Cytotoxic Activity of Ethanol Extract in Namnam Leaves (cynometra cauliflora l.)  to Hela Cell

Syarah Anliza; Nurmeily Rachmawati

doi:10.21580/wjc.v4i2.7999

Cytotoxic Activity of Ethanol Extract in Namnam Leaves (cynometra cauliflora l.) to Hela Cell

* - Poltekkes Kemenkes Banten, Indonesia

- Poltekkes Kemenkes Banten, Indonesia

(*) Corresponding Author

DOI: 10.21580/wjc.v4i2.7999

Abstract
References
Licensing
How to cite

Cervical cancer is one of the most prominent death cases after breast cancer for a woman in Indonesia. Several treatments can be conducted to cure cancer such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, tumor surgery, and others. In addition, people can consume some medicines or natural substances that can suppress cancer growth. The natural substances contain active compounds that have the potential as anticancer. One of the natural substances used in this research is the Namnam leaves which grow in Southeast Asia. The purpose of this research was to determine the potential compounds in Namnam leaves extract by cytotoxic activity testing by using HeLa cells. The active compound in the Namnam leaves extract was obtained by using the maceration method with ethanol for 3x24 hours. The extract was then tested by BSLT method and proliferation by using HeLa cancer cells (ATCC CCL-2). The toxicity results showed that LC50 value was 125,89 μg/mL. This result indicated that the extract belongs to the moderate toxic category and has potential as an anticancer agent. Proliferation test in inhibiting of HeLa cancer cells used Microculture Tetrazolium Technique (MTT) method. The result showed that the extract with a concentration of 25 μg/mL could inhibit the proliferation of HeLa cancer cells by 57,51%.

