Kompetensi Digital Guru Sekolah Dasar di Kota Semarang: Analisis Multivariat

Hamidulloh Ibda*    -  Institut Islam Nahdlatul Ulama Temanggung, Indonesia, Indonesia

(*) Corresponding Author

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis keterampilan literasi digital guru Sekolah Dasar (SD). Metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan populasi 35 guru SD Kota Semarang yang dipilih secara random sampling. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner 25 komponen tentang keterampilan digital. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan MANOVA berbantuan aplikasi IBM SPSS versi 22. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan antara guru yang pernah mendapatkan pelatihan/ workshop pembelajaran digital/ TIK dengan yang belum mendapatkannya terhadap keterampilan teknis menggunakan teknologi digital, Sebaliknya, tidak terdapat perbedaan pada kompetensi digital guru pada aspek kemamapuan menggunakan dan menerapkan teknologi digital dalam situasi kerja berbeda dan pada aspek kemampuan mengevaluasi teknologi digital. Hasil uji MANOVA menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan antara guru sertifikasi maupun guru yang belum bersertifikasi ditinjau dari keterampilan teknis menggunakan teknologi digital, kemampuan menggunakan dan menerapkan teknologi digital dalam situasi kerja yang berbeda, kemampuan mengevaluasi teknologi digital secara kritis untuk masalah etika, keterbatasan, dan tantangannya, motivasi untuk berpartisipasi dan berkomitmen pada budaya digital. Penelitian berikutnya perlu mengekplorasi lebih dalam terkait kompetensi digital guru SD utamanya yang telah mendapatkan pelatihan dan sertifikasi pendidik.

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the digital literacy skills of elementary school teachers. Quantitative research method with a population of 35 elementary school teachers in Semarang City selected by random sampling. The research data were collected through a 25-component questionnaire on digital skills. The results showed a difference between teachers who had received training/ workshops on digital learning/ ICT and those who had yet to receive it on the technical skills of using digital technology. In contrast, teachers' digital competence was the same in the aspect of the ability to use and apply digital technology in different work situations and the ability to evaluate digital technology. The Manova test results show no difference between certified teachers and uncertified teachers in terms of technical skills using digital technology, the ability to use and apply digital technology in different work situations, the ability to critically evaluate digital technology for ethical issues, limitations, and challenges, motivation to participate and commit to digital culture. Future research needs to explore the digital competencies of primary school teachers, especially those who have received educator training and certification. 

Keywords: Digital Competence; Digital Literacy; Elementary School Teacher; Literasi Digital; Kompetensi Digital; Guru Sekolah Dasar

