Dwangsom and Judgment Enforcement in Land Disputes from an Islamic and Indonesian Law Perspective
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21580/ahkam.2026.36.1.31164Keywords:
dwangsom, Islamic law, judgment enforcement, land disputesAbstract
Land ownership disputes often result in final and binding civil judgments that are ineffective in practice, leaving the prevailing party with only a normative victory and no actual restoration of rights. Dwangsom functions as a coercive mechanism to ensure compliance with judgments; however, its application in Indonesia remains jurisprudential and lacks a standardized operational framework. Moreover, studies integrating dwangsom within the frameworks of justice in judgment enforcement, maqāṣid al-sharī‘a, and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) remain limited. This article examines dwangsom as an instrument of judgment enforcement by analyzing Supreme Court Decision No. 1429K/Pdt/2006. It evaluates its relevance from the perspectives of maqāṣid al-sharī‘a and SDG 16. Employing a normative juridical method with statutory, case, and conceptual approaches, the study finds that dwangsom is effective in enforcing non-monetary obligations by altering the incentives of non-compliant parties and accelerating the restoration of rights. It further develops a maqāṣid-based framework for the enforcement of judgments, comprising three indicators: legal certainty, expediency, and proportionality. This framework positions dwangsom as a strategic tool to strengthen the effectiveness of court decisions and enhance access to justice.
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