Faculty of Islamic Economics and Business, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang - Indonesia
SCOPUS ID:
https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=57238177200
Islamic Entrepreneur Resilience Model: Retail Business Survives During Crisis
Covid-19 affects all sectors, including micro, small and medium enterprises. The purpose of this study is to determine the factors that affect the resilience of Muslim retail entrepreneurs and to develop models of entrepreneurial strength in the face of crises due to Covid 19. The research sample used 160 Muslim retail entrepreneurs who are members of the Sampoerna Retail Community (SRC). The analytical techniques used are factor analysis and SEM model testing with AMOS. From the results of the factor analysis, there are six variables, namely resilience capacity entrepreneurship, customer orientation, retailer's attitude, social capacity, Islamic Spirituality and digital marketing that affect the resilience of Muslim retail entrepreneurs. The model developed shows that social capital is not significant in explaining the resilience capacity of Muslim retail entrepreneurs. For that, we need encouragement, support, coaching and support to empower retail business businesses.
Keywords: Islamic Entrepreneur Resilience, Retail Business, Customer Orientation, Social Capacity, Islamic Spiritual Digital Marketing
- Abdullah, S. Bin. (2013). The Characteristics of Successful Entrepreneurs from Islamic Perspective. Journal of Islamic and Human Advanced Research, 3(6), 322–345. https://doi.org/10.2298/eka0462025p
- Abdullah, S. A. C., & Sahad, M. N. (2016). Integrated marketing communication: a spiritual and an ethical Islamic perspective. 1(4).
- Achour, M., Grine, F., Mohd Nor, M. R., & MohdYusoff, M. Y. Z. (2014). Measuring Religiosity and Its Effects on Personal Well-Being: A Case Study of Muslim Female Academicians in Malaysia. Journal of Religion and Health, 54(3), 984–997. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-014-9852-0
- Adler, P. S., & Kwon, S. W. (2002). Social capital: Prospects for a new concept. Academy of Management Review, 27(1), 17–40. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMR.2002.5922314
- Akgün, A. E., & Keskin, H. (2014). Organizational resilience capacity and firm product innovativeness and performance. International Journal of Production Research, 52(23), 6918–6937. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2014.910624
- Al-bantani, N. (2020). Utilization of Digital Marketing to Improve Sales Volume of MSME's Products. Journal of Digital Marketing and Halal Industry, 2(1), 29–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/jdmhi.2020.2.1.5282
- Aldrich, D. P., & Meyer, M. A. (2015). Social Capital and Community Resilience. American Behavioral Scientist, 59(2), 254–269. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764214550299
- Alves, J. C., Lok, T. C., Luo, Y., & Hao, W. (2020). Crisis Management for Small Business during the COVID-19 Outbreak: Survival, Resilience and Renewal Strategies of Firms in Macau. Research Square, PREPRINT(June), 1–29. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-34541/v1
- Annalakshmi, N., & Abeer, M. (2011). Islamic worldview, religious personality and resilience among Muslim adolescent students in India. Europe's Journal of Psychology, 7(4), 716–738. https://doi.org/10.5964/ejop.v7i4.161
- Asgary, A., Anjum, M. I., & Azimi, N. (2012). Disaster recovery and business continuity after the 2010 flood in Pakistan: Case of small businesses. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 2, 46–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2012.08.001
- Ayala, J. C., & Manzano, G. (2014). The resilience of the entrepreneur. Influence on the success of the business. A longitudinal analysis. Journal of Economic Psychology, 42, 126–135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2014.02.004
- Bhamra, R., Dani, S., & Burnard, K. (2011). Resilience: The concept, a literature review and future directions. International Journal of Production Research, 49(18), 5375–5393. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2011.563826
- Bofinger, P., Dullien, S., Felbermayr, G., Fuest, C., Hüther, M., Südekum, J., & Weder di Mauro, B. (2020). Economic Implications of the Corona Crisis and Economic Policy Measures. Wirtschaftsdienst, 100(4), 259–265. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10273-020-2628-0
- Bojorges Moctezuma, N. P., & Rajagopal, N. A. (2016). Role of digital marketing in driving business performance in emerging markets: an analytical framework. International Journal of Business Forecasting and Marketing Intelligence, 2(4), 291. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijbfmi.2016.10000960
- Branicki, L. J., Sullivan-Taylor, B., & Livschitz, S. R. (2018). How entrepreneurial resilience generates resilient SMEs. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research, 24(7), 1244–1263.
