Parenting style and depression among students: The mediating role of self-esteem

Kholifatul Jannah*  -  Department of Family and Consumer Science, Faculty of Human Ecology, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor, Indonesia
Dwi Hastuti    -  Department of Family and Consumer Science, Faculty of Human Ecology, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor, Indonesia
Yulina Eva Riany    -  Department of Family and Consumer Science, Faculty of Human Ecology, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Indonesia; Parenting and Family Support Centre, School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD, Australia

(*) Corresponding Author
DOI: 10.21580/pjpp.v7i1.9885

Parenting style has been highlighted as one of the causes of depressive symptoms and also influences adolescent self-esteem. Although many studies have investigated the effect of self-esteem on depression, few have considered its role as a mediator variable. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the direct effect of parenting style on adolescent depression and its indirect effect on self-esteem. An online survey was completed voluntarily by 555 respondents from four senior high schools in Bekasi, Indonesia. The Patient Health Questionnaire, Parental Authority Questionnaire, Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, and Path-SPSS analysis were employed to prove the hypothesis. The results show a significant direct effect of parenting [authoritative (β = -.257, p < .01), authoritarian (β = .181, p < .01) and permissive (β = .109, p < .01)] on depression. In addition, there is an indirect effect of authoritative (β = -.182, p < .01) and authoritarian (β = .055, p < .01) parenting styles on depression as mediated by self-esteem. The study indicates the importance of positive parenting and the building of adolescents' self-esteem to avoid the risk of depression.

Keywords: adolescent; depression; mental health; parenting style; self-esteem

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