FENOMENOLOGI AGAMA: PENDEKATAN FENOMENOLOGI UNTUK MEMAHAMI AGAMA

Heddy Shri Ahimsa-Putra*  -  Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

(*) Corresponding Author

In this article the author explains what is called ‘phenomeno­logical approach’ in the study of religion. Starting from Husserl’s philosophy of phenomenology, the author tracing its influences in social science through one of Husserl’s students, Alfred Schutz. Based on Husserl’s ideas developed by Schutz, the author presents his views how those ideas can be applied in the study of religion, and how religion can be defined phenomeno­logically. The author further explains some methodo­logical ethical implications of doing phenomeno­logical research on religion.

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Dalam tulisan ini penulis menjelaskan apa yang disebut ‘pen­dekatan feno­menologi’ dalam kajian agama. Berangkat dari filsafat fenomeno­logi Husserl, penulis melacak pe­ngaruhnya pada ilmu sosial melalui salah seorang murid Husserl, Alfred Schultz. Berdasarkan ide Husserl yang di­kembangkan oleh Schultz, penulis menyajikan pan­dang­an­nya bagaimana ide-ide itu dapat diterapkan dalam kajian agama, dan bagaimana agama dapat didefinisikan secara fenomenologis. Penulis selanjutnya menjelaskan beberapa impli­kasi etis metodologis jika me­lakukan kajian fenomeno­logis terhadap agama.

Keywords: pendekatan fenomenologi; studi agama

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