Potentials of Multicultural Education in Communal Conflict Areas

Syamsul Kurniawan; Muhammad Miftah

doi:10.21580/nw.2021.15.2.7218

PDF

Published: Sep 5, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21580/nw.2021.15.2.7218

Keywords:

communal conflict, stereotyping, multicultural education

Syamsul Kurniawan

Institut Agama Islam Negeri Pontianak

Muhammad Miftah

Institut Agama Islam Negeri Kudus

Abstract

This study focuses on understanding communal conflicts in Indonesia, which are triggered by stereotyping. Indonesians have undergone communal conflicts, especially in the late 1990s. The conflicts were mainly religious and ethnic, suggesting serious tensions in stereotyping between religious and ethnic groups. In this case, the paper seeks to underline the importance of multicultural education in the school context. Education is considered having a strategic role in building positive circumstances among people. Multicultural education is expected to minimize the possibility of building negative stereotyping of one person against another, which could cause conflict. This qualitative study incorporates a literature review of multicultural education and communal conflicts in the Indonesian context.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Issue

Vol. 15 No. 1 (2021)

Section

Articles

The copyright of the received article shall be assigned to the journal as the publisher of the journal. The intended copyright includes the right to publish the article in various forms (including reprints). The journal maintains the publishing rights to the published articles. Authors are allowed to use their articles for any legal purposes deemed necessary without written permission from the journal with an acknowledgment of initial publication to this journal.

The work under license Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

References

Al-Qadrie, Syarif Ibrahim. “Faktor-Faktor Penyebab Konflik-Konflik Komunal Saat Ini Di Indonesia: Identitas Dan Kesadaran Etnik, Serta Integrasi Ke Arah Disintegrasi Di Kalimantan Barat.” In Konflik Komunal Di Indonesia Saat Ini. Jakarta: INIS dan PBB UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2003.

Arifin, Zainal. “Pendidikan Multikultural-Religius Untuk Mewujudkan Karakter Peserta Didik Yang Humanis-Religius.” Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 1, no. 1 (2012): 89–104. https://doi.org/10.14421/jpi.2011.11.89-103.

Asmara, Uray Husna. “Tragedi Pertikaian Antar Etnik Melayu-Madura Di Kalbar.” In Laporan Penelitian. Konflik Dan Kedamaian Sosial Di Tanah Air. Jakarta: UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2000.

Banks, James A. “Multicultural Education: Historical Development, Dimensions, and Practice.” In Handbook of Research on Multicultural Education, edited by James A Banks and Cherry A.McGee Banks, 2nd ed. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 2004.

———, ed. Multicultural Education: Issues and Perspectives. 7th ed. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley, 2010.

Banks, James A, and Cherry A.McGee Banks, eds. “No Title.” In 2004. Handbook of Research on Multicultural Education, 2nd ed. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, n.d.

Bertrand, Jacques. Nationalism and Ethnic Conflict in Indonesia. Newyork: Cambridge University Press, 2004.

Brown, Patricia M, and John C Turner. “The Role of Theories in the Formation of Stereotype Content.” In Stereotypes as Explanation; the Formation of Meaningful Beliefs about Social Groups, edited by Craig McGarty, Vincent Yzerby, and Russell Spears. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.

Cahyono, Heru, ed. Konflik Kalbar Dan Kalteng; Jalan Panjang Meretas Perdamaian. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar bekerjasama dengan Pusat Penelitian Politik LIPI, 2008.

Denzin, Norman K, and Yvonna S Lincoln, eds. Handbook of Qualitative Research. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, 1994.

Giring. Madura Di Mata Dayak Dari Konflik Ke Rekonsiliasi. Yogyakarta: Galang Press, 2000.

Hariyanto, I, ed. Melangkah Dari Reruntuhan; Tragedi Situbondo. Jakarta: Grasindo, n.d.

Kapuscinski, Ryszard. The Other. London and New York: Verso, 2008.

Klinken, Gerry. Communal Violence and Democratization in Indonesia; Small Town Wars. London and New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 2007.