- Brück, T., Llussá, F., & Tavares, J. A. (2011). Entrepreneurship: The role of extreme events. European Journal of Political Economy, 27(SUPPL. 1), S78–S88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2011.08.002
- Bullough, A., & Renko, M. (2013). Entrepreneurial resilience during challenging times. Business Horizons, 56(3), 343–350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2013.01.001
- Carmeli, A., Friedman, Y., & Tishler, A. (2013). Cultivating a resilient top management team: The importance of relational connections and strategic decision comprehensiveness. Safety Science, 51(1), 148–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssci.2012.06.002
- Dijk, A. M. (2020). How entrepreneur resilience impacts the utilization of innovation in dealing with adversities like the COVID-19 pandemic in the restaurant industry in the Netherlands . CC-BY-NC (pp. 1–11). Behavioural, Management and Social Sciences, University of Twente.
- Druss, R. G., & Douglas, C. J. (1988). Adaptive responses to illness and disability. Healthy denial. General Hospital Psychiatry, 10(3), 163–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/0163-8343(88)90015-1
- Dubini, P., & Aldrich, H. (1991). Personal and extended networks are central to the entrepreneurial process. Journal of Business Venturing, 6(5), 305–313.
- Edmiston, D. (2015). Strategic digital marketing. Journal of Engineering, Design and Technology, 24(1), 90–91. https://doi.org/10.1108/17260531211274729
- Faizal, P. R. M., Ridhwan, A. A. M., & Kalsom, A. W. (2013). The Entrepreneurs Characteristic from al-Quran and al-Hadis. International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 4(4), 191–196. https://doi.org/10.7763/ijtef.2013.v4.284
- Giritli Nygren, K., & Olofsson, A. (2020). Managing the Covid-19 pandemic through individual responsibility: the consequences of a world risk society and enhanced ethopolitics. Journal of Risk Research, 0(0), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2020.1756382
- Grine, F., Fares, D., & Meguellati, A. (2015). Islamic Spirituality and entrepreneurship : A case study of women entrepreneurs in Malaysia İslami maneviyat ve girişimcilik : Malezya' daki kadın girişimciler üzerine bir vaka incelemesi. The Journal of Happiness & Well-Being, 3(1), 41–56.
- Gümüsay, A. A. (2015). Entrepreneurship from an Islamic Perspective. Journal of Business Ethics, 130(1), 199–208. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-014-2223-7
- Härting, R., Reichstein, C., Laemmle, P., & Sprengel, A. (2019). Potentials of digital business models in the retail industry - Empirical results from european experts. Procedia Computer Science, 159, 1053–1062. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2019.09.274
- Hassan, M. K., & Hippler, W. J. (2014). Entrepreneurship and Islam: An overview. Econ Journal Watch, 11(2), 170–178. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3263110
- Hayward, M. L. A., Forster, W. R., Sarasvathy, S. D., & Fredrickson, B. L. (2010). Beyond hubris: How highly confident entrepreneurs rebound to venture again. Journal of Business Venturing, 25(6), 569–578. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2009.03.002
- Hedner, T., Abouzeedan, A., & Klofsten, M. (2011). Entrepreneurial resilience. Annals of Innovation & Entrepreneurship, 2(1), 7986. https://doi.org/10.3402/aie.v2i1.6002
- Hoque, N., Mamun, A., & Mohammad Ahshanul Mamun, A. (2014). Dynamics and traits of entrepreneurship: an Islamic approach. World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, 10(2), 128–142. https://doi.org/10.1108/wjemsd-04-2013-0027
- Khodayarifard, M., Ghobari–Bonab, B., Shokoohi–Yekta, M., Faghihi, A. N., Beh-Pajooh, A., Afrooz, G.-A., Abedini, Y., & Paknejad, M. (2013). Developing a Religiosity Scale for Iranian College Student. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 82, 432–435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.06.288
- Korber, S., & McNaughton, R. B. (2017). Resilience and entrepreneurship: a systematic literature review. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 34(1), 1–5.
