PROBLEMATIKA YURIDIS LEGISLASI SYARIAT ISLAM DI PROVINSI NANGROE ACEH DARUSSALAM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21580/ahkam.2012.22.1.1Abstract
Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam (NAD) in the reform era is authorized returned to implement Sharīah (Islamic law). Its authority is justified by the l egal basis: Law No. 44 of 1999 on Privileges of Aceh, Law No. 18 of 2001 on Special Autonomy for the Province of Aceh as Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, and Law No. 11 of2006 regarding the Government of Aceh. From this legal basis, then followed by the formulation of regulations ( Qānūn) at the provincial level. But legislation of implementi ng shari'ah law in NAD contains problematic juridical. For instance: determining ofsanctions, in the form of whipping and one or two years imprisonment, considered against legislation in higher level. Another problem is that Syar'iyyah Court positions still below on the Supreme Court (MA) as the highest court. The efforts to open “special room” of Supreme Court in NAD is seen as a solution not to take it below on the Supreme Court, seen a contrary to the laws and regulations are higher. Likewise, the competence of Syar'iyyah Court particularly in handling a criminal cases is still obscure and there is a clash with the competence of the District Court.
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Provinsi Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam (NAD) pada era reformasi diberi kewenangan kembali untuk melaksanakan syariat Islam. Kewenangan ini dilandaskan pada payung hukum berupa UU No. 44 Tahun 1999 tentang Keistimewaan Aceh, UU No. 18 Tahun 2001 tentang Otonomi Khusus bagi Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Aceh sebagai Provinsi Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, dan UU No. 11 Tahun 2006 tentang Pemerintahan Aceh. Payung hukum tersebut kemudian ditindaklanjuti dengan pembuatan Perda atau Qānūnpada tingkat Provinsi NAD. Namun legislasi pelaksanaan syariat Islam di Provinsi NAD mengandung problematika yuridis. Penentuan bentuk sanksi berupa cambuk dan kadar sanksi berupa penjara 1 (satu) atau 2 (dua) tahun b ertentangan dengan peraturan perundang-undangan yang lebih tinggi. Problem lain adalah masih bertumpunya peradilan Mahkamah Syar‘iyyah pada Mahkamah Agung (MA) sebagai puncak peradilan. Upaya pembukaan “kamar khusus” MA di Provin si NAD yang dipandang sebagai solusi agar tidak bertumpu pada MA, justru bertenta ngan dengan peraturan perundangundangan yang lebih tinggi. Demikian juga, kompetensi Mahkamah Syar‘iyyah khususnya dalam menangani perkara pidana masih kabur dan terjadi benturan dengan kompetensi Pengadilan Negeri.
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Keyword: syariat Islam, Provinsi NAD, Mahkamah Syar’iyyah, yuridis
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