba(35, 61, 117, 0.075) !important;
}

.article-summary.media + .article-summary.media {
  margin-top: 0 !important;
}

.article-summary.media .media-body {
  display: block !important;
  width: 100% !important;
  min-width: 0 !important;
  overflow: visible !important;
  color: #69768b !important;
  font-size: 12.5px !important;
  line-height: 1.65 !important;
}

/* Strong article title with balanced visual hierarchy. */
.article-summary.media h3.media-heading {
  margin: 0 0 10px !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  border: 0 !important;
  color: var(--jieed-primary, #2f53a2) !important;
  font-size: 17px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.43 !important;
  letter-spacing: -0.008em !important;
  text-transform: none !important;
}

.article-summary.media h3.media-heading a {
  color: var(--jieed-primary, #2f53a2) !important;
  font-size: inherit !important;
  font-weight: inherit !important;
  line-height: inherit !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
  overflow-wrap: anywhere !important;
}

.article-summary.media h3.media-heading a:hover,
.article-summary.media h3.media-heading a:focus {
  color: var(--jieed-dark, #223c89) !important;
  text-decoration: underline !important;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px !important;
  text-underline-offset: 3px !important;
}

/* Author list: calm panel, clear emphasis on author names. */
.article-summary.media .meta {
  margin: 0 0 9px !important;
  padding: 9px 12px !important;
  border: 1px solid #eaf0f7 !important;
  border-radius: 7px !important;
  background: #f8fbff !important;
}

.article-summary.media .meta .authors {
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  color: #5e6c81 !important;
  font-size: 12.5px !important;
  font-weight: 400 !important;
  line-height: 1.65 !important;
}

.article-summary.media .meta .authors b,
.article-summary.media .meta .authors strong {
  color: #304461 !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
}

.article-summary.media .meta .authors br:last-child {
  display: none !important;
}

/* Number of pages styled as understated metadata. */
.article-summary.media p.pages {
  display: inline-block !important;
  width: auto !important;
  margin: 0 0 9px !important;
  padding: 3px 9px !important;
  border: 1px solid #e3ebf5 !important;
  border-radius: 5px !important;
  background: #f2f6fc !important;
  color: #5a6b85 !important;
  font-size: 12px !important;
  line-height: 1.45 !important;
}

/* PDF link retains the established navy/blue color system. */
.article-summary.media .btn-group {
  display: inline-flex !important;
  align-items: center !important;
  float: none !important;
  margin: 0 0 8px 10px !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  vertical-align: middle !important;
}

.article-summary.media a.galley-link.btn.btn-primary.pdf,
.article-summary.media a.galley-link.btn {
  display: inline-flex !important;
  align-items: center !important;
  justify-content: center !important;
  min-width: 54px !important;
  min-height: 29px !important;
  padding: 6px 12px !important;
  border: 1px solid var(--jieed-primary, #2f53a2) !important;
  border-radius: 6px !important;
  background: var(--jieed-primary, #2f53a2) !important;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 7px rgba(47, 83, 162, 0.12) !important;
  color: #ffffff !important;
  font-size: 11.5px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.2 !important;
  letter-spacing: 0.025em !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
  text-transform: uppercase !important;
  transition: background-color .18s ease, box-shadow .18s ease !important;
}

.article-summary.media a.galley-link.btn:hover,
.article-summary.media a.galley-link.btn:focus {
  border-color: var(--jieed-dark, #223c89) !important;
  background: var(--jieed-dark, #223c89) !important;
  color: #ffffff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(34, 60, 137, 0.16) !important;
}

/* OJS outputs view/download counts as bare text around Glyphicon icons. */
.article-summary.media .glyphicon {
  margin: 0 4px 0 12px !important;
  color: var(--jieed-primary, #2f53a2) !important;
  font-size: 12px !important;
  vertical-align: baseline !important;
}

.article-summary.media .glyphicon-signal {
  margin-left: 0 !important;
}

/* DOI as a neat, readable footer, even when OJS repositions the node. */
.article-summary.media .doiInSummary {
  display: block !important;
  margin: 10px 0 0 !important;
  padding: 9px 0 0 !important;
  border-top: 1px solid #e9eff7 !important;
  background: transparent !important;
  color: #5e6d83 !important;
  font-size: 12px !important;
  line-height: 1.55 !important;
  overflow-wrap: anywhere !important;
}

.article-summary.media .doiInSummary strong {
  margin-right: 4px !important;
  color: #465975 !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
}

.article-summary.media .doiInSummary a {
  color: var(--jieed-link, #304db2) !important;
  font-size: inherit !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
  overflow-wrap: anywhere !important;
}

.article-summary.media .doiInSummary a:hover,
.article-summary.media .doiInSummary a:focus {
  color: var(--jieed-dark, #223c89) !important;
  text-decoration: underline !important;
  text-underline-offset: 3px !important;
}

/* Proper spacing and tap targets on smaller screens. */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  #main-content div.page-header,
  .pkp_structure_main div.page-header {
    margin-top: 8px !important;
    margin-bottom: 8px !important;
    padding-bottom: 6px !important;
  }

  #main-content div.page-header > h2 > small,
  .pkp_structure_main div.page-header > h2 > small {
    font-size: 19px !important;
  }

