PENENTUAN HARI DALAM SISTEM KALENDER HIJRIAH
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21580/ahkam.2016.26.1.878Keywords:
hari, hilal, kalender, GMT (Greenwich Mean Time)Abstract
Calendar is an organizing system to calculate the time for a certain period. By convention, the day is the smallest unit of the calendar, while the measurement part of a day using timing systems (hours, minutes, and seconds). Some calendar systems refers to an astronomical cycle, follow the rules anyway. The concept of day used by most people on earth is the concept of the day where the day begins at midnight and the day started on
line within 1800 of the City of Greenwich. This qualitative study intends to analyze the determination of days in the Hijriyah calendar. The main problem is the disagreement about the start of the day and where the beginning of the day begins. In contrast to the international community in general, Muslims have several criteria to determine where and when the day begins in Islam. There are three opinions about the beginning of the
day. First, the dawn as a benchmark of the start of the day. Second, the start of the day occurs when the setting sun. Third, the day began at midnight (00:00).
Kalender merupakan sebuah sistem pengorganisasian untuk menghitung waktu selama periode tertentu. Secara konvensi, hari adalah unit kalender terkecil, sementara untuk pengukuran bagian dari sebuah hari digunakan sistem perhitungan waktu (jam, menit, dan detik). Beberapa sistem kalender mengacu kepada suatu siklus astronomi, mengikuti aturan yang tetap. Konsep hari yang dipakai oleh sebagian besar manusia di
bumi adalah konsep hari dimana hari dimulai pada tengah malam dan hari dimulai di garis yang berjarak 1800 dari Kota Greenwich. Penelitian kualitatif ini bermaksud untuk menganalisis penentuan hari dalam kalender Hijriah. Masalah utama adalah perbedaan pendapat tentang awal hari dan di mana awal hari dimulai. Berbeda dengan masyarakat
dunia pada umumnya, umat Islam mempunyai beberapa kriteria dalam menentukan dimana dan kapan hari dimulai dalam Islam. Ada tiga pendapat tentang permulaan hari. Pertama, fajar dijadikan patokan dari permulaan hari. Kedua, permulaan hari terjadi saat terbenamnya matahari. Ketiga, hari dimulai sejak tengah malam (pukul 00.00).
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