  1. Adel Ben Youssef, Mounir Dahmani, L. R. (2022). ICT Use, Digital Skills and Students’ Academic Performance: Exploring the Digital Divide. Information, 13(129), 1–19. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/info13030129
  2. Aditya Ebyatiswara Putra, Muhammad Taufiqur Rohman, Linawati Linawati, N. H. (2023). Pengaruh Literasi Digital terhadap Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru. Murhum : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.37985/murhum.v4i1.185
  3. Agus Taruno AD, Yasir Arafat, M. J. (2023). Kinerja Guru di SD Negeri Gugus 1, Kecamatan Lubuk Besar, Kabupaten Bangka Tengah: Pengaruh Kompetensi Guru Dan Sertifikasi Guru. Journal On Education, 6(1).
  4. Amin, J. N. (2016). Redefining the Role of Teachers in the Digital Era. The International Journal of Indian Psychology, 3(3). https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.25215/0303.101
  5. Andi Asari, Taufiq Kurniawan, Sokhibul Ansor, A. B. N. R. P. (2019). Kompetensi Literasi Digital bagi Guru dan Pelajar di Lingkungan Sekolah Kabupaten Malang. BIBLIOTIKA : Jurnal Kajian Perpustakaan Dan Informasi, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.17977/um008v3i22019p98-104
  6. Andi Ichsan Mahardika, Novan Alkaf Bahraini Saputra, Amirul Azis Ansari Muda, Ahmad Riduan, Nana Sophia Luzuardi, N. N. (2023). Pelatihan Pengembangan Evaluasi Pembelajaran Digital Menggunakan Quizizz bagi Guru di Kota Banjarmasin. Jurnal Abdimas Prakasa Dakara, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.37640/japd.v3i1.1540
  7. Asma Khaleel Abdallaha, M. B. M. (2021). Effects of teacher licensing on educators’ professionalism: UAE case in local perception. Heliyon, 7(11). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.heliyon.2021.e08348
  8. Astuti, M. (2021). Analisis Efektifitas Penyelenggaraan Pembelajaran Daring di Sekolah Dasar Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Journal of Integrated Elementary Education, 1(1), 41–49. https://doi.org/10.21580/jieed.v1i1.7224
  9. Bastian Vajen, Steve Kenner, F. R. (2023). Digital citizenship education – Teachers’ perspectives and practices in Germany and Hong Kong. Teaching and Teacher Education, 122(February). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2022.103972
  10. Batubara, H. H. (2017). Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK). Deepublish.
  11. Batubara, H. H. (2023). Pengembangan Model Buku Teks Digital pada Mata Kuliah Media Pembelajaran untuk Pendidikan Guru di Indonesia. UNIVERSITAS NEGERI JAKARTA.
  12. Casey Medlock Paul, Hiller Spires, S. K. (2017). Digital Literacy for the 21st Century in book Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology. IGI-Global. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7659-4.ch002
  13. Chaerunnisa, L. Y. (2022). Studi Kasus Pembelajaran Tematik Integratif Berbasis Gender di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. Journal of Integrated Elementary Education, 2(1), 18–28. https://doi.org/10.21580/jieed.v2i1.10854
  14. Cheng, Yung-hsun, C. W. (2017). Factors influence the digital media teaching of primary school teachers in a flipped class : a Taiwan case study. South African Journal of Education, 37(1). https://doi.org/hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC-5cdcb4d6d
  15. Deddy Sofyan, Endry Boerieswati, Moch. Asmawi, V. I. (2019). The Effect of Teacher Certification on Teaching Ability in Indonesian Language Subjects in Elementary Schools. Proceedings of the International Conference on Education, Language and Society (ICELS Proceedings of the International Conference on Education, Language and Society (ICELS 2019), 592–596. https://doi.org/10.5220/0009034205920596
  16. Dewi Ayu Wisnu Wardani, P. B. (2023). Analisis Kompetensi guru di abad 21. Widya Aksara : Jurnal Agama Hindu, 28(1). https://doi.org/10.54714/widyaaksara.v28i1.211
  17. Dindin Abdul Muiz Lidinillah, Babang Robandi, Wahyudin, D. (2021). Elementary teachers’s readiness to implement online learning during the covid-19 pandemic. Premiere Educandum, 11(2), 172 – 190. https://doi.org/http://doi.org/10.25273/pe.v11i2.9607
  18. Donald Boyd, Daniel Goldhaber, Hamilton Lankford, J. W. (2007). The Effect of Certification and Preparation on Teacher Quality. SPRING, 17(1), 45–68.
  19. Dwi Ardiansyah, S. T. (2022). Peningkatan Kompetensi Digital Guru Dalam Mewujudkan Inovasi Pembelajaran di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0. Inspirasi Manajemen Pendidikan, 10(4). https://doi.org/https://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/inspirasi-manajemen-pendidikan/article/view/50558