Kurniawan, Syamsul. “Konsep Dan Implementasi Pendidikan Karakter Di Lingkungan Keluarga, Sekolah Dan Masyarakat.” At-Turats 6, no. 1 (2012): 15–27.

———. Pendidikan Karakter: Konsepsi Dan Implementasinya Secara Terpadu Dalam Keluarga, Sekolah, Perguruan Tinggi Dan Masyarakat. Yogyakarta: Arruzz Media, 2013.

———. Pendidikan Karakter Di Sekolah: Revitalisasi Peran Sekolah Dalam Menyiapkan Generasi Bangsa Berkarakter. Yogyakarta: Samudra Biru, 2017.

Littlejohn, W.Stephen, and A.Karen Foss. Encyclopedia of Communication Theory. United States of America: SAGE Publications, Inc, 2009.

Locke, John. An Essay Concerning Human Understanding. United States: Pomona Press, 2007.

Mahfud, Choirul. Pendidikan Multikultural. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2006.

McGarty, Craig, Vincent Yzerby, and Russell Spears, eds. Stereotypes as Explanations: The Formation of Meaningful Beliefs about Social Groups. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.

Mead, George Herbert. Mind, Self, and Society: From the Standpoint of a Social Behaviorist. Edited by Charles W Morris. Vol. 1. Chicago: Works of George Herbert Mead, George Herbert Mead, 2000.

Nakaya, Ayami. “Overcoming Ethnic Conflict through Multicultural Education: The Case of West Kalimantan, Indonesia.” International Journal of Multicultural Education 20, no. 1 (2018): 118–37. https://doi.org/10.18251/ijme.v20i1.1549.

Nordholt, Henk Schulte, and Gerry Klinken, eds. “Politik Identitas Etnis Di Kalimantan Barat.” In Politik Lokal Di Indonesia. Jakarta: Buku Obor bekerjasama dengan KITLV-Jakarta, 2014.

Patebang, Edi, and Eri Sutrisno. Konflik Etnis Di Sambas. Jakarta: Institut Studi Arus Informasi, 2000.

Prawitasari, Melita. “Responding to Racial Discrimination in Indonesia Through Multicultural Education.” Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (ASSEHR 147 (2018): 206–8. https://doi.org/10.2991/icsse-17.2018.47.

Purdey, Jemma. Anti-Chinese Violence in Indonesia. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press in association with Asian Studies Association of Australia, 2006.

Saad, Munawar M. Sejarah Konflik Antar Suku Di Kabupaten Sambas. Pontianak: Kalimantan Persada Press, 2003.

Samovar, A.Larry, E.Richard Porter, and R.Edwin Mc Daniel. Communication Between Culture. Boston: Wadsworth, 2010.

Selenica, Ervjola. “Education for Whom? Engineering Multiculturalism and Liberal Peace in Post-Conflict Kosovo.” Southeast European and Black Sea Studies 18, no. 2 (2018): 239–59. https://doi.org/10.1080/14683857.2018.1474583.

Sihbudi, Riza, and dkk. Kerusuhan Sosial Di Indonesia: Studi Kasus Kupang. Mataram, Dan Sambas. Jakarta: Grasindo, 2001.

Spears, Russell. “Four Degrees of Stereotype Formation: Differentiation by Any Means Necessary.” In Stereotypes as Explanations: The Formation of Meaningful Beliefs about Social Groups, edited by Craig McGarty, Vincent Yzerby, and Russell Spears. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.

Tanasaldy, Taufiq. “Ethnic Geography in Conflicts: The Case of West Kalimantan, Indonesia.” Review of Indonesian and Malaysian Affairs 43, no. 2 (2009): 105–30.

Tilaar, H A R. Multikulturalisme : Tantangan-Tantangan Global Masa Depan Dalam Transformasi Pendidikan Nasional. Jakarta: Grasindo, 2004.

“Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 7 Tahun 2012 Tentang Penanganan Konflik Sosial,” n.d.

Wibowo, Agus. Pendidikan Karakter: Strategi Membangun Karakter Bangsa Berperadaban. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2012.

Yanuarti, Sri, and Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, eds. “No Title,” 2000.

Article Sidebar

Main Article Content

Abstract

Downloads

Article Details

References

Similar Articles