Antibacterial activity of actinomycetes associated with clove plant (Syzygium aromaticum) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

Oktira Roka Aji*  -  Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Indonesia
Mar'atul Azizah  -  Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Indonesia

(*) Corresponding Author
DOI: 10.21580/jnsmr.2023.9.2.16702

Actinomycetes form associations with plants through colonizing plant tissues (endophytes) or by residing in the soil around some plants' roots (rhizosphere). Actinomycetes are known to produce antibacterial compounds. This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial activity of actinomycetes associated with the clove plant (Syzygium aromaticum) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Actinomycetes were isolated from clove plants and the rhizosphere, and their antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was evaluated using the agar plug method, where the presence of transparent zones around 10-day-old actinomycete growth indicated inhibition of bacterial growth. Four isolates showed inhibitory effects against Staphylococcus aureus, while only three isolates, B.4, T.3, and T.4, demonstrated inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli, as indicated by the presence of inhibition zones. Isolate T.3 exhibited the highest inhibition zone of 8.5 mm against S. aureus, whereas B.4 displayed the highest inhibition zone of 7.7 mm against E. coli. In conclusion, the actinomycetes found in clove plants (Syzygium aromaticum) demonstrate antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, indicating their potential as antibacterial agents.

Keywords: Antibacterial; actinomycetes; Escherichia coli; Syzygium aromaticum; Staphylococcus aureus