  .article-summary.media {
    padding: 14px 15px !important;
    margin-bottom: 9px !important;
  }

  .article-summary.media h3.media-heading {
    font-size: 16px !important;
  }

  .article-summary.media .meta {
    padding: 8px 10px !important;
  }

  .article-summary.media .btn-group {
    margin-left: 8px !important;
  }
}


/* ==========================================================================
   JIEEd — COMPACT PREMIUM FOOTER (BOOTSTRAP OJS 3)
   Scope: <footer class="footer" role="contentinfo">.
   Keeps the Statcounter widget/link; follows the existing stylesheet's choice
   to hide the optional OJS/PKP brand graphic without creating tall whitespace.
   ========================================================================== */

footer.footer[role="contentinfo"] {
  min-height: 0 !important;
  margin: 17px 0 0 !important;
  padding: 11px 0 !important;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(216, 228, 244, .30) !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
  line-height: 1.35 !important;
}

footer.footer[role="contentinfo"] > .container {
  width: min(1440px, calc(100% - 48px)) !important;
  max-width: 1440px !important;
  min-height: 0 !important;
  margin: 0 auto !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
}

footer.footer[role="contentinfo"] > .container > .row {
  display: flex !important;
  align-items: center !important;
  justify-content: space-between !important;
  flex-wrap: wrap !important;
  gap: 5px 14px !important;
  min-height: 0 !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
}

footer.footer[role="contentinfo"] > .container > .row > .col-md-10,
footer.footer[role="contentinfo"] > .container > .row > .col-md-2 {
  position: static !important;
  float: none !important;
  width: auto !important;
  min-height: 0 !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
}

footer.footer[role="contentinfo"] > .container > .row > .col-md-10 {
  flex: 1 1 250px !important;
  min-width: 0 !important;
}

footer.footer[role="contentinfo"] > .container > .row > .col-md-2[role="complementary"] {
  flex: 0 0 auto !important;
}

footer.footer[role="contentinfo"] p,
footer.footer[role="contentinfo"] .col-md-10 p {
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  font-size: 11.5px !important;
  font-weight: 500 !important;
  line-height: 1.45 !important;
}

footer.footer[role="contentinfo"] a {
  font-size: 11.5px !important;
  line-height: 1.45 !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
  text-underline-offset: 3px !important;
}

footer.footer[role="contentinfo"] a:hover,
footer.footer[role="contentinfo"] a:focus-visible {
  text-decoration: underline !important;
}

/* Limit any visible Statcounter graphic without disabling its analytics. */
footer.footer[role="contentinfo"] .statcounter,
footer.footer[role="contentinfo"] a .statcounter {
  max-width: 100% !important;
  vertical-align: middle !important;
}

footer.footer[role="contentinfo"] img.statcounter {
  width: auto !important;
  max-height: 22px !important;
}

/* If the brand graphic is enabled later, keep it discreet. Existing logo-
   hiding rules elsewhere in this CSS still take precedence where applicable. */
footer.footer[role="contentinfo"] .col-md-2 img.img-responsive {
  width: auto !important;
  max-width: 76px !important;
  max-height: 22px !important;
  object-fit: contain !important;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  footer.footer[role="contentinfo"] {
    margin-top: 13px !important;
    padding: 9px 0 !important;
  }

  footer.footer[role="contentinfo"] > .container {
    width: calc(100% - 24px) !important;
  }

  footer.footer[role="contentinfo"] > .container > .row {
    align-items: flex-start !important;
    gap: 5px 10px !important;
  }

  footer.footer[role="contentinfo"] > .container > .row > .col-md-10 {
    flex-basis: 100% !important;
  }
}

/* ===========================================================================
   JIEEd 2026 — PREMIUM ARTICLE DETAILS + COMPACT CURRENT ISSUE HEADING
   Final, deliberately scoped overrides for OJS 3/Bootstrap article summaries.
   Keeps navigation, Statcounter, footer and existing issue gallery functional.
   =========================================================================== */

/* 1. The actual OJS <header> element, not just older <div> page headers.
   Compact specifically the Current Issue heading; do not revive the hidden
   announcements heading or alter page title hierarchies elsewhere. */
#main-content > section.current_issue > header.page-header,
#main-content section.current_issue > header.page-header,
section.current_issue > header.page-header,
.current_issue > header.page-header {
  margin: 2px 0 7px !important;
  padding: 0 0 6px !important;
  min-height: 0 !important;
  border: 0 !important;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #dce7f5 !important;
  background: transparent !important;
  box-shadow: none !important;
}

#main-content > section.current_issue > header.page-header > h2,
#main-content section.current_issue > header.page-header > h2,
section.current_issue > header.page-header > h2,
.current_issue > header.page-header > h2 {
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  border: 0 !important;
  color: #264a91 !important;
  font-size: 17px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  letter-spacing: -.012em !important;
  line-height: 1.25 !important;
}

/* Remove extra spacing before current issue content. */
section.current_issue > header.page-header + *,
.current_issue > header.page-header + * {
  margin-top: 0 !important;
}