- Kuckertz, A., Brändle, L., Gaudig, A., Hinderer, S., Morales Reyes, C. A., Prochotta, A., Steinbrink, K. M., & Berger, E. S. C. (2020). Startups in times of crisis – A rapid response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 13(April). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2020.e00169
- Lee, R., & Jones, O. (2015). Entrepreneurial social capital research: resolving the structure and agency dualism. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 21(3), 338–363.
- Lengnick-Hall, C. A., & Beck, T. E. (2005). Adaptive fit versus robust transformation: How organizations respond to environmental change. Journal of Management, 31(5), 738–757. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206305279367
- Lengnick-Hall, C. A., Beck, T. E., & Lengnick-Hall, M. L. (2011). Developing a capacity for organizational resilience through strategic human resource management. Human Resource Management Review, 21(3), 243–255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2010.07.001
- Linnenluecke, M. K. (2017). Resilience in Business and Management Research: A Review of Influential Publications and a Research Agenda. International Journal of Management Reviews, 19(1), 4–30. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12076
- Liu, C., Black, W. C., Lawrence, F. C., & Garrison, M. E. B. (2012). Post-disaster coping and recovery: The role of perceived changes in the retail facilities. Journal of Business Research, 65(5), 641–647. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2011.03.004
- London, M. (1993). Relationships between career motivation, empowerment and support for career development. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 66(1), 55–69. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1993.tb00516.x
- Luthans, F., Vogelgesang, G. R., & Lester, P. B. (2006). Developing the Psychological Capital of Resiliency. Human Resource Development Review, 5(1), 25–44. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534484305285335
- Machmud, A., & Hidayat, Y. M. (2020). Characteristics of Islamic entrepreneurship and the business success of SMEs in Indonesia. Journal of Entrepreneurship Education, 23(2), 1–16.
- Martinelli, E., De Canio, F., & Tagliazucchi, G. (2019). Bouncing back from a sudden-onset extreme event: exploring retail enterprises' resilience capacity. International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research, 29(5), 568–581. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593969.2019.1664614
- Martinelli, E., & Tagliazucchi, G. (2019). Entrepreneurs' resilience to natural disasters: a survey in the retail sector. Italian Journal of Management, 37(1), 43–61.
- Michie, J. (2020). The covid-19 crisis–and the future of the economy and economics. International Review of Applied Economics, 34(3), 301–303. https://doi.org/10.1080/02692171.2020.1756040
- Nasr, S.H. (1987), Islamic Spirituality, Routledge and Kegan Paul, London
- Mohammad Ather, S., Aktaruzzaman Khan, M., & Hoque, N. (2011). Motivation as conceptualized in traditional and Islamic management. Humanomics, 27(2), 121–137. https://doi.org/10.1108/08288661111135126
- Mubarak, M. Z., Rahman, A. A., & Yaacob, M. R. (2014). Spirituality in Islamic Entrepreneurship : Motivation and Achievements of Successful. Journal of Techno Social, 6(2), 27–36.
