Cultivating Tolerance in East Priangan: Religious Moderation in the Eastern Universities of  West Java, Indonesia

Hilda Ainissyifa; Irfan Nabhani; Yufi Mohammad Nasrullah; Nurul Fatonah; Fiqra Muhamad Nazib

doi:10.21580/ws.32.1.20659

Authors

Hilda Ainissyifa Department of Islamic Education, Faculty of Islamic Education and Teacher Training, Universitas Garut, Garut, Indonesia
Irfan Nabhani Department of Management, Postgraduate Program, Universitas Garut, Garut, Indonesia
Yufi Mohammad Nasrullah Department of Islamic Education, Faculty of Islamic Education and Teacher Training, Universitas Garut, Garut, Indonesia
Nurul Fatonah Department of Islamic Education, Faculty of Islamic Education and Teacher Training, Universitas Garut, Garut, Indonesia
Fiqra Muhamad Nazib Department of Islamic Education, Faculty of Islamic Education and Teacher Training, Universitas Garut, Garut, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21580/ws.32.1.20659

Keywords:

Islamic education, religious moderation, tolerance

Abstract

Religious moderation has become increasingly relevant in diverse and pluralistic societies, particularly within academic settings where varying interpretations of religious teachings often emerge. This study highlights the growing need to explore and understand religious attitudes among students in the context of their social, cultural, and political influences. The study investigates students' perceptions and views regarding religious moderation by delving into critical issues such as the relationship between Pancasila and religion, the idea of a caliphate state, respect for state symbols, and attitudes toward violence. A quantitative survey approach involved 463 students selected through stratified random sampling from various study programs and semester levels. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire to assess students' perspectives on these controversial topics. The findings reveal a comprehensive picture of religious attitudes among students, emphasizing the importance of fostering religious moderation within academic environments. These results underline the necessity for effective educational strategies to promote understanding and respect for diverse beliefs while minimizing conflict. The study is significant for policymakers, educators, and practitioners because it offers insights into the dynamics of religious attitudes in higher education. By addressing the complexities of religious moderation, these findings contribute to developing strategies that can support harmonious coexistence in pluralistic academic communities.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abu-Nimer, M. (2022). Interfaith Dialogue: A Path to Reconciliation. In Reconciliation, Heritage and Social Inclusion in the Middle East and North Africa (pp. 463–481). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08713-4_28

Abu-Nimer, M., & Smith, R. K. (2016). Interreligious and Intercultural Education for Dialogue, Peace and Social Cohesion. International Review of Education, 62(4), 393–405. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11159-016-9583-4

Aflahah, S., Nisa, K., & Aldeia, A. S. (2023). The Role of Education in Strengthening Religious Moderation in Indonesia. Jurnal SMART (Studi Masyarakat, Religi, dan Tradisi), 9(2), 193–211. https://doi.org/10.18784/smart.v9i2.2079

Afwadzi, B., & Miski, M. (2021). Religious Moderation in Indonesian Higher Educations: Literature Review. Ulul Albab: Jurnal Studi Islam, 22(2), 203–231. https://doi.org/10.18860/ua.v22i2.13446

Ahmad, S., & Saepudin, M. (2023). Moderasi Beragama pada Masyarakat Multietnik dan Transmigrasi. Literasi Nusantara Abadi Grup.

Ajahari, A., Puspita, P., Teddy, T., Husna, N., & Iriantara, Y. (2023). Implementasi Kebijakan Penguatan Moderasi Beragama (PMB) dalam Kurikulum pada Perguruan Tinggi Keagamaan (Studi Kasus pada IAIN, IAKN dan IAHN Tampung Penyang Palangka Raya). Jurnal Transformatif (Islamic Studies), 7(1), 41–58.

