News coverage of the Palestinian conflict with Israel: A framing analysis of the October 7, 2023, Hamas attack

Malik Ibrahim; Agus Riyadi; Kiki Andriani; Nanda Elma Fitriani; Aslikhatul Ummah Sofi Alif

doi:10.21580/icj.2025.10.2.25118

Authors

Malik Ibrahim Universitas Muhammadiyah Madiun, Indonesia
Agus Riyadi Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6378-4784
Kiki Andriani Universitas Muhammadiyah Madiun, Indonesia
Nanda Elma Fitriani Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Aslikhatul Ummah Sofi Alif Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21580/icj.2025.10.2.25118

Keywords:

Palestinian conflict, Israel, framing analysis, Hamas attack, October 7, 2023

Abstract

One of the prolonged conflicts between Palestine and Israel has yet to find a solution. This study aims to explore Indonesian online media in framing news about the Palestinian-Israeli conflict during the Hamas attack on October 7, 2023. It analyzes the factors that influence framing, public opinion, and foreign policy. This study uses qualitative research with a framing analysis approach. As for data collection techniques through observation, digital searches, news selection, and documentation. Data analysis uses Robert N. Entman's framing model, and data validity uses audit trails. The results show that Indonesian media frames the conflict with different emphases within a strong pro-Palestinian consensus. Kompas.com and CNBC Indonesia emphasize the cycle of structural violence, Liputan6.com focuses on the humanitarian tragedy, SINDOnews.com sees it as a geopolitical maneuver, and Metrotvnews.com sees it as a struggle for independence. Although varied, all media outlets show sympathy for Palestine with ambiguous diction for Hamas and encourage diplomatic solutions. This framing is shaped by a national consensus based on religious solidarity, anti-colonial identity, and alignment between public opinion, government policy, and media coverage. This study contributes to Islamic communication scholarship by showing how religious solidarity, justice, and anti-colonialism shape media framing and mediate the relationship between Muslim public opinion, state policy, and media discourse.

*****

Salah satu konflik berkepanjangan antara Palestina dan Israel belum menemukan solusi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi media online Indonesia dalam membingkai berita konflik Palestina-Israil pada serangan Hamas tanggal 7 Oktober 2023. Menganalisis faktor yang mempengaruhi framing, opini publik dan kebijakan luar negeri. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan analisis framing. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan observasi, pencarian digital, seleksi berita dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dengan model framing Robert N. Entman, dan validitas data dengan audit trail. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, media Indonesia membingkai konflik dengan penekanan berbeda dalam konsensus pro-Palestina yang kuat. Kompas.com dan CNBC Indonesia menekankan siklus kekerasan struktural, Liputan6.com fokus pada tragedi kemanusiaan, SINDOnews.com melihatnya sebagai manuver geopolitik, dan Metrotvnews.com sebagai perjuangan kemerdekaan. Meski variatif, semua media menunjukkan simpati pada Palestina dengan diksi ambigu untuk Hamas serta mendorong solusi diplomatik. Framing ini dibentuk oleh konsensus nasional berbasis solidaritas agama, identitas anti-kolonial, dan keselarasan antara opini publik, kebijakan pemerintah, serta pemberitaan media. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada kajian komunikasi Islam dengan menunjukkan bagaimana solidaritas keagamaan, keadilan, dan anti-kolonialisme membentuk framing media serta memediasi hubungan antara opini publik Muslim, kebijakan negara, dan wacana media.

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