Reconstructing Marriage Dispensations in Indonesia: Child Protection through Human Rights and Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘a
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21580/ahkam.2026.36.2.32533Keywords:
child marriage, children’s rights, human rights, marriage dispensation, maqāṣid al-sharī‘aAbstract
Marriage dispensations create tension between minimum marriage age requirements and child protection when pregnancy or social pressure overrides risk assessment. This study develops a reconstruction framework that integrates human rights and maqāṣid al-sharī’a. Normative legal research combines statutory, conceptual, illustrative case, and limited comparative approaches, examining Indonesian legislation, a Surakarta determination, a curated Soreang summary, and Egyptian provisions. Findings show that procedural compliance does not establish substantive protection. The cases illustrate divergent outcomes through harm-prevention reasoning, although unequal source completeness limits comparison. Egyptian provisions offer normative insight into registration accountability, medical examinations, and protective monitoring. The proposed framework assesses urgency, risk, and children’s views, alternatives, and protection after determination. Recommendations emphasize individualized assessment, meaningful participation, coordinated services, and monitoring parental commitments within institutional mandates, whether applications are granted or denied. Pregnancy should not automatically justify dispensation. These normative findings establish neither nationwide judicial patterns nor the effectiveness of implementation, requiring further empirical investigation.
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