  20. Ekene Francis Okagbue, Ujunwa Perpetua Ezeachikulo, Ilokanulo Samuel Nchekwubemchukwu, Ilodibe Emeka Chidiebere, Obisoanya Kosiso, Cheick Amadou Tidiane Ouattaraa, E. O. N. (2023). The effects of Covid-19 pandemic on the education system in Nigeria: The role of competency-based education. International Journal of Educational Research Open, 4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2022.100219
  21. Eneng Yuliana, Sri Dewi Nirmala, L. S. A. (2023). Pengaruh Literasi Digital Guru dan Lingkungan Belajar terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Basicedu, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.31004/basicedu.v7i1.4196
  22. Fanreza, R. (2018). The Quality of Teachers in Digital Era. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 231(Amca), 461–463. https://doi.org/10.2991/amca-18.2018.128
  23. Farid Ahmadi, Ibda, H. (2021). Education Design and Virtual Learning Technology. UK-Indonesian Scholars Network (UKISN). https://doi.org/https://www.waterstones.com/book/education-design-and-virtual-learning-technology/farid-ahmadi/9781838176747
  24. Farida Nur Kumala*, Cicilia Ika Rahayu Nita, Arnelia Dwi Yasa, Anik Ghufron, Pratiwi Pujiastuti, C. P. R. (2020). Digital Literacy Analysis of Elementary-School Students in Malang. Conference: 2nd Annual Conference on Social Science and Humanities (ANCOSH 2020), 126–130. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210413.030
  25. Francisco Javier Robles Moral, M. F. D. (2021). Future Primary School Teachers’ Digital Competence in Teaching Science through the Use of Social Media. Sustainability, 13(2816), 1–13. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/su13052816
  26. Hamidulloh Ibda, Ibnu Syamsi, Rukiyati, R. (2023). Professional elementary teachers in the digital era: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v12i1.23565
  27. Hendrikus Antonius Lakapung, Ruminah Goru, M. E. Perseveranda, A. H. K. (2023). Dampak Sertifikasi Guru, Supervisi Pengawas, dan Budaya Sekolah terhadap Kinerja Guru (Suatu Kajian Studi Literatur Manajemen Pendidikan). Jurnal Ekonomi Manajemen Sistem Informasi (JEMSI), 4(5). https://doi.org/10.31933/jemsi.v4i5.1535
  28. Hidayat Aziz, A. (2021). Menyusun Instrumen Penelitian & Uji Validitas-Reliabilitas. Health Books Publishing.
  29. Hidayat, N. (2020). The Impact of Certification on Increasing Teacher Competence and Student Learning Achievement in SD Negeri Semarang City. Lontar Magazine Scientific Journal, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.26877/ltr.v33i3.11207
  30. Ibda, Hamidulloh, Wijayanti, D. M. (2017). Siapkah Saya Menjadi Guru SD Revolusioner? Kalam Nusantara.
  31. Ibda, H. (2019). Guru Dilarang Mengajar!: Refleksi Kritis Paradigma Didik, Paradigma Ajar, dan Paradigma Belajar. CV. Asna Pustaka.
  32. İsa Erbas, Ramadan Çipuri, A. J. (2021). The Impact of Technology on Teaching and Teaching English to Elementary School Students. Linguistics and Culture Review, 5(53), 1316–1336. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21744/lingcure.v5nS3.1815
  33. Isha DeCoito, L. K. B. (2023). Fostering an Entrepreneurial Mindset Through Project-Based Learning and Digital Technologies in STEM Teacher Education. In Enhancing Entrepreneurial Mindsets Through STEM Education (pp. 195–222). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17816-0_9
  34. Joko Minardi, A. S. A. (2020). Interactive Learning Media Development Training with Power Point to Improve Elementary Teacher Competence. E-Dimas (Educations-Community Service), 11(1). https://doi.org/10.26877/e-dimas.v11i1.2747
  35. Ketia Kellen Araújo Da Silva, Behar, P. A. (2020). Digital Competences for Online Students. In Online Teaching and Learning in Higher Education (pp. 3–22). https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48190-2_1
  36. Kiryakova, G. (2022). Engaging Learning Content for Digital Learners. TEM Journal, 11(4), 1958–1964. https://doi.org/10.18421/TEM114-65
  37. Krumsvik, R. J. (2014). Teacher educators’ digital competence. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 58(3), 269–280. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/00313831.2012.726273
  38. L. Ilomaki, S. Paavola, M. Lakkala, & A. K. (2016). Digital competence—An emergent boundary concept for policy and educational research. Education and Information Technologies, 21, 655–679. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-014-9346-4
