Rethinking Human Development: Contributions of Mahbub Ul Haq, Amartya Sen, and Umer Chapra to Conventional and Islamic Indices
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21580/economica.2022.13.2.13576Keywords:
Human Development Index, Islamic Human Development Index, Mahbub Ul Haq, Amartya Sen, Umer ChapraAbstract
Human development, as traditionally measured by the Human Development Index (HDI), focuses on key indicators such as life expectancy, education, and income. Developed through the contributions of Mahbub Ul Haq and Amartya Sen, the HDI aims to provide a comprehensive view of human well-being by assessing these core dimensions. However, the HDI has faced criticism, particularly for its limited scope in addressing the ethical and spiritual aspects of development. In response to these limitations, scholars like Umer Chapra have proposed alternative frameworks, including the Islamic Human Development Index (IHDI), which integrates aspects of maqasid al-shari'ah (objectives of Islamic law). This framework emphasizes five essential elements: religion, intellect, life, lineage, and wealth, aiming to align development with Islamic ethical values. While the IHDI offers an additional perspective on development by incorporating religious and ethical considerations, several studies have attempted to research IHDI implementations, and the process is still ongoing. Through a descriptive qualitative method, this study reflects the evolution of human development discourse. Over time, this discourse has expanded beyond material indicators to seek a more holistic construct of well-being, integrating ethical, spiritual, and social dimensions. By comparing these indices, the study highlights the ongoing efforts to develop frameworks that better capture the complexities of human flourishing and the multidimensional nature of well-being, and advocates for the adoption of more comprehensive indices that reflect both material and spiritual dimensions of human progress.Downloads
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