Focus and Scope

Al-Hilal is a peer-reviewed journal dedicated to the interdisciplinary study of Islamic Astronomy ('Ilm al-Falak) and its intersection with Islamic Law. The journal focuses on publishing original research that bridges scientific observation, astronomical calculation, religious implementation, and legal analysis.

We invite scholarly contributions that explore the theoretical, practical, historical, and legal dimensions of astronomy within the Islamic tradition. The scope of the journal includes, but is not limited to, the following areas:

1. Islamic Calendar and Hilāl Sighting

Studies concerning the determination and reform of the lunar calendar. This includes research on hilāl (crescent moon) visibility, the concept of maṭla’ (sighting zones), comparative analyses of regional criteria (such as MABIMS), and the role of public law and sovereignty in calendar unification.

2. Islamic Prayer Times

Technical, observational, and jurisprudential analysis of Islamic prayer times. This covers topics such as the determination of Fajr Ṣādiq (true dawn) and Fajr Kādhīb (false dawn), sunrise and Ishrāq prayer, Maghrib time, and investigations into regional variances and observational discrepancies.

3. Qibla Direction

Research on the methodologies for determining the direction of the Qibla. This includes accuracy assessments of methods used in historical and contemporary mosques, as well as the adaptation and analysis of specific techniques.

4. Astronomy in Religious Texts and History

Exploration of astronomical concepts as presented in the Quran and Hadith, including scientific perspectives on eschatological events. This area also covers the history of Islamic astronomy, the intellectual legacy of key figures, and the interpretation of astronomical phenomena within classical jurisprudential schools.

5. Integration of Science, Law, and Technology

Papers that examine the methodological integration of modern astronomical observations, technological advancements, and the principles of Islamic law to address contemporary issues in Islamic practice.