/* 2. Full-width Bootstrap article cards; editorial blue/cyan palette. */
.article-summary.media {
  margin: 0 0 10px !important;
  padding: 16px 18px !important;
  border: 1px solid #dce7f4 !important;
  border-left: 1px solid #dce7f4 !important;
  border-radius: 10px !important;
  background: linear-gradient(115deg, #fff 0%, #fff 83%, #f8fbff 100%) !important;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 16px rgba(38, 74, 145, .055) !important;
  transition: background .2s ease, border-color .2s ease, box-shadow .2s ease !important;
}

.article-summary.media:hover,
.article-summary.media:focus-within {
  border-color: #aac5e9 !important;
  border-left-color: #aac5e9 !important;
  background: #fbfdff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(38, 74, 145, .10) !important;
}

.article-summary.media .media-body {
  color: #50657e !important;
  font-size: 12.5px !important;
  font-weight: 500 !important;
  line-height: 1.65 !important;
}

/* Title has priority in the visual hierarchy. */
.article-summary.media h3.media-heading {
  margin: 0 0 10px !important;
  padding: 0 0 1px !important;
  border: 0 !important;
  color: #203f82 !important;
  font-size: 18px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.42 !important;
  letter-spacing: -.016em !important;
}

.article-summary.media h3.media-heading a {
  color: #203f82 !important;
  font-size: inherit !important;
  font-weight: inherit !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
  text-underline-offset: 3px !important;
}
.article-summary.media h3.media-heading a:hover,
.article-summary.media h3.media-heading a:focus-visible {
  color: #116c94 !important;
  text-decoration: underline !important;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px !important;
}

/* Author names stand out while affiliations remain quiet and readable.
   The existing HTML uses <br> per author; preserve that semantic structure. */
.article-summary.media .meta {
  margin: 0 0 9px !important;
  padding: 9px 12px !important;
  border: 1px solid #e0edf8 !important;
  border-left: 1px solid #e0edf8 !important;
  border-radius: 7px !important;
  background: linear-gradient(100deg, #f2f8ff, #fbfdff) !important;
}
.article-summary.media .meta .authors {
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  color: #596e83 !important;
  font-size: 12.6px !important;
  font-weight: 400 !important;
  line-height: 1.72 !important;
}
.article-summary.media .meta .authors b,
.article-summary.media .meta .authors strong {
  color: #274b87 !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
}
.article-summary.media .meta .authors br:last-child {
  display: none !important;
}

/* Short page-range badge. Text content comes from OJS. */
.article-summary.media p.pages {
  display: inline-block !important;
  width: auto !important;
  margin: 0 0 8px !important;
  padding: 4px 9px !important;
  border: 1px solid #d9e6f6 !important;
  border-radius: 6px !important;
  background: #edf4fd !important;
  color: #315886 !important;
  font-size: 11.5px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.25 !important;
  letter-spacing: .005em !important;
}

/* Premium PDF action with a restrained gradient and download glyph. */
.article-summary.media .btn-group {
  display: inline-flex !important;
  align-items: center !important;
  margin: 0 0 8px 8px !important;
  float: none !important;
  vertical-align: middle !important;
}
.article-summary.media a.galley-link.btn,
.article-summary.media a.galley-link.btn.btn-primary.pdf {
  display: inline-flex !important;
  justify-content: center !important;
  align-items: center !important;
  min-width: 66px !important;
  min-height: 29px !important;
  padding: 6px 12px !important;
  border: 1px solid #274d98 !important;
  border-radius: 6px !important;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #3565b9 0%, #234789 100%) !important;
  box-shadow: 0 3px 9px rgba(35, 71, 137, .17) !important;
  color: #fff !important;
  font-size: 11.5px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.2 !important;
  letter-spacing: .035em !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
  text-transform: uppercase !important;
}
.article-summary.media a.galley-link.btn.pdf::before {
  content: "\2193" !important;
  display: inline-block !important;
  margin-right: 6px !important;
  color: #e6f1ff !important;
  font-size: 13px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1 !important;
}
.article-summary.media a.galley-link.btn:hover,
.article-summary.media a.galley-link.btn:focus-visible {
  border-color: #19386f !important;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #264e98, #17356c) !important;
  box-shadow: 0 5px 12px rgba(35, 71, 137, .23) !important;
  color: #fff !important;
}

/* OJS renders the view/download counts as text, not as separate spans.
   Style the common text on .media-body and each distinct statistics icon. */
.article-summary.media .glyphicon {
  display: inline-flex !important;
  align-items: center !important;
  justify-content: center !important;
  width: 23px !important;
  height: 23px !important;
  margin: 3px 5px 3px 11px !important;
  border: 1px solid #d9ebf2 !important;
  border-radius: 6px !important;
  background: #edf9fc !important;
  color: #097f98 !important;
  font-size: 11px !important;
  line-height: 1 !important;
  vertical-align: middle !important;
}
.article-summary.media .glyphicon-signal {
  margin-left: 0 !important;
}
.article-summary.media .glyphicon-download-alt {
  border-color: #e0e3f8 !important;
  background: #f1f2ff !important;
  color: #5a55a6 !important;
}

