Pregnancy Risks of Young Mothers in Medical Discourse and Cultural Settings

Anisa Puspa Rani*  -  Department of Sociology, Faculty of Law, Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Mataram, Mataram, Indonesia
Heru Nugroho  -  Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Desintha Dwi Asriani    -  Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

(*) Corresponding Author
DOI: 10.21580/sa.v18i1.17689
East Lombok Regency, despite implementing pregnancy health programs, grapples with a persistently high pregnancy risk. This study investigates the disparity between medical and Sasak cultural perspectives on young mothers’ pregnancy risks. Qualitative case study research reveals a conflict between community sociocultural narratives and medical viewpoints. Cultural norms normalize medical narratives, shaping pre-marital reproductive arrangements, body perceptions, and idealized pregnancy concepts. Young mothers, influenced by cultural values, accept pregnancy as a collective social process within the family. The study emphasizes the impact of cultural determinism on shaping perceptions and preferences for young mothers’ pregnancy health, highlighting the need for an integrated approach that bridges medical and cultural perspectives to address and mitigate pregnancy risks effectively.

Keywords: discipline on women’s body; pregnancy risk; young women

  1. Ahorlu, Collins K, Constanze Pfeiffer, and Brigit Obrist. “Sociocultural and Economic Factors Influencing Adolescents’ Resilience against the Threat of Teenage Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Accra, Ghana.” Reproductive Health 12, no. 1 (2015): 117. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-015-0113-9.
  2. Arai, Lisa. “What a Difference a Decade Makes: Rethinking Teenage Pregnancy as a Problem.” Social Policy and Society 8, no. 2 (2009): 171–83. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474746408004703.
  3. Barroso, Carina Joane V, and Red Robin P Babanto. “Unwanted Teenage Pregnancies: Sociological Model Based on Agents.” Asia Pacific Journal of Social and Behavioral Sciences 13 (2017). https://doi.org/10.57200/apjsbs.v13i0.121.
  4. Beinempaka, Florence, Basil Tibanyendera, Fortunate Atwine, Teddy Kyomuhangi, and Noni E MacDonald. “The Practice of Traditional Rituals and Customs in Newborns by Mothers in Selected Villages in Southwest Uganda.” Paediatrics & Child Health 19, no. 2 (2014): 72–72. https://doi.org/10.1093/pch/19.2.72.
  5. Bennett, Linda Rae. “Early Marriage, Adolescent Motherhood, and Reproductive Rights for Young Sasak Mothers in Lombok.” Wacana, Journal of the Humanities of Indonesia 15, no. 1 (2013): 66–86. https://doi.org/10.17510/wjhi.v15i1.105.
  6. ———. “Indigenous Healing Knowledge and Infertility in Indonesia: Learning about Cultural Safety from Sasak Midwives.” Medical Anthropology 36, no. 2 (2017): 111–24. https://doi.org/10.1080/01459740.2016.1142990.
  7. Bennett, Linda Rae, Budi Wiweko, Lauren Bell, Nadia Shafira, Mulyoto Pangestu, I.B Putra Adayana, Aucky Hinting, and Gregory Armstrong. “Reproductive Knowledge and Patient Education Needs among Indonesian Women Infertility Patients Attending Three Fertility Clinics.” Patient Education and Counseling 98, no. 3 (2015): 364–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2014.11.016.
  8. Carver, Nicole, and Bernadette Ward. “Spirituality in Pregnancy: A Diversity of Experiences and Needs.” British Journal of Midwifery 15, no. 5 (May 2007): 294–96. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjom.2007.15.5.23410.
  9. Colquhoun, Lisa, and Pamela Nilan. “Early Marriage among Sasak Boys in Rural North Lombok.” Jurnal Studi Pemuda 9, no. 2 (2020): 150–62. https://doi.org/10.22146/studipemudaugm.56370.
  10. Corcoran, Jacqueline. “Teenage Pregnancy and Mental Health.” Societies 6, no. 3 (2016): 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/soc6030021.
