Religious Expression of Young Muslim Women's Identity amid Diversity in Bali

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21580/sa.v20i2.28370

Keywords:

Bali, diversity, religious expression, young Muslim

Abstract

Religious expression among minority groups often unfolds within complex negotiations between identity, social acceptance, and cultural diversity. This study explores the dynamics of religious expression among young Muslim women in Bali within the context of sociocultural diversity and the challenges of being a minority. Bali, as a global tourism destination, has a history of Muslim communities dating back to the 14th century coexisting with the Hindu majority. The research employs a descriptive-qualitative method, utilizing participant observation, in-depth interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), and document analysis. Primary data were collected from young Muslim women, community leaders, and Islamic youth organizations in Bali. The results reveal that young Muslim women face significant challenges, including religious discrimination, social pressure in expressing their faith, limited access to religious education, difficulties in obtaining halal food, and religious conversion due to marital pressures. On the other hand, they utilize social media as a new space to express their religious identities. In interfaith interactions, young Muslim women demonstrate adaptability to local norms while facing tensions between religious identity and social demands. Theoretically, this research enriches the discourse on the relationship between identity, religious minorities, and religious expression in multicultural contexts such as Bali.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Afrianti, Nila Afiatul. “Analisis Wacana Pemberitaan Pelarangan Pemakaian Jilbab bagi Siswi di Bali pada Surat Kabar Harian Republika Edisi Februari-Mei 2014.” Undergraduate Thesis, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, 2015.

Ardhana, I. Ketut, F. X. Soenaryo, and Suwitha Sulandjari. “Komodifikasi Identitas Bali Kontemporer,” 2012.

Azca, Muhammad Najib. “Yang Muda, yang Radikal: Refleksi Sosiologis terhadap Fenomena Radikalisme Kaum Muda Muslim di Indonesia Pasca Orde Baru.” Jurnal Maarif 8, no. 1 (2013): 14–44.

Bagus, I. G. N. Laporan Penelitian Tentang Latar Belakang Sosial-Budaya Komunitas Bali Melayu/Loloan dan Repertoar Bahasa Bali–Melayu–Indonesia. Singaraja: Balai Penelitian Bahasa Singaraja, 1978.

Baraas, Ahmad. “Larangan Jilbab, SMAN 2 Denpasar Berlindung dengan Aturan Sekolah.” Republika, January 6, 2024. https://news.republika.co.id/berita/myz8y6/larangan-jilbab-sman-2-denpasar-berlindung-dengan-aturan-sekolah.

Barth, Fredrik. “Kelompok Etnik Dan Batasannya,” 1988.

BBC News Indonesia. “Serangan Bom di Tiga Gereja Surabaya: Pelaku Bom Bunuh Diri ‘Perempuan yang Membawa Dua Anak.’” BBC News Indonesia, May 13, 2018. https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/indonesia-44097913#orb-banner.

Berty, Teddy Tri Setio. “10 Fakta Dibalik Tragedi 9/11 Yang Terjadi 17 Tahun Silam.” Liputan6, September 10, 2018. https://www.liputan6.com/global/read/3640694/10-fakta-di-balik-tragedi-911-yang-terjadi-17-tahun-silam.

Beta, Annisa R. “Commerce, Piety and Politics: Indonesian Young Muslim Women’s Groups as Religious Influencers.” New Media & Society 21, no. 10 (2019): 2140–59. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444819838774.

Beta, Annisa R. “Hijabers: How Young Urban Muslim Women Redefine Themselves in Indonesia.” International Communication Gazette 76, no. 4–5 (2014): 377–89. https://doi.org/10.1177/1748048514524103.

Brenner, Suzanne. “Reconstructing Self and Society: Javanese Muslim Women and ‘the Veil.’” American Ethnologist 23, no. 4 (1996): 673–97. https://doi.org/10.1525/ae.1996.23.4.02a00010.

Bunt, Gary R. IMuslims: Rewiring the House of Islam. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2009.

Bunt, Gary R. Islam in the Digital Age: E-Jihad, Online Fatwas and Cyber Islamic Environments. London: Pluto Press, 2015. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt18fs6ck.

Burhanuddin, Yudhis Muhammad. Bali Yang Hilang: Pendatang, Islam, dan Etnisitas di Bali. 5th ed. Yogyakarta: Kanisius, 2012.

Campbell, Heidi A. “Introduction: The Rise of the Study of Digital Religion.” In Digital Religion, 1–31. London: Routledge, 2012.

CNN Indonesia. “Senator Bali Arya Wedakarna Buka Suara Soal Viral Ucapan Hijab.” CNN Indonesia, January 2, 2024. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20240102150034-32-1044373/senator-bali-arya-wedakarna-buka-suara-soal-viral-ucapan-hijab.