Arai, K. (2023). Christmas for Indonesian Muslims: Controversy on Saying ‘Merry Christmas.’ Orient, 58, 127–135. https://doi.org/10.5356/orient.58.127

Arif, K. M. (2021). Concept and Implementation of Religious Moderation in Indonesia. Al-Risalah: Jurnal Studi Agama dan Pemikiran Islam, 12(1), 90–106. https://jurnal.uia.ac.id/alrisalah/article/view/1212

Arifinsyah, A., Andy, S., & Damanik, A. (2020). The Urgency of Religious Moderation in Preventing Radicalism in Indonesia. Esensia: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin, 21(1), 91–108. https://doi.org/10.14421/esensia.v21i1.2199

Azizah, N. (2023). Religious Moderation in the Industrial Era 4.0: Deradicalization through the Development of Intellectual Traditions at Fadhlul Fadhlan Islamic Boarding School Semarang. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 20(2), 233–246. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpai.v20i2.7771

Azmi, F., & Daulay, S. (2022). Religious Moderation. Pendalas: Jurnal Penelitian Tindakan Kelas dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, 2(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.47006/pendalas.v2i1.92

Azra, A. (2006). Pluralism, Coexistence and Religious Harmony in Southeast Asia: Indonesian Experience in the “Middle Path.” In A. A. Said, M. Abu-Nimer, & M. Sharify-Funk (Eds.), Contemporary Islam: Dynamic, not Static. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203965382

Badrun, B., Sujadi, S., Warsah, I., Muttaqin, I., & Morganna, R. (2023). Pancasila, Islam, and Harmonising Socio-Cultural Conflict in Indonesia. Al-Jami’ah: Journal of Islamic Studies, 61(1), 137–156. https://doi.org/10.14421/ajis.2023.611.137-156

Cherney, A., Putra, I. E., Putera, V. S., Erikha, F., & Magrie, M. F. (2021). The Push and Pull of Radicalization and Extremist Disengagement: The Application of Criminological Theory to Indonesian and Australian Cases of Radicalization. Journal of Criminology, 54(4), 407–424. https://doi.org/10.1177/26338076211034893

Chomsah, A. (2022). Pancasila vs Khilafah: Melalui Moderasi Beragama. Kemenag Kanwil NTT. https://ntt.kemenag.go.id/opini/688/pancasila-vs--khilafah--melalui-moderasi-beragama?utm_source=chatgpt.com

Coleman, E. B., & White, K. (Eds.). (2011). Religious Tolerance, Education and the Curriculum. SensePublishers. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6091-412-6

Daheri, M., Warsah, I., Morganna, R., Putri, O. A., & Adelia, P. (2023). Strengthening Religious Moderation: Learning from the Harmony of Multireligious People in Indonesia. Journal of Population and Social Studies [JPSS], 31, 571–586. https://so03.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/jpss/article/view/262895

Elgenius, G. (2011). National Flag Origins: Religion, Revolution and Rivalry. In Symbols of Nations and Nationalism (pp. 27–56). Palgrave Macmillan UK. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-31704-8_3

Evirianti, L. (2017). Religious Freedom in Indonesia: An Islamic Human Right Perspective. Esensia: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin, 18(1), 71–80. https://doi.org/10.14421/esensia.v18i1.1471

Fathurrohman, F. (2022). Internalisasi Nilai Moderasi Beragama pada Masyarakat Multikultural. Proceedings of Annual Conference for Muslim Scholars, 6(1), 1051–1057. https://doi.org/10.36835/ancoms.v6i1.409

Hanafi, Y., Saefi, M., Diyana, T. N., Ikhsan, M. A., Yani, M. T., Suciptaningsih, O. A., Anggraini, A. E., & Rufiana, I. S. (2023). What Content Offers and How Teachers Teach: Religious Moderation-integrated Teaching in Indonesia. HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies, 79(2). https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v79i2.9070

Hanipudin, S., Nasihah, N. A., & Subki, T. (2023). Analysis of the Impact of Instilling Religious Moderation on Students’ Social Attitudes. Nusantara Education, 2(1), 19–24. https://juna.nusantarajournal.com/index.php/nula/article/view/63

Harahap, R. A., Dahlan, Z., & Usiono, U. (2022). The Role of the IRE Teacher in Shaping the Attitude of Student’s Religious Moderation. Nazhruna: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 5(2), 618–633. https://doi.org/10.31538/nzh.v5i2.2194

Haris, M. A., Salikin, A. D., Sahrodi, J., & Fatimah, S. (2023). Religious Moderation among the Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah. International Journal of Social Science and Human Research, 6(1), 479–486. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijsshr/v6-i1-63

