KRITIK AL-GHAZĀLĪ TERHADAP PARA FILOSOF
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21580/teo.2014.25.1.341Abstract
Abstract: al-Ghazālīcalled Bahrul Mughriq (an ocean away) because he mastered various sciences: Fiqh , Uṣūl , Mantiq and Theology. The number of contradictory religious beliefs, and the influence of Greek philosophy, arose doubt about what is right and what is wrong . Then he learned all the knowledge to get ‘Ilm Yaqin can clearly reveal the knowledge of the mutakallimun, Shiite Baatinites ( Isma'ilism ), philosopher and sufism, so he left his carrier. He did not accept simply of religious truth, without knowing the reason. He divided the philosopher into three: ad- Dahriyyun (materialists),ath-Thabi'iyyun (naturalists), Ilahiyyun (Theists). In philosophy, there are 20 issues , 3 of those mark philosophers as unbelievers, and other is bid’ah. Three of those are: the world eternity, unknowable particulars of God, and no physical resurrection. Abstrak: al-Ghazālī, seorang ulama yang menguasai berbagai ilmu pengetahuan: Fiqh, Ushul, Mantiq (Logika) dan Ilmu Kalam, sehingga ia memperoleh sebutan Bahrul Mughriq (lautan yang menenggelamkan). Banyaknya aliran keagamaan yang sering bertentangan dan pengaruh filsafat Yunani ke dalam pemikiran umat Islam, sehingga menimbulkan syak (kebimbangan, keraguan) tentang mana yang benar dan mana yang salah. Kemudian ia mempelajari seluruh ilmu untuk mendapatkan ‘Ilmu Yaqin yang dapat mengungkap secara jelas yaitu ilmunya para mutakallimun, Syi’ah Batiniyah (Isma’iliyah), filosof dan sufi, sehingga ia meninggalkan jabatan dan kedudukannya. Ia tidak bertaklid tanpa mengetahui alasannya. Filosof ada tiga macam: ad-Dahriyyun (materialis), ath-Thabi’iyyun (naturalis) dan Ilahiyyun (theis). Dalam filsafat terdapat 20 persoalan, 3 diantaranya menjadikan filosof kafir, dan lainnya bid’ah. Tiga (3) itu adalah: Pendapat tentang keazalian alam, pendapat bahwa Tuhan tidak mengetahui juz’iyyat (rinci), dan kebangkitan jasmani tidak ada. Keywords: syak, ‘ilm al-yaqīn, al-Dahriyūn, al-Ṭabi'iyūn, IlāhiyūnDownloads
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