  1. Aamir, M., Rai, K., Zehra, A., Dubey, M., Samal, S., Yadav, M., & Upadhyay, R. (2020). Endophytic actinomycetes in bioactive compounds production and plant defense system. Microbial Endophytes, 189-229. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-818734-0.00009-7
  2. Aminingsih, T., Nashrianto, H., dan Rohman, A. J. (2012). Potensi Antibakteri Terhadap Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus dan Identifikasi Senyawa Ekstrak Heksana Bandotan (Ageratum conyzoides
  3. L.). Fitofarmaka, 2(1): 18-26. https://doi.org/10.33751/jf.v2i1.163
  4. Anandan, R., Dharumadurai, D and Manogaran, G. P. (2016). An Introduction to Actinobacteria, Actinobacteria - Basics and Biotechnological Applications, Dharumadurai Dhanasekaran and Yi Jiang, IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/62329
  5. Balouiri, M., Sadiki, M., & Ibnsouda, S. K. (2016). Methods for in vitro evaluating antimicrobial activity: A review. Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, 6(2), 71–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpha.2015.11.005
  6. Budhathoki, S., & Shrestha, A. (2020). Screening of Actinomycetes From Soil for Antibacterial Activity. Nepal Journal of Biotechnology, 8(3): 102-110. https://doi.org/10.3126/njb.v8i3.33664
  7. Chen, J., Xu, L., Zhou, Y., & Han, B. (2021). Natural Products from Actinomycetes Associated with Marine Organisms. Marine Drugs, 19(11), 629. https://doi.org/10.3390/md19110629
  8. Dadgostar, P. (2019). Antimicrobial Resistance: Implications and Costs. Infect Drug Resist, 12, 3903-3910. https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S234610
  9. David W. W. and Stout T. R. (1971). Disc plate method of microbiological antibiotic assay. I. Factors influencing variability and error. Applied Microbiology, 22, 659-665.
  10. De Simeis D, Serra S. Actinomycetes: A Never-Ending Source of Bioactive Compounds-An Overview on Antibiotics Production. Antibiotics (Basel), 10(5), 483. PMID: 33922100; PMCID: PMC8143475. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10050483
  11. Elshafie, H. S., & Camele, I. (2022). Rhizospheric Actinomycetes Revealed Antifungal and Plant Growth-Promoting Activities under Controlled Environment. Plants (Basel, Switzerland), 11(14), 1872. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants11141872
  12. Gajdács, M., & Albericio, F. (2019). Antibiotic Resistance: From the Bench to Patients. Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 8(3), 129. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics8030129
  13. Guo, Y., Song, G., Sun, M., Wang, J., & Wang, Y. (2020). Prevalence and Therapies of Antibiotic Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 10, 107. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2020.00107
  14. Jiang, Y., Li, Q., Chen, X., & Jiang, C. (2016). Isolation and cultivation methods of Actinobacteria. In D. Dhanasekaran & Y. Jiang (Eds.), Actinobacteria-Basics and Biotechnological Applications
  15. (Vol. 2, pp. 39-57). InTech. https://doi.org/10.5772/61457
  16. Katili A. & Retnowati Y. (2017). Short Communication: Isolation of Actinomycetes from mangrove ecosystem in Torosiaje, Gorontalo, Indonesia. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 18(2), 826-833. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d180259
  17. Klein, E. Y., Tseng, K. K., Pant, S., & Laxminarayan, R. (2019). Tracking global trends in the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy using the Drug Resistance Index. BMJ Global Health, 4(2), e001315. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001315
  18. Lee, D. S., Lee, S. J., & Choe, H. S. (2018). Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infection by Escherichia coli in the Era of Antibiotic Resistance. BioMed Research International, 2018, 7656752. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/7656752
  19. Li, Q., Chen, X., Jiang, Y and Jiang, C. 2016. Morphological Identification of Actinobacteria, Actinobacteria - Basics and Biotechnological Applications, Dharumadurai Dhanasekaran and Yi Jiang. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/61461
  20. Lubis, S. S. (2015). Penapisan Bakteri Laut Penghasil Antimikroba dari Pesisir Serdang Bedagai Sumatera Utara. Journal of Islamic Science and Technology,1(1): 87-96.
  21. Mfoutou Mapanguy, C. C., Adedoja, A., Kecka, L. G. V., Vouvoungui, J. C., Nguimbi, E., Velavan, T. P., & Ntoumi, F. (2021). High prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli in Congolese students. International Journal of Infectious Diseases: IJID: Official Publication of the
  22. International Society for Infectious Diseases, 103, 119–123.
  23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.1441
  24. Nalini, M. S., & Prakash, H. S. (2017). Diversity and bioprospecting of actinomycete endophytes from medicinal plants. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 64(4), 261–270. https://doi.org/10.1111/lam.12718
  25. Natsagdorj, O., Bekh-Ochir, D., Baljinova, T., Iizaka, Y., Fukumoto, A., & Kato, F. et al. (2021). Bioactive compounds and molecular diversity of endophytic actinobacteria isolated from desert plants. IOP Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science, 908(1), 012008.
  26. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/908/1/012008
  27. Oberhofer, M., Hess, J., Leutgeb, M., Gössnitzer, F., Rattei, T., Wawrosch, C., & Zotchev, S. B. (2019). Exploring Actinobacteria Associated With Rhizosphere and Endosphere of the Native Alpine Medicinal Plant Leontopodium nivale Subspecies alpinum. Frontiers in Microbiology, 10, 2531. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02531
  28. Ortlieb, N., Klenk, E., Kulik, A., & Niedermeyer, T. H. J. (2021). Development of an agar-plug cultivation system for bioactivity assays of actinomycete strain collections. PloS One, 16(11), e0258934. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258934
  29. Passari, A. K., Mishra, V. K., Saikia, R., Gupta, V. K., & Singh, B. P. (2015). Isolation, abundance and phylogenetic affiliation of endophytic actinomycetes associated with medicinal plants and screening for their in vitro antimicrobial biosynthetic potential. Frontiers in Microbiology,
  30. , 273. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00273
  31. Quach, N. T., Nguyen, Q. H., Vu, T. H. N., Le, T. T. H., Ta, T. T. T., Nguyen, T. D., Van Doan, T., Van Nguyen, T., Dang, T. T., Nguyen, X. C., Chu, H. H., & Phi, Q. T. (2021). Plant-derived bioactive compounds produced by Streptomyces variabilis LCP18 associated with Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers as potential target to combat human pathogenic bacteria and human cancer cell lines. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology: [Publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology], 52(3), 1215–1224. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-021-00510-6
  32. Rozirwan, R., Muda, H., & Ulqodry, T. (2020). Short Communication: Antibacterial potential of Actinomycetes isolated from mangrove sediment in Tanjung Api-Api, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas
  33. Journal of Biological Diversity, 21(12). https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d211232
  34. Saha, M., & Sarkar, A. (2021). Review on Multiple Facets of Drug Resistance: A Rising Challenge in the 21st Century. Journal of Xenobiotics, 11(4), 197–214. https://doi.org/10.3390/jox11040013
  36. Saini, P., Gangwar, M., Kalia, A., Singh, N., & Narang, D. (2016). Isolation of endophytic actinomycetes from Syzygium cumini and their antimicrobial activity against human pathogens. Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 8(1), 416-422. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v8i1.809
  37. Sarika, K., Sampath, G., Kaveriyappan Govindarajan, R., Ameen, F., Alwakeel, S., Al Gwaiz, H. I., Raja Komuraiah, T., & Ravi, G. (2021). Antimicrobial and antifungal activity of soil actinomycetes isolated from coal mine sites. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 28(6), 3553–3558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.03.029
  38. Selim MSM, Abdelhamid SA, Mohamed SS. Secondary metabolites and biodiversity of actinomycetes. J Genet Eng Biotechnol, 19(1), 72. PMID: 33982192; PMCID: PMC8116480. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43141-021-00156-9
  39. Seok, H., Choi, J. Y., Wi, Y. M., Park, D. W., Peck, K. R., & Ko, K. S. (2020). Fosfomycin Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolates from South Korea and in vitro Activity of Fosfomycin Alone and in Combination with Other Antibiotics. Antibiotics, 9(3), 112. MDPI AG. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9030112
  40. Sulis, G., Sayood, S., & Gandra, S. (2022). Antimicrobial resistance in low- and middle-income countries: current status and future directions. Expert Review of Anti-Infective Therapy, 20(2), 147–160. https://doi.org/10.1080/14787210.2021.1951705

Open Access Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Research
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Journal of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Research
Published by Faculty of Science and Technology
Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang

Jl Prof. Dr. Hamka Kampus III Ngaliyan Semarang 50185
Website: https://journal.walisongo.ac.id/index.php/JNSMR
Email:jnsmr@walisongo.ac.id

ISSN: 2614-6487 (Print)
ISSN: 2460-4453 (Online)

View My Stats

Lisensi Creative Commons

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Lisensi Creative Commons .

apps