BUKU PANDUAN PENGKAFIRAN: Evaluasi Kritis Tibyān fī Ma’rifat al-Adyān karya Nūr al-Dīn al-Ranīrī
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21580/teo.2018.29.1.2313Keywords:
Tibyān fī Ma’rifat al-Adyān, Nūr al-Dīn al-Ranīrī, Hamzah Fansūrī, Waḥdat al-Wujūd, AcehAbstract
Abstract: The aim of this article is to critically evaluate the thought of Nūr al-Dīn al-Ranīrī, particularly his thought in Tibyān fī Ma’rifat al-Adyān. The book contained his accusation of others as being a kafir. This Indian origin theologian explained the history of religions from the times of Adam to the times of Jesus. He claimed that those pre-Islamic religion had perverted. He discussed also Islamic theological schools such as Rafidi, Khawarij, Jabbariyah, Qadariyah, Jahmiyah, Murji'ah and Karamiyah. He said that those schools are perverted as well. According to him, only Ahl al-Sunnah wa ’l-jamā’ah is the right theology. He also discussed various ideologies and the practices of mysticism that have ever grown and claimed that those are perverted too, except the akhlaqi tasawwuf. This article reviews the historical background of Aceh chronically till this "guidance book of takfir" come into existence. For that cause, the content of Tibyān fī Ma’rifat al-Adyānwill is discussed in brief. Finally, the theological thought of al-Ranīrī regarding the unity of being. The article focuses on the criticism over the attack of al-Ranīrī against the concept of the unity of being held by Hamzah Fansūrī and Shams al-Dīn al-Sumatranī.
Abstrak: Tulisan ini bertujuan melakukan evaluasi kritis atas pemikiran Nūr al-Dīn al-Ranīrī, khususnya dalam bukunya Tibyān fī Ma’rifat al-Adyān. Dalam buku tersebut dia mengkafirkan banyak pihak. Teolog asal India itu mengulas sejarah agama-agama sejak Adam hingga Isa al-Masih. Dia mengatakan agama-agama tersebut telah menjadi agama yang sesat setelah Islam muncul. Selanjutnya dia membahas aliran-aliran teologi seperti Rafidi, Khawarij, Jabariyah, Qadariyah, Jamamiyah, Murji’ah dan Karamiyah. Dia mengatakan semua aliran teologi tersebut adalah sesat. Menurutnya aliran yang benar hanya Ahl al-Sunnah wa ’l-Jamā’ah. Selanjutnya dia mengulas berbagai itikad dan praktik mistisme yang pernah berkembang dan mengatakan semua itu sesat kecuali aliran tasawuf akhlaqi. Tulisan ini mengulas tentang latar belakang Aceh secara kronologis hingga “buku panduan pengkafiran” tersebut hadir. Selanjutnya diulas secara ringkan isi Tibyān fī Ma’rifat al-Adyān. Terakhir dilakukan evaluasi kritis atas pandangan teologis al-Ranīrī tentang Waḥdat al-Wujūd. Tulisan ini berfokus pada kritik atas serangan al-Ranīrī terhadap pemikiran Waḥdat al-Wujūd yang dipegang oleh Hamzah Fansūrī dan Shams al-Dīn al-Sumatranī.Downloads
References
Amin, Muhammad Arifin. Sejarah Putri Nurul A’la Srikandi Bandar Khalifah Peureulak. Aceh Timur: Majelis Ulama Aceh dan Pemerintah Aceh Timur, t.th.
———. Uraian Sekitar Kerajaan Islam Peureulak. Aceh Timur: Majelis Ulama Aceh dan Pemerintah Aceh Timur, 19980.
al-Attas, Syed Muhammad Naquib. A Commentary on the Hutta al-Ṣiddīq of Nūr al-Dīn al-Ranīrī. Kuala Lumpur: Ministry of Culture Malaysia, 1986.
———. The Mysticism of Hamzah Fansuri. Kuala Lumpur: University of Malaya Press, 1970.
Azra, Azyumardi. Jaringan Ulama Timur Tengah dan Kepulauan Nusantara Abad XVII dan XVIII. 4th ed. Bandung: Mizan, 1998.
