Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Cendekia Karya Utama Semarang - Indonesia
Towards Customer Satisfaction: The Role of Customer Relationship Management, Service Quality, and Customer Perceptions
Orientation and focus on customer satisfaction is an important part of efforts to improve sustainable organizational performance. The Customer Relationship Management (CRM) strategy is part of an effort to find, collect, store information about customers and implement it in all parts of the organization so as to provide a unique experience for customers. However, most of the previous studies have focused on the effect of CRM on companies and few have reviewed CRM in the context of customer perceptions. Drawing based on congruity theory, this study aims to examine the effect of CRM on customer satisfaction through the mediating role of customer perceptions and service quality. Through random sampling, 87 data were obtained from customers who used the services of PT Jasco Logistics Semarang. Data was obtained using a questionnaire with the consent of the respondents. Then analyzed using Partial Least Square (PLS) with the Smart PLS 3.0 program application. The results of this study indicate that Customer Relationship Management (CRM) indirectly has a significant influence on customer satisfaction through service quality and perceived customer perceptions. It was also found that customer perception and service quality directly contribute significantly to customer satisfaction. However, service quality has a greater influence through customer perceptions. These findings provide significant insight for practitioners that in building a CRM strategy it must be able to provide a unique and valuable experience that is felt by customers, so that this will trigger satisfaction.
Keywords: Customer Relationship Management, customer perception, service quality, customer satisfaction
- Al-Gasawneh, J. A., Anuar, M. M., Dacko-Pikiewicz, Z., & Saputra, J. (2021). The impact of customer relationship management dimensions on service quality. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 23(2), 24–41. https://doi.org/10.17512/pjms.2021.23.2.02
- Alkhurshan, M., & Rjoub, H. (2020). The scope of an integrated analysis of trust, switching barriers, customer satisfaction, and loyalty. Journal of Competitiveness, 12(2), 5–21. https://doi.org/10.7441/joc.2020.02.01
- Berry, L. L. (1983). “Relationship marketing”, in Berry, L. L., Shostack,G. L. and Upah, G. D. (Eds.),. In Emerging Perspectives on Services Marketing. American Marketing Association.
- Besterfield, D. . (2003). Total Quality Management (Third). Pearson Educational International.
- Çerri, S. (2012). Exploring the Relationships among Service Quality, Satisfaction, Trust and Store Loyalty among Retail Customers. Journal of Competitiveness, 4(4), 16–35. https://doi.org/10.7441/joc.2012.04.02
- Chakrabarty, S., Whitten, D., & Green, K. (2007). Understanding service quality and relationship quality in is outsourcing: Client orientation and promotion, project management effectiveness, and the task-technology-structure fit. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 48(2), 1–15.
- Charles, T. (2013). Impact of Customer Relationship Management on Perceived Bank Performance in Oyo Town, Nigeria. International Business and Management, 6(2), 137–146. https://doi.org/10.3968/j.ibm.1923842820130602.1170
- Chen, W. J., & Chen, M. L. (2014). Factors Affecting the Hotel’s Service Quality: Relationship Marketing and Corporate Image. Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management, 23(1), 77–96. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2013.766581
- Churchill, Gilbert A.; Surprenant, C. (1982). An investigation into the determinants of customer satisfaction. Journal of Marketing Research, 19(4), 491–504. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378201900410
- Dam, S. M., & Dam, T. C. (2021). Relationships between Service Quality, Brand Image, Customer Satisfaction, and Customer Loyalty. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 8(3), 585–593. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2021.vol8.no3.0585
- Dowling, G. (2002). Customer Relationship Management: In B2C markets, often less is more. California Management Review, 44(3), 87–104. https://doi.org/10.2307/41166134
- Ghobadian, A., Speller, S., & Jones, M. (1994). Service Quality Concepts and Models. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 11(9), 43–66. https://doi.org/10.1108/02656719410074297
- Ghozali, Imam dan Latan, H. (2015). Partial Least Square Konsep Teknik Dan Aplikasi Menggunakan Program SmartPLS 3.0 (2nd ed.). UNDIP Press.
- Gurviez, P., & Korchia, M. (2003). Proposal for a Multidimensional Brand Trust Scale. 32nd Emac Conference – Glasgow. Marketing: Responsible And Relevant? 20 - 23rd May 2003, May, 1–23.
- Kim, B. Y. (2008). Mediated effects of customer orientation on customer relationship management performance. International Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Administration, 9(2), 192–218. https://doi.org/10.1080/15256480801909089
- Kim, W. G., Han, J. S., & Lee, E. (2001). Effects of Relationship Marketing on Repeat Purchase and Word of Mouth. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, 25(3), 272–288. https://doi.org/10.1177/109634800102500303
- King, S. F., & Burgess, T. F. (2008). Understanding success and failure in customer relationship management. Industrial Marketing Management, 37(4), 421–431. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2007.02.005
- Law, R., Fong, D. K. C., Chan, I. C. C., & Fong, L. H. N. (2018). Systematic review of hospitality CRM research. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 30(3), 1686–1704. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCHM-06-2017-0333
- Lebdaoui, H., & Chetioui, Y. (2020). CRM, service quality and organizational performance in the banking industry: a comparative study of conventional and Islamic banks. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 38(5), 1081–1106. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-09-2019-0344
- Lee, S., & Jeong, M. (2014). Enhancing online brand experiences: An application of congruity theory. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 40, 49–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2014.03.008
- Lewis, B. R. (1989). Quality in the service sector: A review. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 7(5), 4–12. https://doi.org/10.1108/02652328910134590
- Makasi, A., & Saruchera, F. (2014). The impact of operational customer relationship management on customer loyalty. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5(23), 291–301. https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n23p291
- Mbango, P. (2019). The role of perceived value in promoting customer satisfaction: Antecedents and consequences. Cogent Social Sciences, 5(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2019.1684229
- Mohammad, A. A., Rashid, B. Bin, & Tahir, S. Bin. (2013). Assessing the influence of customer relationship management (CRM) dimensions on organization performance: An emperical study in the hotel industry. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Technology, 4(3), 228–247. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHTT-01-2013-0002
- Munawar, F., Munawar, R., & Tarmidi, D. (2021). The Effect Of Service Delivery Performance And Value Congruity On Customer Trust And Its Impact On Loyalty In Logistic Service Provider. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education, 12(8), 1077–1087.