/* DOI is legible whether OJS moves it below the title or leaves it below
   the article body. Long DOI URLs can break naturally on small screens. */
.article-summary.media .doiInSummary,
.article-summary.media .doi {
  display: block !important;
  width: fit-content !important;
  max-width: 100% !important;
  margin: 7px 0 11px !important;
  padding: 7px 10px !important;
  border: 1px solid #d9eaf0 !important;
  border-left: 1px solid #d9eaf0 !important;
  border-radius: 6px !important;
  background: #f2fafc !important;
  color: #36596d !important;
  font-size: 12px !important;
  line-height: 1.5 !important;
  overflow-wrap: anywhere !important;
  word-break: break-word !important;
}
.article-summary.media .doiInSummary strong,
.article-summary.media .doi strong {
  margin-right: 5px !important;
  color: #176d84 !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
}
.article-summary.media .doiInSummary a,
.article-summary.media .doi a {
  color: #176993 !important;
  font-size: inherit !important;
  font-weight: 600 !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
  overflow-wrap: anywhere !important;
}
.article-summary.media .doiInSummary a:hover,
.article-summary.media .doiInSummary a:focus-visible,
.article-summary.media .doi a:hover,
.article-summary.media .doi a:focus-visible {
  color: #204587 !important;
  text-decoration: underline !important;
}

/* 3. Existing native OJS issue gallery: upgrade presentation, not layout.
   The earlier 2-column cards remain exactly as configured. */
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li {
  border-color: #dce7f4 !important;
  background: linear-gradient(125deg, #ffffff 0%, #fbfdff 100%) !important;
}
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li::before {
  width: 4px !important;
  background: linear-gradient(180deg, #315aab 0%, #63accb 100%) !important;
}
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .obj_article_summary .title {
  color: #244686 !important;
  font-size: 15.2px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.38 !important;
}
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .obj_article_summary .title a {
  color: #244686 !important;
}
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .obj_article_summary .title a:hover,
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .obj_article_summary .title a:focus-visible {
  color: #116c94 !important;
}
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .obj_article_summary .authors {
  color: #586c83 !important;
  font-size: 12px !important;
  line-height: 1.52 !important;
}
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .obj_article_summary .authors b,
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .obj_article_summary .authors strong {
  color: #294e8d !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
}
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .obj_article_summary .pages,
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .obj_article_summary .published,
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .obj_article_summary .meta,
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .obj_article_summary .doi,
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .obj_article_summary .stats {
  color: #536d89 !important;
  font-size: 11.2px !important;
  line-height: 1.45 !important;
}
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .obj_galley_link,
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .galleys_links a {
  min-height: 27px !important;
  padding: 5px 10px !important;
  border: 1px solid #3158a6 !important;
  border-radius: 6px !important;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #3565b9, #234789) !important;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(35, 71, 137, .13) !important;
  color: #fff !important;
  font-size: 10.5px !important;
  letter-spacing: .025em !important;
}
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .obj_galley_link:hover,
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .galleys_links a:hover {
  border-color: #19386f !important;
  background: #19386f !important;
}

/* 4. Narrow screens: compact, readable, never force horizontal scrolling. */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  #main-content > section.current_issue > header.page-header,
  section.current_issue > header.page-header,
  .current_issue > header.page-header {
    margin: 1px 0 6px !important;
    padding-bottom: 5px !important;
  }
  #main-content > section.current_issue > header.page-header > h2,
  section.current_issue > header.page-header > h2,
  .current_issue > header.page-header > h2 {
    font-size: 16px !important;
  }
  .article-summary.media {
    padding: 13px 14px !important;
    margin-bottom: 9px !important;
  }
  .article-summary.media h3.media-heading {
    font-size: 16.5px !important;
  }
  .article-summary.media .meta {
    padding: 8px 10px !important;
  }
  .article-summary.media .meta .authors {
    font-size: 12.3px !important;
  }
  .article-summary.media .doiInSummary,
  .article-summary.media .doi {
    width: 100% !important;
  }
  .article-summary.media .glyphicon {
    margin-right: 4px !important;
    margin-left: 6px !important;
  }
  .article-summary.media .glyphicon-signal {
    margin-left: 0 !important;
  }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .article-summary.media,
  .article-summary.media a.galley-link.btn {
    transition: none !important;
  }
}

/* ============================================================================
   JIEEd 2026 | PREMIUM ISSUE ARCHIVE CARDS
   Scope: OJS 3 Bootstrap markup .issue-summary.media
   Keeps the existing editorial palette, navigation and Current Issue intact.
   ============================================================================ */

/* Give archive entries enough horizontal room for long geographic and
   institutional descriptions; prevent narrow two-column cards. */
.page_issue_archive .issues_archive,
.page_issue_archive ul.issues_archive {
  display: grid !important;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(min(100%, 520px), 1fr)) !important;
  gap: 14px !important;
  align-items: stretch !important;
}
.page_issue_archive .issues_archive > li,
.page_issue_archive ul.issues_archive > li {
  min-width: 0 !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
}

/* Cohesive, refined editorial card. */
.issue-summary.media {
  position: relative !important;
  display: flex !important;
  align-items: flex-start !important;
  gap: 18px !important;
  width: 100% !important;
  min-width: 0 !important;
  height: 100% !important;
  margin: 0 0 14px !important;
  padding: 19px 20px !important;
  border: 1px solid #dce6f3 !important;
  border-left: 4px solid #365eaf !important;
  border-radius: 12px !important;
  background: linear-gradient(125deg, #ffffff 0%, #fbfdff 67%, #f6faff 100%) !important;
  box-shadow: 0 5px 19px rgba(35, 62, 125, .065) !important;
  overflow: hidden !important;
  transition: border-color .2s ease, box-shadow .2s ease,
              background-color .2s ease !important;
}
.issue-summary.media:hover,
.issue-summary.media:focus-within {
  border-color: #c3d6ed !important;
  border-left-color: #1c79a1 !important;
  background: linear-gradient(125deg, #ffffff 0%, #f8fbff 100%) !important;
  box-shadow: 0 9px 26px rgba(35, 62, 125, .11) !important;
}
.page_issue_archive .issues_archive .issue-summary.media {
  margin: 0 !important;
}