Dahlan, Abdul Aziz. Penilaian Teologis Atas Paham Waḥdah al-Wujūd: Tuhan-Alam-Manusia dalam Tasawuf Syamsuddin Sumatranī. Padang: UIN Imam Bondjol, 1999.
Daud, Mohd. Kalam. Tibyān fi Ma’rifah al-Adyan Nūr al-Dīn al-Ranīrī. Banda Aceh: Pena, 2009.
Fathurrahman, Oman. Ithāf al-Dhakī: Tafsir Wahdatul Wujud bagi Muslim Nusantara. Bandung: Mizan, 2012.
———. Tanbih al-Masyi: Menyoal Wahdatul Wujud: Kasus Abdurrauf Singkel di Aceh Abad 17. Bandung: Mizan, 1999.
Gharawiyan, Mohsen. Pengantar Memahami Buku Daras Filsafat Islam. Jakarta: Sadra Press, 2012.
Hasjmy, A. Sejarah Masuk dan Berkembangnya Islam di Indonesia. Bandung: Al-Ma’arif, 1993.
Karim, M. Abdul. Sejarah Pemikiran dan Peradaban Islam. Yogyakarta: Bagaskara, 2012.
al-Kindi. On First Phylosophy. terj. Alfred L. Ivry. Harvard: Harvard University, 1974.
Labib, Muhsin. Pemikiran Filsafat Ayatullah M.T Misbah Yazdi. Jakarta: Sadra Press, 2011.
Nasution, Harun. Teologi Islam: Aliran-aliran Sejarah Analisa Perbandingan. Jakarta: UI Press, 2002.
Nasution, Ismail Fahmi Arrauf, and Miswari Miswari. “Rekonstruksi Identitas Konflik Kesultanan Peureulak.” Paramita: Historical Studies Journal 27, no. 2 (2017): 168–81. https://doi.org/10.15294/paramita.V27I2.11159.
Rivauzi, Ahmad. “Landasan Filosofis Pemikiran Tasawuf Abdurrauf Singkel Tentang Allah, Manusia, dan Alam.” Jurnal Theologia 28, no. 2 (2017): 299-328. https://doi.org/10.21580/teo.2017.28.2.1451.
Said, Muhammad. Aceh Sepanjang Abad. Medan: PT. Percetakan dan Penerbitan Pustaka, 1981.
Schoun, Fritjof. Islam dan Filsafat Perenia. terj. Rahmani Astuti. Bandung: Mizan, 1995.
T. T., Azwar. Silsilah Raja-raja Islam di Aceh: Hubungannnya dengan Raja-raja Melayu Nusantara. Jakarta: Yayasan Tun Sri Lanang, t.th.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
The copyright of the received article shall be assigned to the journal as the publisher. The intended copyright includes the right to publish the article in various forms (including reprints). The journal maintains the publishing rights to the published articles.
Note: Authors are allowed to use their articles for any legal purposes deemed necessary without written permission.
Licensing
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
_______
Copyright Transfer Aggreement
In order for Jurnal Theologia to publish and distribute research articles, the editors need publishing rights (transferred from author to publisher). This agreement relates to the transfer/publishing copyright license to Jurnal Theologia but the authors still have significant rights to use and share their published articles.
Jurnal Theologia supports the need for writers to share, disseminate and maximize the impact of their research and their rights on any database. As a journal article writer, you have the right to various uses of your articles, including that by the institution or company where you work. Copyright can be used without the need for special permission. Authors who publish articles in the Jurnal Theologia have broad rights to use their work for teaching and scientific purposes without requesting permission, including:
- Use by the author for lectures, presentations, or conferences, with distribution of copies to participants;
- Distribution to colleagues for research use;
- Use in compilations of the author's subsequent work;
- inclusion in a thesis or dissertation;
- Reuse of sections or excerpts from articles in other works (with full acknowledgment of the final article);
- Preparation of derivative works (other than commercial purposes) (with full acknowledgment of the final article);
- Voluntary posting on open websites operated by authors’ or writers' agencies for scientific purposes
When submitting a manuscript, authors do so on the understanding that if accepted for publication, the copyright for publishing (publishing right) of the article shall be assigned/transferred to Jurnal Theologia.
Authors whose articles are accepted for publication will receive confirmation via email and sent a Copyright Transfer Agreement.