- Nguyen, H. T., Nguyen, H., Nguyen, N. D., & Phan, A. C. (2018). Determinants of customer satisfaction and loyalty in Vietnamese life-insurance setting. Sustainability (Switzerland), 10(4), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10041151
- Nguyen, T. U. H., Sherif, J. S., & Newby, M. (2007). Strategies for successful CRM implementation. Information Management and Computer Security, 15(2), 102–115. https://doi.org/10.1108/09685220710748001
- Otto, A. S., Szymanski, D. M., & Varadarajan, R. (2020). Customer satisfaction and firm performance: insights from over a quarter century of empirical research. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 48(3), 543–564. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-019-00657-7
- Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V. A., & Berry, L. L. (1988). SERVQUAL: A multiple-item scale for measuring consumer perceptions of service quality. Journal of Retailing, 64(1), 12–40.
- Pelham, A. M. (2009). An exploratory study of the influence of firm market orientation on salesperson adaptive selling, customer orientation, interpersonal listening in personal selling and salesperson consulting behaviors. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 17(1), 21–39. https://doi.org/10.1080/09652540802619202
- Pelham, A. M., & Kravitz, P. (2008). An exploratory study of the influence of sales training content and salesperson evaluation on salesperson adaptive selling, customer orientation, listening, and consulting behaviors. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 16(5), 413–435. https://doi.org/10.1080/09652540802480837
- Putro, R. N. C. A., & Rachmat, B. (2019). Effect of Brand Image and Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty At Bank Jatim Syariah Surabaya. Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic Sciences, 87(3), 152–165. https://doi.org/10.18551/rjoas.2019-03.19
- Rafiki, A., Hidayat, S. E., & Al Abdul Razzaq, D. (2019). CRM and organizational performance: A survey on telecommunication companies in Kuwait. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 27(1), 187–205. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-11-2017-1276
- Rahimi, R. (2017). Organizational Culture and Customer Relationship Management: A Simple Linear Regression Analysis. Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management, 26(4), 443–449. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2017.1254579
- Ramani, G., & Kumar, V. (2008). Interaction orientation and firm performance. Journal of Marketing, 72(1), 27–45. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.72.1.27
- Samudro, A., Sumarwan, U., Simanjuntak, M., & Yusuf, E. Z. (2020). Assessing the effects of perceived quality and perceived value on customer satisfaction. Management Science Letters, 10(5), 1077–1084. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2019.11.001
- Simanjuntak, M., Putri, N. E., Yuliati, L. N., & Sabri, M. F. (2020). Enhancing customer retention using customer relationship management approach in car loan bussiness. Cogent Business and Management, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2020.1738200
- Sin, L. Y. M., Tse, A. C. B., & Yim, F. H. K. (2005). CRM: Conceptualization and scale development. European Journal of Marketing, 39(11–12), 1264–1290. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090560510623253
- Sirgy, M. J., Lee, D. J., Johar, J. S., & Tidwell, J. (2008). Effect of self-congruity with sponsorship on brand loyalty. Journal of Business Research, 61(10), 1091–1097. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2007.09.022
- Sivadas, E., & Baker-Prewitt, J. L. (2000). An examination of the relationship between service quality, customer satisfaction, and store loyalty. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 28(2), 73–82. https://doi.org/10.1108/09590550010315223
- Sofi, M. R., Bashir, I., Parry, M. A., & Dar, A. (2020). The effect of customer relationship management (CRM) dimensions on hotel customer’s satisfaction in Kashmir. International Journal of Tourism Cities, 6(3), 601–620. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJTC-06-2019-0075
- Soltani, Z., & Navimipour, N. J. (2016). Customer relationship management mechanisms: A systematic review of the state of the art literature and recommendations for future research. Computers in Human Behavior, 61, 667–688. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.03.008
- Susanti, V., Sumarwan, U., Simanjuntak, M., & Yusuf, E. Z. (2020). Rational Antecedent Framework of Brand Satisfaction in the Industrial Market: Assessing Rational Perceived Quality and Rational Perceived Value Roles. International Review of Management and Marketing, 10(1), 19–26. https://doi.org/10.32479/irmm.9017
- Tseng, S. M., & Wu, P. H. (2014). The impact of customer knowledge and customer relationship management on service quality. International Journal of Quality and Service Sciences, 6(1), 77–96. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJQSS-08-2012-0014
- Wongsansukcharoen, J., Trimetsoontorn, J., & Fongsuwan, W. (2015). Social CRM, RMO and business strategies affecting banking performance effectiveness in B2B context. Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, 30(6), 742–760. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-02-2013-0039
- Wu, S. I., & Lu, C. L. (2012). The relationship between CRM, RM, and business performance: A study of the hotel industry in Taiwan. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 31(1), 276–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2011.06.012
- Zhang, J., & Bloemer, J. M. M. (2008). The impact of value congruence on consumer-service brand relationships. Journal of Service Research, 11(2), 161–178. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670508322561
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.