  11. Dworsky, Amy, and Mark E Courtney. “The Risk of Teenage Pregnancy among Transitioning Foster Youth: Implications for Extending State Care beyond Age 18.” Children and Youth Services Review 32, no. 10 (2010): 1351–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2010.06.002.
  12. Eklund, Mette Vingborg, Christina Prinds, Sofie Mørk, Maiken Damm, Sören Möller, and Dorte Hvidtjørn. “Parents’ Religious/Spiritual Beliefs, Practices, Changes and Needs after Pregnancy or Neonatal Loss—A Danish Cross-Sectional Study.” Death Studies 46, no. 6 (2022): 1529–39. https://doi.org/10.1080/07481187.2020.1821260.
  13. Grace, Karen Trister, and Christina Fleming. “A Systematic Review of Reproductive Coercion in International Settings.” World Medical & Health Policy 8, no. 4 (December 2016): 382–408. https://doi.org/10.1002/wmh3.209.
  14. Gyan, Sylvia Esther, Collins Ahorlu, Dan-Bright S Dzorgbo, and Clara K Fayorsey. “Social Capital and Adolescent Girls’ Resilience to Teenage Pregnancy in Begoro, Ghana.” Journal of Biosocial Science 49, no. 3 (2017): 334–47. https://doi.org/10.1017/S002193201600047X.
  15. Hasanah, Hasyim. “Pemahaman Kesehatan Reproduksi bagi Perempuan: Sebuah Strategi Mencegah Berbagai Resiko Masalah Reproduksi Remaja.” Sawwa: Jurnal Studi Gender 11, no. 2 (2017): 229–52. https://doi.org/10.21580/sa.v11i2.1456.
  16. Hoggart, Lesley. “‘I’m Pregnant … What Am I Going to Do?’ An Examination of Value Judgements and Moral Frameworks in Teenage Pregnancy Decision Making.” Health, Risk & Society 14, no. 6 (2012): 533–49. https://doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2012.706263.
  17. Intan, Tania. “Fenomena Tabu Makanan pada Perempuan Indonesia dalam Perspektif Antropologi Feminis.” Palastren Jurnal Studi Gender 11, no. 2 (2018): 233. https://doi.org/10.21043/palastren.v11i2.3757.
  18. Koffman, Ofra. “Children Having Children? Religion, Psychology and the Birth of the Teenage Pregnancy Problem.” History of the Human Sciences 25, no. 1 (2012): 119–34. https://doi.org/10.1177/0952695111426383.
  19. Krugu, John Kingsley, Fraukje Mevissen, Meret Münkel, and Robert Ruiter. “Beyond Love: A Qualitative Analysis of Factors Associated with Teenage Pregnancy among Young Women with Pregnancy Experience in Bolgatanga, Ghana.” Culture, Health & Sexuality 19, no. 3 (2017): 293–307. https://doi.org/10.1080/13691058.2016.1216167.
  20. Liamputtong, Pranee, Susanha Yimyam, Sukanya Parisunyakul, Chavee Baosoung, and Nantaporn Sansiriphun. “Traditional Beliefs about Pregnancy and Child Birth among Women from Chiang Mai, Northern Thailand.” Midwifery 21, no. 2 (2005): 139–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2004.05.002.
  21. Luttrell, Wendy. “Where Inequality Lives in the Body: Teenage Pregnancy, Public Pedagogies and Individual Lives.” Sport, Education and Society 16, no. 3 (2011): 295–308. https://doi.org/10.1080/13573322.2011.565962.
  22. Mintarsih, Widayat. “Pendampingan Kelas Ibu Hamil melalui Layanan Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam untuk Mengurangi Kecemasan Proses Persalinan.” Sawwa: Jurnal Studi Gender 12, no. 2 (2017): 277–96. https://doi.org/10.21580/sa.v12i2.1545.
  23. Mustapha, A. A., O. A. Akpor, and F. Muhammad. “Religion and Pregnancy: Post-Partum Mothers Religious Beliefs and Practices in an Urban Area in Southwestern Nigeria.” Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology 25, no. 4 (2021): 4692–4702. https://annalsofrscb.ro/index.php/journal/article/view/3017.
  24. Mutmainnah, Muthia, and Yati Afiyanti. “The Experiences of Spirituality during Pregnancy and Child Birth in Indonesian Muslim Women.” Enfermería Clínica 29 (2019): 495–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.04.074.
  25. Neiterman, Elena. “Doing Pregnancy: Pregnant Embodiment as Performance.” Women’s Studies International Forum 35, no. 5 (2012): 372–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsif.2012.07.004.
