Indonesian Tourism on Australian Websites: Mapping Major Issues with Online Field Theory

Article Sidebar

PDF
Published: Apr 30, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21580/jsw.2023.7.1.14092
Keywords:
Australia, hyperlink network, Indonesia, online field, tourism

Main Article Content

Sidiq Hari Madya
Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8444-3145

Abstract

Australia is very important to Indonesia’s tourism recovery strategies after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examines tourism issues in Indonesia as represented by Australian websites. By mapping actors and issue networks in Australian sites, this study identified the status and behavior of actors in online networks. This study applies a Bourdieusian framework adapted to an online setting called online field theory. Applying web data to study the behavior of actors or organizations, this study combined the hyperlink network and content analysis. It has been found that tourism policies and tourism impact on the economy in Indonesia is a major concern for Australian actors. The web narratives indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic contextualizes the emergence of major issues and prominent actors dealing with the issues. A map of the hyperlink network confirmed the structure of the fields in which privileged actors in Australia, such as the government and the media, are more central in framing and diffusing the issues. It is argued that issue formation and adoption on the web reflect multiple Australian interests to Indonesia’s tourism.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Article Details

Issue
Vol. 7 No. 1 (2023)
Section
Articles

The copyright of the accepted article shall be assigned to the journal as the publisher of the journal. The intended copyright includes the right to publish the article in various forms (including reprints). The journal maintains the publishing rights to the published articles. 

In line with the license, authors and any users (readers and other researchers) are allowed to share and adapt the material. In addition, the material must be given appropriate credit, provided with a link to the license, and indicated if changes were made. If authors remix, transform, or build upon the material, authors must distribute their contributions under the same license as the original.

References

Ackland, Robert. 2013. Web Social Science: Concepts, Data and Tools for Social Scientists in the Digital Age. London: SAGE Publications Ltd.

Alamanda, Dini Turipanam, Abdullah Ramdhani, Ikeu Kania, Wati Susilawati, and Egi Septian Hadi. 2019. “Sentiment Analysis Using Text Mining of Indonesia Tourism Reviews via Social Media.” International Journal of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences 5(2):72–82. doi: 10.20469/ijhss.5.10004-2.

Bourdieu, Pierre. 1987. Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste. Oxfordshire: Routledge.

Bourdieu, Pierre. 2010. Arena Produksi Kultural: Sebuah Kajian Sosiologis Budaya. Yogyakarta: Kreasi Wacana.

Bourdieu, Pierre. 2014. Bourdieu’s Theory of Social Fields. edited by M. Hilgers and E. Mangez. London: Routledge.

BPS - Central Statistics Indonesia. 2021. “Jumlah Kunjungan Wisatawan Mancanegara Ke Indonesia Menurut Kebangsaan (Kunjungan), 2015-2016.” Retrieved June 13, 2021 (https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/16/1821/4/jumlah-kunjungan-wisatawan-mancanegara-ke-indonesia-menurut-kebangsaan.html).

Freeman, Linton C. 1978. “Centrality in Social Networks Conceptual Clarification.” Social Networks 1(3):215–39. doi: 10.1016/0378-8733(78)90021-7.

Gehrmann, Richard. 1994. “Tourism, Exploitation and Cultural Imperialism: Recent Obser-vations from Indonesia.” Social Alternatives 13(3 & 4):12–16.

Ignatow, Gabe, and Laura Robinson. 2017. “Pierre Bourdieu: Theorizing the Digital.” Information, Communication & Society 20(7):950–66. doi: 10.1080/1369118X.2017.1301519.

Karamshuk, Dmytro, Frances Shaw, Julie Brownlie, and Nishanth Sastry. 2017. “Bridging Big Data and Qualitative Methods in the Social Sciences: A Case Study of Twitter Responses to High Profile Deaths by Suicide.” Online Social Networks and Media 1:33–43. doi: 10.1016/j.osnem.2017.01.002.

Lindell, Johan. 2017. “Bringing Field Theory to Social Media, and Vice-Versa: Network-Crawling an Economy of Recognition on Facebook.” Social Media + Society 3(4): 205630511773575. doi: 10.1177/2056305117735752.