Holidin, D. (2022). The Compatibility of Islam and Pancasila in Indonesia’s Declining Democracy. Politics and Religion Journal, 16(2), 179–202. https://doi.org/10.54561/prj1602179h

Hutabarat, F. (2023). Navigating Diversity: Exploring Religious Pluralism and Social Harmony in Indonesian Society. European Journal of Theology and Philosophy, 3(6), 6–13. https://doi.org/10.24018/theology.2023.3.6.125

Isani, M. A. (2019). Support for a Global Caliphate as Alternative. In Muslim Public Opinion toward the International Order (pp. 89–114). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97328-9_5

Khasanah, N., Hamzani, A. I., & Aravik, H. (2023). Religious Moderation in the Islamic Education System in Indonesia. Qalamuna: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial, dan Agama, 15(1), 629–642. https://doi.org/10.37680/qalamuna.v15i1.4115

Kurnia PS, A. M. B., Wahid, A., & Yustika, G. P. (2018). Kontroversi Penerapan Khilafah di Indonesia. Islamika: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman, 18(1), 19–24.

Kustati, M., Indra, R., Efendi, Ritonga, M., Nelmawarni, Yulia, & Karni, A. (2023). The Effect of National Insight and Religious Moderation on Radical Behavior of Secondary School Students. Education Research International, 2023, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/2919611

Lewis, M. A. (2023). The New Sect of Latitude Men: Religious Toleration and Moderation in Revolutionary and Restoration England. In An Anthology of the Cambridge Platonists: Sources and Commentary (pp. 60–64). https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003183150-9

Malik, A., HS, M. A., & Hindi, M. A. (2021). Religious Moderation in Indonesian Islamic Scholars Articles. Proceedings of the International Conference on Sustainable Innovation Track Humanities Education and Social Sciences (ICSIHESS 2021), 626, 103–109. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211227.018

Manshur, F. M., & Husni, H. (2020). Promoting Religious Moderation through Literary-based Learning: A Quasi-Experimental Study. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology, 29(6), 5849–5855.

Marzuki, M., Miftahuddin, M., & Murdiono, M. (2020). Multicultural Education in Salaf Pesantren and Prevention of Religious Radicalism in Indonesia. Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan, 39(1), 12–25. https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v39i1.22900

Muhaemin, M., Rusdiansyah, R., Pabbajah, M., & Hasbi, H. (2023). Religious Moderation in Islamic Religious Education as a Response to Intolerance Attitudes in Indonesian Educational Institutions. Journal of Social Studies Education Research, 14(2), 253–274. https://jsser.org/index.php/jsser/article/view/4677

Muhtar, M., Setiyono, B., Fitriyah, F., & Sardini, N. H. (2022). The Role of Educational Institutions in Countering Political Polarization: Building Inclusive Communities and Civic Engagement. Qalamuna: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial, dan Agama, 14(1), 833–848. https://doi.org/10.37680/qalamuna.v14i1.4919

Mulyana, R. (2023). Religious Moderation in Islamic Religious Education Textbook and Implementation in Indonesia. HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies, 79(1). https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v79i1.8592

Munawir K., M., Makmur, M., Rasyid, M. N. A., Naro, W., Usman, S., & Pajarianto, H. (2023). Character Building Training Model for Young People to Strengthen Religious Moderation. HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies, 79(1). https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v79i1.8552

Murad, A. N., & Rizki, D. (2022). Development of Religious Moderation Study on Prevention of Radicalism in Indonesia: A Systematic Literature Review Approach. Potensia: Jurnal Kependidikan Islam, 8(2), 198–224. https://doi.org/10.24014/potensia.v8i2.20727

Musyahid, M., & Kolis, N. (2023). Religious Moderation Implementation in Islamic Education: A Systematic Review. Fitrah: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu-Ilmu Keislaman, 9(2), 265–284. https://doi.org/10.24952/fitrah.v9i2.9547

Mutawakkil, M. H. (2021). Nilai-nilai Pendidikan Moderasi Beragama untuk Mewujudkan Toleransi Umat Beragama dalam Perspektif Emha Ainun Nadjib [Master Thesis]. Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim, Malang.