Crapps, Robert W. An Introduction to Psychology of Religion. Macon: Mercer University Press, 1986.

Dwisaptani, Rani, and Jenny Lukito Setiawan. “Konversi Agama dalam Kehidupan Pernikahan.” Humaniora 20, no. 3 (2008): 327–39. https://journal.ugm.ac.id/jurnal-humaniora/article/view/948/.

Eickelman, Dale F., and Jon W. Anderson. “Redefining Muslim Publics.” In New Media in the Muslim World, 2nd ed., 1–18. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2003.

El-Nawawy, Mohammed, and Sahar Khamis. Islam Dot Com: Contemporary Islamic Discourses in Cyberspace. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230622661.

Fahham, Achmad Muchaddam. “Dinamika Hubungan Antarumat Beragama: Pola Hubungan Muslim dan Hindu Di Bali.” Aspirasi: Jurnal Masalah-Masalah Sosial 9, no. 1 (2018): 63–82. https://doi.org/10.46807/aspirasi.v9i1.1148.

Fiqri, Achmad Ali. “Buntut Rendahkan Jilbab, Arya Wedakarna Dipecat dari DPD RI.” Sindo News, February 2, 2024. https://daerah.sindonews.com/read/1312915/174/buntut-rendahkan-jilbab-arya-wedakarna-dipecat-dari-dpd-ri-1706864554/5.

Gleason, Philip. Contending with Modernity: Catholic Higher Education in the Twentieth Century. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195098280.001.0001.

Grader, Christiaan Johan. “Verslag over Mohammedaansche Gemeenschappen Op Bali,” 1937.

Hadiono, Abdi Fauji, and Imam Sya’roni. “Faktor-faktor Penyebab Melakukan Tindakan (Konversi) Pindah Agama (Studi Kasus Pindah Agama di Desa Karadenan, Kecamatan Purwoharjo Kabupaten Banyuwangi).” Jurnal Darussalam: Jurnal Pendidikan, Komunikasi dan Pemikiran Hukum Islam 6, no. 2 (2015): 27–42. https://ejournal.iaida.ac.id/index.php/darussalam/article/view/63.

Halim, Abdul, and Arsyad Sobby Kesuma. “Study of Social Harmony Construction Between Hindu and Muslim Society.” Opción: Revista de Ciencias Humanas y Sociales 88 (2019): 82. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=8175512.

Harris, Anita. All About the Girl: Culture, Power, and Identity. Oxfordshire: Routledge, 2005.

Horii, Hoko. “Child Marriage as a ‘Solution’ to Modern Youth in Bali.” Progress in Development Studies 20, no. 4 (2020): 282–95. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464993420977793.

Howe, Leo. The Changing World of Bali: Religion, Society and Tourism. Oxfordshire: Routledge, 2006.

Ilahi, Andi Alfianto Anugrah, and Arifuddin Arifuddin. “Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan terhadap Kepuasan Nasabah Bank.” Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Amsir 1, no. 1 (2022): 25–37. https://journal.stieamsir.ac.id/index.php/abrj/article/view/123.

Inderasari, Annisa Puspita, Marselius Sampe Tondok, and Ananta Yudiarso. “Prejudice against Veiled Muslim Women: The Role of Right-Wing Authoritarianism and Intergroup Anxiety.” Psikohumaniora: Jurnal Penelitian Psikologi 6, no. 1 (2021): 33–46. https://doi.org/10.21580/pjpp.v6i1.7483.

Kavakci, Elif, and Camille R Kraeplin. “Religious Beings in Fashionable Bodies: The Online Identity Construction of Hijabi Social Media Personalities.” Media, Culture & Society 39, no. 6 (2017): 850–68. https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443716679031.

Korn, Victor Emanuel. “Het Adatrecht van Bali,” 1932.

Kramsch, Claire. “Language and Culture.” AILA Review 27 (2014): 30–55. https://doi.org/10.1075/aila.27.02kra.

Mulyadi, Mulyadi, and Mahmud Mahmud. “Konversi Agama.” Tarbiyah Al-Awlad: Jurnal Kependidikan Islam Tingkat Dasar 9, no. 1 (2019): 29–36. https://ejournal.uinib.ac.id/jurnal/index.php/alawlad/article/view/1618/.

Najtama, Fikria. “Religiusitas Dan Kehidupan Sosial Keagamaan.” Tasamuh: Jurnal Studi Islam 9, no. 2 (2018): 421–50. https://doi.org/10.32489/tasamuh.214.

Pennington, Rosemary. “Making Space in Social Media: #MuslimWomensDay in Twitter.” Journal of Communication Inquiry 42, no. 3 (2018): 199–217. https://doi.org/10.1177/0196859918768797.

