The Effect of Business Literation on SMEs Performance with Mediation of Risk Management and Entrepreneurial Self Efficacy

Bambang Widarno*  -  Doctoral Degree of Management Science, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Semarang, Indonesia

(*) Corresponding Author

Literacy is the main prerequisite for intellectual growth and the ability to learn to generate new knowledge. This study aims to analyze the effect of business literacy on the performance of SMEs, either directly or indirectly by including the Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy (ESE) and Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) variables as mediation and moderation variables, respectively. The approach of this article is thought or conceptual based on intellectualization and reflects the prospects and impact of digital marketing. This study uses a critical system to analytically review digital marketing literature and relate it to research results. The data analysis technique used is descriptive. Based on the results of tracking and analysis, there has never been any previous research that examines business literacy, ESE, ERM, and SME performance in one model. The implication of social justice in the field of business literacy is through the existence of a business application system that is socialized to business people. Business information can enhance or even suppress the effects of entrepreneurial self-efficacy. ERM as a planned action is a control activity, which can be perceived not as an obstacle to gaining profits, but to get the expected performance results.

Keywords: Business Literacy, Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy, Enterprise Risk Management, SMEs Performance.

  1. Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211.
  2. Bailey, C. & Austin, M. 2006. 360 Degree Feedback and Developmental Outcomes: The Role of Feedback Characteristics, Self-Efficacy and Importance of Feedback Dimensions to Focal Managers' Current Role. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 14, 51-66.
  3. Bandura, A. 1986. Social foundations of thought and action, Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice Hall.
  4. Bandura, A. (1978). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Advances in Behaviour Research and Therapy, 1(4), 139–161. https://doi.org/10.1016/0146-6402(78)90002-4
  5. Bandura, A. (1991). Social cognitive theory of self-regulation. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 248–287. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90022-L
  6. Bandura, A., & Cervone, D. (1986). Differential engagement of self-reactive influences in cognitive motivation. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 38(1), 92–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(86)90028-2
  7. Baron, R. A., Markman, G. D., et al. (1999). Cognitive mechanisms: Potential differences between entrepreneurs and non-entrepreneurs. In P. D. Reynolds & W. D. Bygrave (Eds.), Frontiers of entrepreneurship research. Wellesley: Babson College.
  8. Baum, J. R., Locke, E. A., & Smith, K. (2001). A multidimensional model of venture growth. Academy of Management Journal, 44(2), 292–303.
  9. Baum, J. R., & Locke, E. A. (2004). The relationship of entrepreneurial traits, skill, and motivation to subsequent venture growth. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(4), 587–598. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.89.4.587
  10. Brustbauer, J. (2014). Enterprise risk management in SMEs: Towards a structural model. International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurship, 34(1), 70–85. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266242614542853
  11. Borchers, A., & Park, S. A. (2010). Understanding entrepreneurial mindset: a set of entrepreneurial self-efficacy, locus of control, and intent to start a business. Journal of Engineering Entrepreneurship, 1(1), 51–62.
  12. Bloom, Nicholas, Benn Eifert, Aprajit Mahajan, David McKenzie, and John Roberts. 2013. “Does management matter? Evidence from India.” The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 128(1): 1–51.
  13. Bruhn, Miriam, Dean S Karlan, and Antoinette Schoar. 2012. “The impact of consulting services on small and medium enterprises: Evidence from a randomized trial in mexico.” Yale University Economic Growth Center Discussion Paper, , (1010).
  14. Byabashaija,W., & Katono, I. (2011). The impact of college entrepreneurial education on entrepreneurial attitudes and intention to start a business in Uganda. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 16(1), 127–144.
  15. Calderon, Gabriela, Jesse M. Cunha, & Giacomo De Giorgi. 2013. Business Literacy and Development: Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial in Rural Mexico. Working Paper 19740 http://www.nber.org/papers/w19740 National Bureau of Economic Research 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138
  16. Chao Miao, Shanshan Qian & Dalong Ma. 2017. The Relationship between ntrepreneurial Self‐Efficacy and Firm Performance: A Meta‐Analysis of Main and Moderator Effects. Journal of Small Business Management, Volume 55, 2017 - Issue 1
  17. Chen, C. C., Greene, P. G., & Crick, A. (1998). Does entrepreneurial self-efficacy distinguish entrepreneurs from managers? Journal of Business Venturing, 13(4), 295–316.
  18. Cooney, M. (2005). Business Information Literacy Instruction. Journal of Business & Finance Librarianship, 11(1), 3–25. doi:10.1300/J109v11n01_02
  19. Deci, E. L., Koestner, R., & Ryan, R. M. (1999). A meta-analytic review of experiments examining the effects of extrinsic rewards on intrinsic motivations. Psychological Bulletin, 125(6), 627–668.