/* Journal cover: no aggressive cropping, restrained depth and soft framing. */
.issue-summary.media > .media-left {
  display: block !important;
  flex: 0 0 122px !important;
  width: 122px !important;
  min-width: 0 !important;
  max-width: 122px !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
}
.issue-summary.media > .media-left > a.cover {
  display: block !important;
  width: 100% !important;
  padding: 5px !important;
  border: 1px solid #dbe5f3 !important;
  border-radius: 9px !important;
  background: #fff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 7px 17px rgba(35, 62, 125, .12) !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
  transition: box-shadow .2s ease, border-color .2s ease !important;
}
.issue-summary.media > .media-left > a.cover:hover,
.issue-summary.media > .media-left > a.cover:focus-visible {
  border-color: #8dadde !important;
  box-shadow: 0 9px 23px rgba(35, 62, 125, .18) !important;
}
.issue-summary.media > .media-left > a.cover > img.media-object {
  display: block !important;
  width: 100% !important;
  height: auto !important;
  max-height: 177px !important;
  margin: 0 auto !important;
  object-fit: contain !important;
  border-radius: 5px !important;
  background: #fff !important;
}

/* Volume / issue title: clear hierarchy without oversized typography. */
.issue-summary.media > .media-body {
  display: block !important;
  flex: 1 1 0 !important;
  width: auto !important;
  min-width: 0 !important;
  max-width: 100% !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  overflow: visible !important;
}
.issue-summary.media > .media-body > h2.media-heading {
  display: block !important;
  margin: 0 0 10px !important;
  padding: 0 0 8px !important;
  border: 0 !important;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #dce7f5 !important;
  color: #254b91 !important;
  font-size: 19px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: 1.28 !important;
  letter-spacing: -.015em !important;
}
.issue-summary.media > .media-body > h2.media-heading > a.title {
  color: #254b91 !important;
  font-size: inherit !important;
  font-weight: inherit !important;
  line-height: inherit !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
  overflow-wrap: anywhere !important;
}
.issue-summary.media > .media-body > h2.media-heading > a.title:hover,
.issue-summary.media > .media-body > h2.media-heading > a.title:focus-visible {
  color: #146d99 !important;
  text-decoration: underline !important;
  text-decoration-color: #b5d4e7 !important;
  text-underline-offset: 3px !important;
}

/* Issue metadata stays readable even when the original OJS markup is a single
   paragraph containing <strong>, <br> and flags. No content is hidden. */
.issue-summary.media .description {
  display: block !important;
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 10px 12px !important;
  border: 1px solid #e1eaf5 !important;
  border-radius: 8px !important;
  background: #f7faff !important;
  color: #4c5e75 !important;
  overflow-wrap: anywhere !important;
}
.issue-summary.media .description p,
.issue-summary.media .description p:last-child {
  margin: 0 !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  color: #4c5e75 !important;
  font-size: 12.7px !important;
  font-weight: 400 !important;
  line-height: 1.9 !important;
  text-align: left !important;
  overflow-wrap: anywhere !important;
}
.issue-summary.media .description strong,
.issue-summary.media .description b {
  display: inline !important;
  padding: 2px 5px !important;
  border-radius: 4px !important;
  background: #e7f0fc !important;
  color: #244e91 !important;
  font-size: 12px !important;
  font-weight: 700 !important;
  line-height: inherit !important;
  box-decoration-break: clone;
  -webkit-box-decoration-break: clone;
}
/* Consistent flags, not excessively large inline thumbnails. */
.issue-summary.media .description img[src*="flagcdn.com"] {
  display: inline-block !important;
  width: 22px !important;
  height: 15px !important;
  max-width: none !important;
  margin: 0 3px 0 7px !important;
  padding: 0 !important;
  border: 1px solid rgba(36, 78, 145, .15) !important;
  border-radius: 3px !important;
  background: #fff !important;
  box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(31, 57, 107, .09) !important;
  object-fit: cover !important;
  vertical-align: -2px !important;
}
.issue-summary.media .description a {
  color: #25549f !important;
  font-weight: 600 !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
}
.issue-summary.media .description a:hover,
.issue-summary.media .description a:focus-visible {
  color: #116d99 !important;
  text-decoration: underline !important;
}