Keywords: Cytotoxic activity; ethanol extract of Namnam leaves; HeLa cell

Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan (2018) ‘Laporan_Nasional_Riskesdas2018_FINAL.pdf’, Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, p. 198. Available at: http://labdata.litbang.kemkes.go.id/images/download/laporan/RKD/2018/Laporan_Nasional_RKD2018_FINAL.pdf.
Berridge, M. J. (2012) ‘Cell Signalling Biology Module 9: Cell Cycle and Proliferation’, Biochemical Journal, 9, pp. 1–42. doi: 10.1042/csb0001009.
Diba, M. F., Salni and Subandrate; (2019) ‘Uji Sitotoksik Ekstrak Dan Fraksi Dendrophtoe Pentandra (L) Miq Pada Sel T47D’, Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi, 22(3), pp. 73–78. Available at: https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/ksa/article/view/22075.
Fassy, F. et al. (2017) ‘In Vitro Characterization of VPS34 Lipid Kinase Inhibition by Small Molecules’, Methods in Enzymology, 587, pp. 447–464. doi: 10.1016/BS.MIE.2016.09.070.
Fitriana, S. D. (2019) Uji Aktivitas Antikanker Ekstrak dan Isolat Tanin Rumput banbu (Lophaterum gracile B.) yang Diembankan pada Zeolit NaX terhadap Sel Kanker Payudara T47D dengan Metode MTT. Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. Available at: http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/id/eprint/15249.
Ismiyati, D. A. (2015) ‘Pengaruh Konsentrasi Pelarut Pada Proses Ekstraksi Antosianin Dari Bunga Kembang Sepatu’, Konversi, 4(2), pp. 9–16.
Kemenkes (2019) Hari Kesehatan Nasional 2019. Available at: https://www.kemkes.go.id/article/view/19020100003/hari-kanker-sedunia-2019.html#:~:text=Hari%2520Kanker%2520Sedunia%2520diperingati%2520setiap%252tanggal%25204%2520Februari. (Accessed: 31 January 2019).
Kurniawan, Chandra; Siagian, Jonathan Willy ; Hutomo, S. (2016) ‘Sitotoksisitas Ekstrak Etanolik Curcuma Longa Pada Sel Hela, Studi In Vitro’, Berkala Ilmiah Kedokteran Duta Wacana, 1(3), pp. 165–172.
Lestari, D., Kartika, R. and Marliana, E. (2019) ‘UJI Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) Umbi Bawang Tiwai (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb) Dan Uji Toksisitas Akut Fraksi Aktif’, Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia, 1(1), pp. 1–10. doi: 10.33759/jrki.v1i1.43.
Maharani, T., Sukandar, D. and Hermanto, S. (2016) ‘Karakterisasi Senyawa Hasil Isolasi dari Ekstrak Etil Asetat Daun Namnam (Cynometra Cauliflora L.) yang Memiliki Aktivitas Antibakteri’, Jurnal Kimia VALENSI, 2(1), pp. 55–62. doi: 10.15408/jkv.v2i1.3084.
Manongko, P. S., Sangi, M. S. and Momuat, L. I. (2020) ‘Uji Senyawa Fitokimia dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Tanaman Patah Tulang (Euphorbia tirucalli L.)’, Jurnal MIPA, 9(2), p. 64. doi: 10.35799/jmuo.9.2.2020.28725.
Mshelia E.H., W. E. M., , Maigari, A. U. and , Yohanna Christopher., and Ismail, F. (2016) ‘Cytotoxicity And Antioxidant Activity Of Stem Bark Extracts Of A zanza garckeana (kola of Tula)’, 3(2).
Mulia, K., Endang Zainal Hasan, A. and Suryani (2016) ‘Current Biochemistry CURRENT BIOCHEMISTRY Total Phenolic, Anticancer and Antioxidant Activity of Ethanol Extract of Piper retrofractum Vahl from Pamekasan and Karang Asem’, Jl. Agatis Gd. Fapet Lt, 3(2), pp. 80–90. Available at: http://biokimia.ipb.ac.id.
Mutiah, R. (2017) ‘Studi Efikasi Dan Keamanan Ekstrak Akar Dan Daun Calotropis Gigantea Terhadap Sel Kanker Kolon Dan Sel Kanker Payudara Secara In Vitro’, Journal of Islamic Medicine, 1(2), pp. 67–75. doi: https://doi.org/10.18860/jim.v1i2.4455.
Nofita, N., Maria Ulfa, A. and Delima, M. (2021) ‘Uji Toksisitas Ekstrak Etanol Daun Jambu Biji Australia (Psidium Guajava L) Dengan Metode BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test)’, JFL: Jurnal Farmasi Lampung, 9(1), pp. 10–17. doi: 10.37090/jfl.v9i1.326.
Society, A. cancer (2020) American cancer society. Available at: https://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatments-and-side-effects/treatment-types/radiation/effects-on-different-parts-of-body.html (Accessed: 28 December 2020).
Sumarlin, L. O. et al. (2018) ‘Evaluasi In Vitro Kemampuan Penyerapan Glukosa oleh Ekstrak Daun Namnam (Cynometra cauliflora) pada Otot Diafragma Tikus’, Jurnal Kimia VALENSI, 4(1), pp. 67–74. doi: 10.15408/jkv.v4i1.7345.
Suraduhita, A. (2017) SITOTOKSISITAS EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN TAPAK DARA (Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don.) TERHADAP CELL LINE KANKER SERVIKS (hela) DAN CELL LINE KANKER PAYUDARA (MCF-7). Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta. doi: http://e-journal.uajy.ac.id/id/eprint/11903.
Tatiana, W. S. and Ria, S. (2020) ‘Uji aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode dpph dan uji sitotoksik terhadap sel kanker payudara t47d pada ekstrak daun kemangi’, Jurnal Farmasetis, 9(1), pp. 51–64.
Yudistira, A. (2017) ‘Cytotoxic Activity Test of Sesewanua Leaves Extract ( Clerodendron squmatum Vahl .) to Breast Cancer T47D Cell’, Pharmacon, 6(2), pp. 45–51. Available at: https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/index.php/pharmacon/article/view/16420.