Pennington, Rosemary, and Hilary E. Kahn. On Islam: Muslims and the Media. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2018.

Saluz, Claudia Nef. Islamic Pop Culture in Indonesia Is an Anthropological Field Study on Veiling Practices among Gadjah Mada University of Yogyakarta Students. Bern: Institut für Sozialanthropologie, 2007.

Satria, Lintar. “Tersangka Utama Serangan Teroris Paris 2015 Divonis Penjara Seumur Hidup.” Republika, June 30, 2022. https://internasional.republika.co.id/berita/re9oj5370/tersangka-utama-serangan-teroris-paris-2015-divonis-penjara-seumur-hidup.

Septiana, Hervina. “Berita Pelarangan Jilbab Siswi di Bali dalam Bingkai SKH Republika Edisi Januari-Juni 2014.” Undergraduate Thesis, UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, 2015.

Shofi, Muhammad Aminuddin. “Marriage and Religion: Dynamics of Religious Conversion in Marriage and The Advancement of Community Religious Life Perspective of Religious Psychology and Sociology (Study in Lumajang Regency).” Dialog 44, no. 1 (2021): 51–66. https://doi.org/10.47655/dialog.v44i1.422.

Smith-Hefner, Nancy J. “Javanese Women and the Veil in Post-Soeharto Indonesia.” The Journal of Asian Studies 66, no. 2 (2007): 389–420. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021911807000575.

Soesilowati, Endang Sri, and Chitra Indah Yuliana. “Komparasi Perilaku Konsumen Produk Halal di Area Mayoritas dan Minoritas Muslim.” Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan 21, no. 2 (2013): 49–60. https://jurnalekonomi.lipi.go.id/index.php/JEP/article/view/65.

Sumarsono, Sumarsono. Pemertahanan Bahasa Melayu Loloan di Bali. Jakarta: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, 1993.

Suryarandika, Rizki. “Senator Bali Permasalahkan Hijab, Ibu Iriana pun Pernah Berjilbab.” Republika, January 1, 2024. https://www.republika.id/posts/49360/senator-bali-permasalahkan-hijab-ibu-iriana-pun-pernah-berjilbab.

Sutopo, Oki Rahadianto, and Nanda Harda Pratama Meiji. “Transisi Pemuda dalam Masyarakat Risiko: Antara Aspirasi, Hambatan dan Ketidakpastian.” Jurnal Universitas Paramadina 11, no. 3 (2014): 1164–86.

Suwitha, I Putu Gede. Dari Dunia Maritim Hingga Masyarakat Urban di Bali dalam Kajian Sejarah. Edited by Slamat Trisila. Denpasar: Pustaka Larasan, 2019.

Syukri, Alfan. “Buntut Ucapan Arya Wedakarna Soal Hijab, Muhammadiyah Bali akan Laporkan Ke Polda Bali.” TVOne News, January 3, 2024. https://www.tvonenews.com/daerah/bali/178821-buntut-ucapan-arya-wedakarna-soal-hijab-muhammadiyah-bali-akan-laporkan-ke-polda-bali.

Waltorp, Karen. “Public/Private Negotiations in the Media Uses of Young Muslim Women in Copenhagen: Gendered Social Control and the Technology-Enabled Moral Laboratories of a Multicultural City.” International Communication Gazette 75, no. 5–6 (2013): 555–72. https://doi.org/10.1177/1748048513491912.

Wardekker, Willem L, and Siebren Miedema. “Identity, Cultural Change, and Religious Education.” British Journal of Religious Education 23, no. 2 (2001): 76–87. https://doi.org/10.1080/0141620010230202.

White, Rob, and Johanna Wyn. “Youth Agency and Social Context.” Journal of Sociology 34, no. 3 (1998): 314–27. https://doi.org/10.1177/144078339803400307.

Wieringa, Saskia E. “Gender Harmony and the Happy Family: Islam, Gender and Sexuality in Post-Reformasi Indonesia.” South East Asia Research 23, no. 1 (2015): 27–44. https://doi.org/10.5367/sear.2015.0244.

Williams, J. Patrick, and M. Nasir Kamaludeen. “Muslim Girl Culture and Social Control in Southeast Asia: Exploring the Hijabista and Hijabster Phenomena.” Crime, Media, Culture: An International Journal 13, no. 2 (2017): 199–216. https://doi.org/10.1177/1741659016687346.

Wyn, Johanna, and Dan Woodman. “Generation, Youth and Social Change in Australia.” Journal of Youth Studies 9, no. 5 (2006): 495–514. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676260600805713.

Downloads

Published

2025-10-31

Issue

Section

Articles

Similar Articles

1 2 3 4 5 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.