PERJALANAN SINGKAT PERKEMBANGAN FILSAFAT ILMU
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21580/teo.2015.26.1.406Abstract
Abstract: Philosophy of science is part of the philosophy that answers some questions about the nature of science. This field learn the basics of philosophy, assumptions and implications of science, which includes, among others, natural sciences and social sciences. Here, the philosophy of science is closely related to epistemology and ontology. The philosophy of science seeks to explain issues such as: what and how a concept and can be called as a scientific statement, how the concept was born, how science can explain, predict and utilize nature through technology; how to determine the validity of an information; formulation and use of the scientific method; kinds of reasoning that can be used to obtain a conclusion; and the implications of scientific methods and models to society and to science itself. In this regard, this article will present a brief history of the development of philosophy of science to how the contribution of Islam to establish the philosophy of science. Thus it would be seen clearly similarities and differences in the aspects of epistemological, ontological, and axiological of various schools of philosophy that has developed: rationalism, empiricism, and Islam. Abstrak: Filsafat ilmu adalah bagian dari filsafat yang menjawab beberapa pertanyaan mengenai hakikat ilmu. Bidang ini mempelajari dasar-dasar filsafat, asumsi dan implikasi dari ilmu, yang termasuk di dalamnya antara lain ilmu alam dan ilmu sosial. Di sini, filsafat ilmu sangat berkaitan erat dengan epistemologi dan ontologi. Filsafat ilmu berusaha untuk dapat menjelaskan masalah-masalah seperti: apa dan bagaimana suatu konsep dan pernyataan dapat disebut sebagai ilmiah, bagaimana konsep tersebut dilahirkan, bagaimana ilmu dapat menjelaskan, memperkirakan serta memanfaatkan alam melalui teknologi; cara menentukan validitas dari sebuah informasi; formulasi dan penggunaan metode ilmiah; macam-macam penalaran yang dapat digunakan untuk mendapatkan kesimpulan; serta implikasi metode dan model ilmiah terhadap masyarakat dan terhadap ilmu pengetahuan itu sendiri. Berkaitan dengan ini, artikel ini akan memaparkan sejarah singkat perkembangan filsafat ilmu hingga bagaimana kontribusi Islam dalam membangun filsafat ilmu tersebut. Dengan demikian akan terlihat dengan jelas kesamaan dan perbedaan aspek-aspek epistemologis, ontologis, dan aksiologis dari berbagai macam aliran filsafat yang sudah berkembang: rasionalisme, empirisme, dan Islam. Keywords: filsafat ilmu, rasionalisme, empirisme, al-Quran.Downloads
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