/* Mobile: full-width text, balanced cover and comfortable tap targets. */
@media (max-width: 680px) {
  .issue-summary.media {
    gap: 13px !important;
    padding: 14px !important;
  }
  .issue-summary.media > .media-left {
    flex-basis: 95px !important;
    width: 95px !important;
    max-width: 95px !important;
  }
  .issue-summary.media > .media-body > h2.media-heading {
    font-size: 17px !important;
    margin-bottom: 8px !important;
    padding-bottom: 7px !important;
  }
  .issue-summary.media .description {
    padding: 8px 9px !important;
  }
  .issue-summary.media .description p {
    font-size: 12.3px !important;
    line-height: 1.8 !important;
  }
}
@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .issue-summary.media {
    flex-direction: column !important;
    align-items: stretch !important;
    gap: 12px !important;
    padding: 14px !important;
  }
  .issue-summary.media > .media-left {
    align-self: center !important;
    flex: 0 0 auto !important;
    width: 104px !important;
    max-width: 104px !important;
  }
  .issue-summary.media > .media-body {
    width: 100% !important;
  }
  .issue-summary.media > .media-body > h2.media-heading {
    text-align: center !important;
  }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .issue-summary.media,
  .issue-summary.media > .media-left > a.cover {
    transition: none !important;
  }
}
@media print {
  .issue-summary.media,
  .issue-summary.media > .media-left > a.cover {
    box-shadow: none !important;
  }
}


/* ==========================================================================
   JIEEd 2026 — SOFT HIGHLIGHT ARTICLE CARDS (NO LEFT COLORED STRIPE)
   Overrides only .article-summary.media, leaving issue archive, navigation,
   current issue heading, article metrics, PDF link and footer untouched.
   ========================================================================== */

/* A full-surface editorial highlight replaces the former blue vertical bar. */
.article-summary.media {
  border: 1px solid #dce6f2 !important;
  border-left: 1px solid #dce6f2 !important;
  border-radius: 11px !important;
  background: linear-gradient(115deg,
    #ffffff 0%, #ffffff 44%, #fbfdff 76%, #f5f9ff 100%) !important;
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.95),
    0 4px 15px rgba(33,62,117,.055) !important;
  transition: border-color .22s ease, box-shadow .22s ease,
    background .22s ease, transform .22s ease !important;
}

.article-summary.media:hover,
.article-summary.media:focus-within {
  border-color: #bbd1e9 !important;
  border-left-color: #bbd1e9 !important;
  background: radial-gradient(ellipse at 97% 4%,
      rgba(180,214,251,.26) 0%, transparent 48%),
    linear-gradient(115deg, #ffffff 0%, #f9fcff 69%, #f1f7ff 100%) !important;
  box-shadow: 0 9px 27px rgba(38,74,145,.10),
    inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.98) !important;
  transform: translateY(-1px) !important;
}

/* Text highlight, rather than a strip beside the entire card. */
.article-summary.media h3.media-heading {
  margin-bottom: 9px !important;
  color: #214485 !important;
}
.article-summary.media h3.media-heading a {
  color: #214485 !important;
  background-image: linear-gradient(to top,
    rgba(179,212,247,.19) 0%, rgba(179,212,247,.19) 19%,
    transparent 19%, transparent 100%) !important;
  -webkit-box-decoration-break: clone;
  box-decoration-break: clone;
  transition: color .18s ease, background-image .18s ease !important;
}
.article-summary.media h3.media-heading a:hover,
.article-summary.media h3.media-heading a:focus-visible {
  color: #164a91 !important;
  background-image: linear-gradient(to top,
    rgba(134,189,247,.36) 0%, rgba(134,189,247,.36) 28%,
    transparent 28%, transparent 100%) !important;
  text-decoration: none !important;
}

/* Authors become a subdued tonal panel with no bright vertical border. */
.article-summary.media .meta {
  border: 1px solid #e3eaf4 !important;
  border-left: 1px solid #e3eaf4 !important;
  border-radius: 8px !important;
  background: linear-gradient(105deg,#f4f8fd 0%,#f9fbfe 100%) !important;
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.92) !important;
}
.article-summary.media .meta .authors {
  color: #5a6e82 !important;
}
.article-summary.media .meta .authors b,
.article-summary.media .meta .authors strong {
  color: #294b82 !important;
}

/* DOI receives a cool soft highlight, not a colored left border. */
.article-summary.media .doiInSummary,
.article-summary.media .doi {
  border: 1px solid #dcebef !important;
  border-left: 1px solid #dcebef !important;
  border-radius: 7px !important;
  background: linear-gradient(105deg,#f2fafb 0%,#f7fcff 100%) !important;
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.80) !important;
}

/* Give compact page and statistic details a consistent tonal emphasis. */
.article-summary.media p.pages {
  border-color: #dfe8f5 !important;
  background: #f0f5fc !important;
}
.article-summary.media .glyphicon {
  box-shadow: inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.8) !important;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .article-summary.media {
    padding: 13px 14px !important;
    border-radius: 9px !important;
  }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .article-summary.media {
    transition: none !important;
  }
  .article-summary.media:hover,
  .article-summary.media:focus-within {
    transform: none !important;
  }
}
@media print {
  .article-summary.media {
    background: #fff !important;
    box-shadow: none !important;
  }
}


/* Match OJS native article gallery: remove the other legacy left stripe. */
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li::before {
  content: none !important;
  display: none !important;
  background: none !important;
}
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li {
  border: 1px solid #dce6f2 !important;
  background: linear-gradient(120deg, #fff 0%, #fff 62%, #f7faff 100%) !important;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(33,62,117,.055) !important;
}
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li:hover,
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li:focus-within {
  border-color: #bbd1e9 !important;
  background: radial-gradient(ellipse at 95% 8%,rgba(180,214,251,.24),transparent 50%),
    linear-gradient(120deg,#fff,#f6faff) !important;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 22px rgba(38,74,145,.095) !important;
}