Lindgren, Simon. 2020. Data Theory: Interpretive Sociology and Computational Methods. Cambridge: Polity.

Marres, Noortje. 2015. “Why Map Issues? On Controversy Analysis as a Digital Method.” Science, Technology, & Human Values 40(5):655–86. doi: 10.1177/0162243915574602.

Murti, Desideria C. W. 2020. “Gaze the Struggle of Others: The Representations of Rural Places and People of Indonesia in Tourism Media for Australian Tourists.” Journal of Communication Inquiry 44(3):231–55. doi: 10.1177/0196859920901326.

O’Connor, Noelle, and Sangkyun Kim. 2014. “Pictures and Prose: Exploring the Impact of Literary and Film Tourism.” Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change 12(1):1–17. doi: 10.1080/14766825.2013.862253.

O’Neil, Mathieu, and Robert Ackland. 2020a. Online Field Theory. edited by J. Hunsinger, M. M. Allen, and L. Klastrup. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

O’Neil, Mathieu, and Robert Ackland. 2020b. “Risk Issue Adoption in an Online Social Movement Field.” Information, Communication & Society 23(13):1854–73. doi: 10.1080/1369118X.2019.1620823.

Park, Han Woo. 2003. “Hyperlink Network Analysis: A New Method for the Study of Social Structure on the Web.” Connections 25(1):49–61.

Rahayu, Sri, Geetu Tuteja, Dewi Tojib, and Tserenko Yelena. 2021. “Australia-Indonesia Tourism: Rethinking Approaches to Motivation and Marketing.” pp. 113–36 in Australia-Indonesia Connections: Mobility, Youth, and Exchange, edited by J. Purdey. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press.

Rogers, Richard. 2002. “Operating Issue Networks on the Web.” Science as Culture 11(2):191–213. doi: 10.1080/09505430220137243.

Rogers, Richard. 2013. Digital Methods. Massachusetts: The MIT Press.

Salamah, Ummi, and Muhammad Rahmat Yananda. 2020. “The Many Faces of Wonderful Indonesia: Tourism Brand in Sixteen Countries Online News Sites.” Jurnal Komunikasi Indonesia 9(1):34–39.

Statista. 2022. “Most Used Search Engines by Brand in Australia 2023.” Retrieved (https://www.statista.com/forecasts/1004151/most-used-search-engines-by-brand-in-australia).

Sugiyarto, Guntur, Adam Blake, and M. The. Sinclair. 2003. “Tourism and Globalization: Economic Impact in Indonesia.” Annals of Tourism Research 30(3):683–701. doi: 10.1016/S0160-7383(03)00048-3.

The Jakarta Post. 2019. “Indonesia Wants at Least 1.5 Million Australian Tourists in 2019.” Retrieved (https://www.thejakartapost.com/travel/2019/02/12/indonesia-wants-at-least-1-5-million-australian-tourists-in-2019.html).

Thelwall, Michael. 2013. “Society on the Web’.” in The Oxford Handbook of Internet Studies. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Utomo, Ardi Priyatno. 2020. “Krisis Virus Corona, Australia Umumkan Tutup Negaranya dari Pendatang.” Kompas.com. Retrieved (https://www.kompas.com/global/read/2020/03/19/172126070/krisis-virus-corona-australia-umumkan-tutup-negaranya-dari-pendatang?page=all).

Venturini, Tommaso, and Anders Kristian Munk. 2021. Controversy Mapping: A Field Guide. Cambridge: Polity.

Walker, Jill. 2005. “Links and Power: The Political Economy of Linking on the Web.” Library Trends 53(4):524–29.

Wasserman, Stanley, and Katherine Faust. 1994. Social Network Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

WHO. 2022. “Statement on the Tenth Meeting of the International Health Regulations (2005) Emergency Committee Regarding the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Pandemic.” Retrieved (https://www.who.

int/news/item/19-01-2022-statement-on-the-tenth-meeting-of-the-international-health-regulations-(2005)-emergency-committee-regarding-the-coronavirus-disease-(covid-19)-pandemic)