- Mubarok, F. K. (2019). Optimalisasi Produk Qardhul Hasan dalam Memberdayakan Ekonomi Umat. Akuntabel, 16(1), 62–68. https://doi.org/10.29264/jakt.v16i1.4638
- Oklander, M., Oklander, T., Yashkina, O., Pedko, I., & Chaikovska, M. (2018). Analysis of technological innovations in digital marketing. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 5(3–95), 80–91. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2018.143956
- Omri, W., Becuwe, A., & Randerson, K. (2017). Unravelling the link between creativity and individual entrepreneurial behaviour: The moderating role of islamic work ethics. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 30(4), 567–589. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJESB.2017.082916
- Pearson, M. M., Hickman, T. M., & Lawrence, K. E. (2011). Retail recovery from natural disasters: New Orleans versus eight other United States disaster sites. International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research, 21(5), 415–444. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593969.2011.619665
- Powley, E. H. (2009). Reclaiming resilience and safety: Resilience activation in the critical period of crisis. Human Relations, 62(9), 1289–1326. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018726709334881
- Rehan, M. F., Block, J., & Fisch, C. (2019). Entrepreneurship in Islamic communities: How do Islamic values and Islamic practices influence entrepreneurship intentions? Journal of Enterprising Communities, 13(5), 557–583. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEC-05-2019-0041
- Rutter, M. (1987). Psychosocial resilience and protective mechanisms. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 57(3), 316–331.
- Salleh, K., Ab Rahman, Z., Mohd Noor, A. ., Kashim, M., Long, S., Hasan, Z., & Ridzuan, R. (2020). Resilience and patience (sabr) in Islamic view when observing the movement control (order MCO) during the covid 19 pandemic. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 24(01), 5485–5497.
- Sarif, S. M. (2015). TA'AWUN-BASED SOCIAL CAPITAL AND BUSINESS RESILIENCE FOR SMALL BUSINESSES. South East Asia Journal of Contemporary Business, Economics and Law, 7(2), 24–34.
- Schneider, S. L. (2001). In search of realistic optimism: Meaning, knowledge, and warm fuzziness. American Psychologist, 56(3), 250–263. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.56.3.250
- Seligman, M. E. P. (2011). Building resilience. Harvard Business Review, 89(4), 100–106. https://doi.org/10.7748/ns.26.32.16.s21
- Shamsudin, A. S., Mohd Kassim, A. W., Hassan, M. G., & Johari, N. A. (2010). Preliminary insights on the effect of Islamic Work Ethic on relationship marketing and customer satisfaction. The Journal of Human Resource and Adult Learning, 6(June 2010), 106–114.
- Teece, D. J. (2012). Dynamic Capabilities: Routines versus Entrepreneurial Action. Journal of Management Studies, 49(8), 1395–1401. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2012.01080.x
- Thorgren, S., & Williams, T. A. (2020). Staying alive during an unfolding crisis: How SMEs ward off impending disaster. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 14(July), e00187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2020.e00187
- Tukamuhabwa, B. R., Stevenson, M., Busby, J., & Zorzini, M. (2015). Supply chain resilience: Definition, review and theoretical foundations for further study. International Journal of Production Research, 53(18), 5592–5623. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2015.1037934
- Ullah, M., Mahmud, T. B., & Yousuf, F. (2013). Women Entrepreneurship: Islamic Perspective. European Journal of Business and Management, 1(1), 125–140.
- Yazilmiwati Yaacob, & Ilhaamie Abdul Ghani Azmi. (2010). To What Extent Do The Entrepreneur's Key Success Factor Influence The Muslim Entrepreneur From The Islamic Perspective ? A Study on Muslim Beauty Entrepreneur's in Selangor. International Conference on Business and Economics (Icbe), 1–13. http://fekon.unand.ac.id/icbe/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=56&Itemid=66&limitstart=1〈=
- Youssef, C. M., & Luthans, F. (2007). Positive organizational behavior in the workplace: The impact of hope, optimism, and resilience. Journal of Management, 33(5), 774–800. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206307305562
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.