/* ============================================================================
   JIEEd | PREMIUM BLUE + CHAMPAGNE SOFT HIGHLIGHT
   Unified article and issue-archive treatment for OJS 3.
   Subtle full-card blue/golden glow replaces every colored left stripe.
   Keep this section LAST in the journal CSS to override earlier rules.
   ============================================================================ */

/* 1) SHARED ARTICLE & ISSUE HIGHLIGHT: flat left border; no colored side bar. */
.article-summary.media,
.issue-summary.media {
  border: 1px solid #c9dcf3 !important;
  border-left: 1px solid #c9dcf3 !important;
  border-radius: 12px !important;
  background:
    radial-gradient(ellipse 72% 120% at 100% 0%, rgba(166, 205, 255, .31) 0%, transparent 72%),
    radial-gradient(ellipse 57% 75% at 0% 100%, rgba(252, 225, 151, .15) 0%, transparent 77%),
    linear-gradient(118deg, #ffffff 5%, #f5f9ff 70%, #edf5ff 100%) !important;
  box-shadow:
    inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.96),
    0 5px 17px rgba(35, 74, 142, .085) !important;
  transition: background .22s ease, border-color .22s ease,
              box-shadow .22s ease, transform .22s ease !important;
}
.article-summary.media:hover,
.article-summary.media:focus-within,
.issue-summary.media:hover,
.issue-summary.media:focus-within {
  border-color: #91b9ed !important;
  border-left-color: #91b9ed !important;
  background:
    radial-gradient(ellipse 84% 125% at 100% 0%, rgba(142, 190, 250, .44) 0%, transparent 74%),
    radial-gradient(ellipse 62% 82% at 0% 100%, rgba(252, 221, 138, .24) 0%, transparent 79%),
    linear-gradient(118deg, #ffffff 0%, #edf5ff 67%, #e8f2ff 100%) !important;
  box-shadow:
    inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255,255,255,.98),
    0 11px 28px rgba(38, 76, 146, .15) !important;
  transform: translateY(-2px) !important;
}

/* 2) ARTICLE: clearer title highlight and elegant compact metadata. */
.article-summary.media h3.media-heading {
  margin-bottom: 9px !important;
  color: #1d3f7b !important;
}
.article-summary.media h3.media-heading a {
  color: #1d3f7b !important;
  background-image: linear-gradient(to top,
     rgba(135, 186, 250, .38) 0%,
     rgba(135, 186, 250, .38) 26%,
     transparent 26%, transparent 100%) !important;
  -webkit-box-decoration-break: clone;
  box-decoration-break: clone;
}
.article-summary.media h3.media-heading a:hover,
.article-summary.media h3.media-heading a:focus-visible {
  color: #173b7a !important;
  background-image: linear-gradient(to top,
     rgba(106, 164, 243, .55) 0%,
     rgba(106, 164, 243, .55) 34%,
     transparent 34%, transparent 100%) !important;
}
.article-summary.media .meta {
  border: 1px solid #d7e5f7 !important;
  border-left: 1px solid #d7e5f7 !important;
  border-radius: 9px !important;
  background: linear-gradient(105deg,
     rgba(231, 241, 255, .94) 0%,
     rgba(246, 250, 255, .93) 100%) !important;
}
.article-summary.media .meta .authors b,
.article-summary.media .meta .authors strong {
  color: #234782 !important;
}
.article-summary.media p.pages {
  color: #294f83 !important;
  border: 1px solid #d6e4f8 !important;
  background: #e8f2ff !important;
}
.article-summary.media .doiInSummary,
.article-summary.media .doi {
  border: 1px solid #cae7ed !important;
  border-left: 1px solid #cae7ed !important;
  background: linear-gradient(105deg, #e8f8fb 0%, #f3fbff 100%) !important;
}

/* 3) NATIVE OJS ARTICLE GRID: highlight entire tile, never draw a left marker. */
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li::before,
.page_index_journal .current_issue .obj_issue_toc ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li::before,
.current_issue .obj_issue_toc ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li::before {
  content: none !important;
  display: none !important;
}
.page_index_journal .current_issue .obj_issue_toc ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li,
.current_issue .obj_issue_toc ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li,
.obj_issue_toc ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li,
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li {
  border: 1px solid #c9dcf3 !important;
  border-left: 1px solid #c9dcf3 !important;
  border-radius: 12px !important;
  background:
    radial-gradient(ellipse at 100% 0%, rgba(163, 205, 255, .28), transparent 67%),
    linear-gradient(120deg, #fff 0%, #f5f9ff 73%, #eff6ff 100%) !important;
  box-shadow: 0 5px 17px rgba(35, 74, 142, .08) !important;
  transition: border-color .22s ease, background .22s ease,
              box-shadow .22s ease, transform .22s ease !important;
}
.page_index_journal .current_issue .obj_issue_toc ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li:hover,
.current_issue .obj_issue_toc ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li:hover,
.obj_issue_toc ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li:hover,
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li:hover,
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li:focus-within {
  border-color: #91b9ed !important;
  background:
    radial-gradient(ellipse at 100% 0%, rgba(146, 194, 250, .42), transparent 73%),
    radial-gradient(ellipse at 0% 100%, rgba(252, 225, 151, .17), transparent 65%),
    linear-gradient(120deg, #fff 0%, #eaf4ff 100%) !important;
  box-shadow: 0 10px 24px rgba(38, 76, 146, .14) !important;
  transform: translateY(-2px) !important;
}
ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li .obj_article_summary .title a {
  color: #234782 !important;
  background-image: linear-gradient(to top, rgba(135,186,250,.28) 0 24%, transparent 24%) !important;
  -webkit-box-decoration-break: clone;
  box-decoration-break: clone;
}

