Analisis Kandungan Zat Gizi, Fenol, Flavonoid, Fitat, dan Tanin pada Sorgum (Sorgum bicolor (L.) Moench)

Adnan Nur Avif*  -  Program Studi Farmasi, Politeknik Indonusa Surakarta, Indonesia
Aptika Oktaviana Trisna Dewi  -  Program Studi Farmasi, Politeknik Indonusa Surakarta, Indonesia

(*) Corresponding Author

This research studied the nutrition, phenols, flavonoids, phytates, and tannins of kawali and bioguma sorghum. The samples were obtained from marketplaces harvested in East Nusa Tenggara. Analysis of nutrients in sorghum includes tests for water content (gravimetry), ash (ashing), fat (soxhlet), crude fiber (enzymatic), and protein (kjeldahl). The water content, protein, fat, ash, and crude fiber content in the Kawali variety was relatively higher than in the Bioguma variety. Still, the carbohydrate content (by difference) was lower, namely 72.92% and 77.47% for the Bioguma variety. Phytate content (403.95 vs. 105.59) mg/100g, phenolics (1519.88 vs. 591.76) mg/100g, tannins (611.50 vs. 155.35) mg/100g, and flavonoids (42.45 vs. 10.52) mg/100g in kawali sorghum are almost four times higher than the bioguma variety. Two varieties of sorghum have different appearances and nutritional contents. The Kawali variety of sorghum has higher phenol, flavonoid, tannin, and phytate content than the Bioguma variety.


Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kandungan zat gizi, fenol, flavonoid, fitat, dan tanin dari sorgum jenis kawali dan bioguma. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari lokapasar yang dipanen di Nusa Tenggara Timur. Analisis zat gizi dalam sorgum meliputi uji kadar air (gravimetri), abu (pengabuan), lemak (soxhlet), serat kasar (enzimatis), dan  protein (kjeldahl). Analisis komponen non gizi meliputi fitat, fenolik, tanin, dan flavonoid dengan metode spektrofotometri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kandungan air, protein, lemak, abu, dan serat kasar dalam varietas kawali relatif lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan varietas bioguma. Adapun kadar karbohidrat (by difference) lebih rendah yaitu sebesar 72,92% dan 77,47% untuk varietas Bioguma. Kadar senyawa fitat (403,95 vs 105,59) mg/100g, fenolik (1519,88 vs 591,76) mg/100g, tanin  (611,50 vs 155,35) mg/100g dan flavonoid (42,45 vs 10,52) mg/100g dalam sorgum kawali lebih tinggi hampir empat kali lipat dibanding varietas bioguma. Kedua varietas sorgum tersebut memiliki penampilan dan kandungan zat gizi yang berbeda. Sorgum varietas kawali memiliki kandungan fenol, flavonoid, tanin, dan fitat yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan varietas bioguma.




Keywords: phenols; phytates; flavonoids; sorgum; tannins; nutrition; fenol; fitat; flavonoid; sorgum; tanin; zat gizi

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