Nabhani, I., Ainissyifa, H., Nasrullah, Y. M., & Fatonah, N. (2023). Implementation of Religious Moderation Values in East Priangan Higher Education. Hanifiya: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama, 6(1), 51–64. https://doi.org/10.15575/hanifiya.v6i1.24700

Nugroho, P., & Nailufaz, W. U. (2022). Religious Moderation and Local Religious Content Curriculum: A Study of the Internalization of the Religious Moderation Values in Madrasa. Penamas, 35(1), 131–146. https://doi.org/10.31330/penamas.v35i1.537

Pajarianto, H., Pribadi, I., & Galugu, N. S. (2023). Youth Religious Moderation Model and Tolerance Strengthening through Intellectual Humility. HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies, 79(1). https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v79i1.8196

Pajarianto, H., Pribadi, I., & Sari, P. (2022). Tolerance between Religions through the Role of Local Wisdom and Religious Moderation. HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies, 78(4). https://doi.org/10.4102/hts.v78i4.7043

Parhan, M., Nugraha, R. H., & Islamy, M. R. F. (2022). Model of Religious Moderation in Universities: Alternative Solution to Liberal, Literal and Radical Islam. Edukasia Islamika: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 7(1), 1–23. https://e-journal.uingusdur.ac.id/edukasiaislamika/article/view/5218

Pitrianingsi, L., Nelson, N., & Indrawari, K. (2023). Peran Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Menanamkan Perilaku Toleransi terhadap Siswa Beda Agama di SMA Negeri Campur Sari [Undergraduate Thesis]. Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Curup.

Popovska, B., Ristoska, Z., & Payet, P. (2017). The Role of Interreligious and Interfaith Dialogue in the Post-Secular World. Academicus International Scientific Journal, 16, 33–44. https://doi.org/10.7336/academicus.2017.16.02

Pradana, D. A., Mahfud, M., & Priyanto, H. (2023). Harmonizing Faith and Inclusion: Integrating Religious Values in Inclusive Education. Edukasia: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran, 4(2), 1877–1884. https://doi.org/10.62775/edukasia.v4i2.516

Riyanto, W. F. (2023). Moderation between Religious Freedom and Harmony Concerning the Regulation on Mosque Loudspeaker: Comparison between Indonesia and Other Muslim Countries. Muslim World Journal of Human Rights, 20(1), 69–96. https://doi.org/10.1515/mwjhr-2022-0029

Rofi, S., & Setiawan, B. A. (2023). The Influence of Religious Understanding on the Religious Moderation Attitude of Students at Muhammadiyah Schools In Jember. Edukasi Islami: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 12(1), 201–218. https://doi.org/10.30868/ei.v12i01.2605

Rofii, A. (2021). The Religiosity of the Indonesian Constitution: Article 29(1) and Its Interpretation. Constitutional Review, 7(2), 203. https://doi.org/10.31078/consrev722

Rohmawati, U. B., & Izza, Y. P. (2022). Internalization of Religious Moderation Values in High School Based on Islamic Boarding Schools. EduReligia: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 6(1), 66–75. https://doi.org/10.33650/edureligia.v6i1.3655

Subchi, I., Zulkifli, Z., Latifa, R., & Sa’diyah, S. (2022). Religious Moderation in Indonesian Muslims. Religions, 13(5), 451. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel13050451

Sutomo, I., & Budihardjo, B. (2021). The Rejection of Religious Nationalism towards the Secular State and the Islamic Caliphate: Indonesian Religious Figures Perspective. Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies, 11(1), 115–137. https://doi.org/10.18326/ijims.v11i1.115-137

Tim Peneliti Balitbang Agama RI. (2018). Moderasi Beragama. Kemenag RI.

Tolchah, M., Yahiji, K., Posangi, S. S., & Ainiyah, N. (2021). The Contribution of the School of Peace as a Religious Moderation Implementation. Al-Ulum, 21(1), 50–68. https://doi.org/10.30603/au.v21i1.2199

Wahyudin, W., Siswomiharjo, K. W., & Kaelan, K. (2019). Pancasila and the Development of Democracy in Indonesia: An Axiological Perspective. Jurnal Kawistara, 9(2), 127. https://doi.org/10.22146/kawistara.34854

Wisnarni, W. (2023). The Religious Moderation in the Family and the Character Education: Appreciating Local Cultures and other Religions. Logos, 115, 159–169. https://doi.org/10.24101/logos.2023.40