/* 4) ISSUE ARCHIVES: matching highlight, no blue left list or cover edge. */
.issue-summary.media,
.page_issue_archive .issues_archive .issue-summary.media {
  border: 1px solid #c9dcf3 !important;
  border-left: 1px solid #c9dcf3 !important;
}
.page_issue_archive .issues_archive .issue-summary.media:hover,
.page_issue_archive .issues_archive .issue-summary.media:focus-within,
.page_issue_archive ul.issues_archive .issue-summary.media:hover,
.page_issue_archive ul.issues_archive .issue-summary.media:focus-within {
  border-color: #91b9ed !important;
  border-left-color: #91b9ed !important;
}
.issue-summary.media::before,
.page_issue_archive .issues_archive > li::before,
.page_issue_archive ul.issues_archive > li::before {
  content: none !important;
  display: none !important;
}
.page_issue_archive .issues_archive,
.page_issue_archive ul.issues_archive,
.page_issue_archive .issues_archive > li,
.page_issue_archive ul.issues_archive > li {
  list-style: none !important;
  list-style-image: none !important;
}
/* Uniform blue-tinted frame, no vertical accent next to issue cover. */
.issue-summary.media > .media-left > a.cover {
  border: 1px solid #c9def6 !important;
  background: linear-gradient(130deg, #fff 0%, #f1f7ff 100%) !important;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 21px rgba(35, 74, 142, .14) !important;
}
.issue-summary.media:hover > .media-left > a.cover,
.issue-summary.media:focus-within > .media-left > a.cover {
  border-color: #9cbeed !important;
  box-shadow: 0 11px 25px rgba(35, 74, 142, .20) !important;
}
.issue-summary.media > .media-body > h2.media-heading {
  border-bottom: 1px solid #cadcf3 !important;
  color: #1d3f7b !important;
}
.issue-summary.media > .media-body > h2.media-heading > a.title {
  color: #1d3f7b !important;
  background-image: linear-gradient(to top,
      rgba(135, 186, 250, .38) 0%,
      rgba(135, 186, 250, .38) 26%,
      transparent 26%) !important;
  -webkit-box-decoration-break: clone;
  box-decoration-break: clone;
  text-decoration: none !important;
}
.issue-summary.media > .media-body > h2.media-heading > a.title:hover,
.issue-summary.media > .media-body > h2.media-heading > a.title:focus-visible {
  color: #173b7a !important;
  background-image: linear-gradient(to top,
      rgba(106, 164, 243, .55) 0%,
      rgba(106, 164, 243, .55) 34%,
      transparent 34%) !important;
}
.issue-summary.media .description {
  border: 1px solid #d3e4f8 !important;
  border-left: 1px solid #d3e4f8 !important;
  background:
    linear-gradient(114deg,
      rgba(234, 244, 255, .96) 0%,
      rgba(247, 251, 255, .98) 74%,
      rgba(255, 250, 232, .85) 100%) !important;
}
.issue-summary.media .description strong,
.issue-summary.media .description b {
  background: #fff0cb !important;
  color: #2b4679 !important;
  border-radius: 4px !important;
}

/* 5) LEGACY OJS issue summary markup follows the same palette if present. */
.page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary {
  border: 1px solid #c9dcf3 !important;
  border-left: 1px solid #c9dcf3 !important;
  border-radius: 12px !important;
  background:
    radial-gradient(ellipse at 100% 0%, rgba(163,205,255,.28), transparent 68%),
    linear-gradient(120deg, #fff, #f3f9ff) !important;
  box-shadow: 0 5px 17px rgba(35, 74, 142, .08) !important;
  transition: border-color .22s ease, box-shadow .22s ease,
              transform .22s ease !important;
}
.page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary:hover,
.page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary:focus-within {
  border-color: #91b9ed !important;
  box-shadow: 0 10px 24px rgba(38,76,146,.14) !important;
  transform: translateY(-2px) !important;
}

/* 6) Accessibility / restrained mobile motion. */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .article-summary.media,
  .issue-summary.media,
  .page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary,
  ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li {
    border-radius: 10px !important;
  }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .article-summary.media:hover,
  .article-summary.media:focus-within,
  .issue-summary.media:hover,
  .issue-summary.media:focus-within,
  .page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary:hover,
  ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li:hover {
    transform: none !important;
  }
}
@media print {
  .article-summary.media,
  .issue-summary.media,
  .page_issue_archive .obj_issue_summary,
  ul.cmp_article_list.articles > li {
    background: #fff !important;
    box-shadow: none !important;
    transform: none !important;
  }
}