  20. Fiegen, A. M. (2011). Business Information Literacy: A Synthesis for Best Practices. Journal of Business & Finance Librarianship, 16(4), 267–288. doi:10.1080/08963568.2011.606095
  21. Fink, D. (1989). Process and Politics in Library Research: A Model for Course Design. Chicago, IL: American Library Association.
  22. Forbes, D. P. (2005). The effects of strategic decision making on entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 29(5), 599–626. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2005.00100.x
  23. Fu, F. Q., Richards, K. A., Hughes, D. E., & Jones, E. (2010). Motivatin salespeople to sell new products: the relative influence of attitudes, subjective norms, and self-efficacy. Journal of Marketing, 74(6), 61–76.
  24. Gao, S. S., Sung, M. C., & Zhang, J. (2013). Risk management capability building in SMEs: A social capital perspective. International Small Business Journal, 31(6), 677–700. https://doi.org/10.1177/0266242611431094
  25. Gates, S. (2006), “Incorporating strategic risk into enterprise risk management: a survey of current corporate practice”, Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, Vol. 18 No. 4, pp. 81-90.
  26. Håkan Jankensgård, (2019) "A theory of enterprise risk management", Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society, https://doi.org/10.1108/CG-02-2018-0092
  27. Hejazi, E., Shahraray, M., Farsinejad, M. & Asgary, A. 2009. Identity Styles and Academic Achievement: Mediating Role of Academic Self-Efficacy. Social Psychology of Education, 12, 123-135.
  28. Jacobson, T.E. (1994). Another Look at Bibliographic Instruction for Business Students. Journal of Business & Finance Librarianship, 1(4), 17–28. doi:10.1300/J109v01n04_03
  29. Jung, D. I., Ehrlich, S. B., De Noble, A. F., & Baik, K. (2001). Entrepreneurial self-efficacy and its relationship to entrepreneurial action: a comparative study between the US and Korea. Management International, 6(1), 41–53.
  30. Liñán, F. (2008). Skill and value perceptions: how do they affect entrepreneurial intention. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 4(3), 257–22.
  31. Marcelino-Sádaba, S., Pérez-Ezcurdia, A., Echeverría Lazcano, A. M., & Villanueva, P. (2014). Project risk management methodology for small firms. International Journal of Project Management, 32(2), 327–340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijproman.2013.05.009
  32. Mcgee, J. E., Peterson, M., Mueller, S. L., & Sequeira, J. M. (2009). Entrepreneurial self-efficacy: Refining the measure. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 33(4), 965–988. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2009.00304.x
  33. Pawit M. Yusup & Encang Saepudin. 2017. Praktik Literasi Informasi dalam Proses Pembelajaran Sepanjang Hayat. Jurnal Kajian Informasi & Perpustakaan. Vol.5/No.1, Juni 2017, hlm 79-94
  34. Rehman, A. U., & Anwar, M. (2019). Mediating role of enterprise risk management practices between business strategy and SME performance. Small Enterprise Research, 26(2), 207–227. https://doi.org/10.1080/13215906.2019.1624385
  35. Rosemann, M., & de Bruin, T. (2004). Application of a Holistic Model for Determining BPM Maturity. Proceedings of the AIM Pre-ICIS Workshop on Process Management and Information Systems, February, 46–60.
  36. Sajadieh, N. (2015). Critique and approach to moral education from the perspective of human agency. Journal of Education Research Foundations, 5(2), 88–109.
  37. Segal, G., Borgia, D., & Schoenfeld, J. (2005). The motivation to become an entrepreneur. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research, 11(1), 42–57.
  38. Songling, Y., Ishtiaq, M., & Anwar, M. (2018). Enterprise Risk Management Practices and Firm Performance, the Mediating Role of Competitive Advantage and the Moderating Role of Financial Literacy. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 11(3), 35. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm11030035
  39. Stonebraker, Ilana; Maxwell, Caitlan; Garcia, Kenny; and Jerrit, Jessica. 2017. "Realizing critical business information literacy: Opportunities, definitions, and best practices" (2017). Libraries Faculty and Staff Scholarship and Research. Paper 170. http://dx.doi.org/To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08963568.2017. 1288519
  40. Tavousi, M., Hidarnia, A. R., Montazeri, A., Hajizadeh, E., Taremian, F., & Ghofranipour, F. (2009). Are perceived behavioral control and self-efficacy distinct constructs? European Journal of Scientific Research, 30(1), 146–152.
  41. Tsai, Kuen-Hung, Hui-Chen Chang, & Chen-Yi Peng. 2014. Extending the link between entrepreneurial self-efficacy and intention: a moderated mediation model. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal. Springer Science+Business Media New York. DOI: 10.1007/s11365-014-0351-2
  42. Wilson, F., Kickul, J., & Marlino, D. (2007). Gender, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial career intentions: implications for entrepreneurship education. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 31(3), 387–406.
  43. Wood, R., & Bandura, A. (1989). Social Cognitive Theory of Organizational Management. Academy of Management Review, 14(3), 361–384. https://doi.org/10.1016/B0-12-657410-3/00217-8
  44. Zare, H., Nayebzadeh, S., & Roknabadi, A. D. (2017). Developing the scale of measuring business literacy of Iranian managers. International Journal of Business Management, 2(1), 40–47.
  45. Zhao, H., Seibert, S. E. & Hills, G. E. 2005. The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy in The Development of Entrepreneurial Intentions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90, 1265-1272.

Open Access Copyright (c) 2021 Journal of Digital Marketing and Halal Industry
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
apps