  26. Nilan, Pam. “Youth Transitions to Urban, Middle-Class Marriage in Indonesia: Faith, Family and Finances.” Journal of Youth Studies 11, no. 1 (2008): 65–82. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676260701690402.
  27. Nilan, Pam, Lyn Parker, Kathryn Robinson, and Linda Bennett. “Contemporary Indonesian Youth Transitions: Trends and Inequalities.” In Youth Identities and Social Transformations in Modern Indonesia, 23–46. Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004307445_003.
  28. Nilsson, Johanna. “The Right to Reproductive Choice in Lombok Indonesia: A Minor Field Study on National Implementation of International Human Rights Law.” [Master thesis]. Faculty of Law, Lund University, 2005. https://lup.lub.lu.se/luur/download?func=downloadFile&recordOId=1560532&fileOId=1565342.
  29. NTB Satu Data. “Jumlah Kematian Ibu Berdasarkan Penyebab Provinsi NTB 2021,” 2021. https://data.ntbprov.go.id/dataset/jumlah-kematian-ibu-menurut-penyebab-di-provinsi-ntb/resource/f8d4a632-a498-4890-ac53#%7Bview.
  30. Ohaja, Magdalena, Jo Murphy-Lawless, and Margaret Dunlea. “Religion and Spirituality in Pregnancy and Birth: The Views of Birth Practitioners in Southeast Nigeria.” Religions 10, no. 2 (2019): 82. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel10020082.
  31. Pergialiotis, V., D.-E. G. Vlachos, E. Gkioka, K. Tsotra, N. Papantoniou, and G. D. Vlachos. “Teenage Pregnancy Antenatal and Perinatal Morbidity: Results from a Tertiary Centre in Greece.” Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 35, no. 6 (2015): 595–99. https://doi.org/10.3109/01443615.2014.991285.
  32. Rao, A. A. Kameswar, V. V. Sastry, and A. SaiRam. “Social Customs among Mothers during Pregnancy in Karimnagar District, Telangana.” MRIMS Journal of Health Sciences 4, no. 4 (2016): 184. https://doi.org/10.4103/2321-7006.302274.
  33. Ritzer, Goerge. Sociological Theory. New Delhi: McGraw Hill Education Pvt. Limited, 2011.
  34. Robinson, Kathryn, ed. Youth Identities and Social Transformations in Modern Indonesia. Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2016.
  35. Sagili, Haritha, N Pramya, Karthiga Prabhu, Mariano Mascarenhas, and P. Reddi Rani. “Are Teenage Pregnancies at High Risk? A Comparison Study in a Developing Country.” Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 285, no. 3 (2012): 573–77. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-011-1987-6.
  36. Tanada, Saki. “The Mother-Child Bonding in Pregnancy, Childbirth, and Postnatal: An Ethnographic Study of Birthing among the Sasak People in Lombok.” [Doctoral thesis]. Graduate School of Human and Socio-Environmental Studies, Kanazawa University, 2018. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/222815228.pdf.
  37. Telle, Kari. “Spirited Places and Ritual Dynamics among Sasak Muslims on Lombok.” Anthropological Forum 19, no. 3 (2009): 289–306. https://doi.org/10.1080/00664670903278411.
  38. WHO. “WHO Discussion Papers on Adolescence: Adolescent Pregnancy – Unmet Needs and Undone Deeds.” World Health Organization, 2007. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241595650.
  39. Wulandari, Eka Aprilia, Tantut Susanto, and Kholid Rosyidi Muhammad Nur. “The Relationship of Parenting Style and Perception of Sexuality, Gender and Norm of Reproductive Health among Adolescents.” Sawwa: Jurnal Studi Gender 15, no. 1 (2020): 1–16. https://doi.org/10.21580/sa.v15i1.3416.
  40. Yardley, Elizabeth. “Teenage Mothers’ Experiences of Stigma.” Journal of Youth Studies 11, no. 6 (2008): 671–84. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676260802392940.

Open Access Copyright (c) 2023 Sawwa: Jurnal Studi Gender
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Publisher:
Center for Gender and Child Studies (Pusat Studi Gender dan Anak)
LP2M, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo, Semarang.
Central Java, Indonesia

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License

Sawwa Visitor Statistics
 
apps