  39. Linda Castañeda, D. V.-O. (2023). Beyond functionality: Building critical digital teaching competence among future primary education teachers. Contemporary Educational Technology, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/12599
  40. Lorenia Cantú-Ballesteros, Maricela Urías-Murrieta, Sebastián Figueroa-Rodríguez, G. M. S.-L. (2017). Teacher‘s Digital Skills in Relation to Their Age, Gender, Time of Usage and Training with a Tablet. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 5(5), 46–57. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.11114/jets.v5i5.2311
  41. Miftahul Jannah, Lantip Diat Prasojo, A. J. (2020). Elementary School Teachers’ Perceptions of Digital Technology Based Learning in the 21st Century: Promoting Digital Technology as the Proponent Learning Tools. Al Ibtida Jurnal Pendidikan Guru MI, 7(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.24235/al.ibtida.snj.v7i1.6088
  42. Mohammad Yusuf Randy, P. S. C. (2021). Elementary School Teacher Challenges in Using Learning Media During Online Learning. Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Technology and Education (ICITE 2021), 160–164. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.211210.027
  43. Muhamad Afandi, S. W. (2018). Analysis of Educational Teacher Competence in Elementary School in Banyumanik City Education UPTD Semarang. Elementary, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.21043/elementary.v6i1.3997
  44. Nguyen, L. A. T., & Habók, A. (2023). Tools for assessing teacher digital literacy: a review. In Journal of Computers in Education. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40692-022-00257-5
  45. Phuapan, P. (2015). Elements of Digital Literacy Skill. DRLE2015.
  46. Piatip Phuapan, Chantana-Viriyavejakul, P. P. (2015). Elements of digital literacy skill: A conceptual analysis. Asian International Journal of Social Sciences, 15(4), 88–99. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.29139/aijss.20150406
  47. Prayogi, R. D., & Estetika, R. (2019). Kecakapan Abad 21: Kompetensi Digital Pendidik Masa Depan. Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan, 14(2), 144–151.
  48. Rizal Kailani, Rudi Susilana, R. (2021). Digital Literacy Curriculum in Elementary School. Teknodika, 19(2), 90–102. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.20961/teknodika.v19i2.51784
  49. Rune Krumsvik, L. J. (2013). Teachers’ Digital Competence in Upper Secondary School: (Work In Progress). ICICTE 2013 Proceedings, 171–183.
  50. Sambo Lyson Zulu, Ali M. Saad, B. G. (2023). Individual Characteristics as Enablers of Construction Employees’ Digital Literacy: An Exploration of Leaders’ Opinions. Sustainability, 15(2), 1531. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021531
  51. Samsiyah, N., & Fajar, A. (2021). Pengaruh Multimedia Interaktif Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar. Journal of Integrated Elementary Education, 1(1), 24–30. https://doi.org/10.21580/jieed.v1i1.7607
  52. Sitompul, B. (2022). Kompetensi Guru dalam Pembelajaran Di Era Digital. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 6(3), 13953–13960. https://doi.org/10.31004/jptam.v6i3.4823
  53. Sugiyono. (2019). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan (Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, Kombinasi, R&B Dan Penelitian Pendidikan) (April). Alfabeta.
  54. Tharamma George T, S. J. (2020). Teacher in a Digital Era - Changing Role and Competencies. IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS), 25(2), 62–64. https://doi.org/10.9790/0837-2502116264
  55. Unesco. (2018). UNESCO ICT Competency Framework for Teachers. In OER Commons UNESCO. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.
  56. Victoria I. Marín, L. C. ̃ eda. (2023). Developing Digital Literacy for Teaching and Learning. In Handbook of Open, Distance and Digital Education. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2080-6_64#DOI
  57. Yung-Tze Chen, Min-Ju Liu, Y.-Y. C. (2023). Discovering Scientific Creativity with Digital Storytelling. Journal of Creativity, 33(1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yjoc.2022.100041

Open Access Copyright (c) 2023 Hamidulloh Ibda
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Lisensi Creative Commons

All contents published in the Journal of Integrated Elementary Education are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

apps