Women's education in West Nusa Tenggara: an exploration of educational materials and gender equality

Muhammad Muhammad*  -  Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram, Indonesia
Nurhilaliati Nurhilaliati  -  Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram, Indonesia

(*) Corresponding Author

Women's education within families plays a crucial role in shaping the perception of the ideal woman in society. This study explores female education within the Sasak, Samawa and Mbojo (Sasambo) tribes in West Nusa Tenggara. A descriptive qualitative approach using phenomenology is used in the research. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentary studies that involved cultural/community leaders and several female community members aged at least 18 years. The results of this study indicate that the educational materials in the three tribes reveal the significant impact of local culture in determining the educational methodology employed. Though each tribe's education features varying elements, they all express cultural, traditional, and religious values in their approach. However, in terms of gender equality and equity, several noteworthy limitations to women's education were revealed in these three tribes. These encompass customary expectations linked to women, societal restrictions that curtail women's autonomy and liberty, and gender responsibilities that do not grant equitable options for women. To address these challenges, the research proposes various actions, including fostering educational programmes that enhance the empowerment of women, encouraging more flexible sharing of roles, respecting women's educational and career choices, and educating on gender equality and justice.

Keywords: Women's education; Educational materials; Gender equality; Traditional and religious values; Sasak, Samawa, and Mbojo Tribes

  1. Asyari, H. (2021). The Role of “Bale Langgak” in the Implementation of Socio-Cultural Values in Sasak Community. 598–601. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210525.157
  2. Bloom, B. S., Krathwohl, D. R., & Masia, B. B. (1956). Taxonomy of Educational Objectives: The Classification of Educational Goals (Handbook 1, Cognitive Domain). David McKay Company.
  3. Candra, P. H. (2019). Kritik Feminisme Postkolonial untuk Membongkar Kultur Patriarki dalam Budaya Manggarai. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Kebudayaan Missio, 11(1), Article 1.
  4. Davies, S. G. (2007). Challenging Gender Norms: Five Genders among Bugis in Indonesia, Case Studies in Cultural Anthropology. Thomson Wadsworth.
  5. Engineer, A. A. (1990). Islam and Liberation Theology: Essays on Liberative Elements in Islam. Sterling Publishers Limited.
  6. Fadli, A. (2018). PENDIDIKAN KELUARGA BERBASIS GENDER PERSPEKTIF PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM. Jurnal Keislaman, 1(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.54298/jk.v1i1.3345
  7. Fatimah, S. (2012). Gender dalam Komunitas Masyarakat Minangkabau; Teori, Praktek dan Ruang Lingkup Kajian. Kafa`ah: Journal of Gender Studies, 2(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.15548/jk.v2i1.53
  8. Hare-Mustin, R. T., & Marecek, J. (1988). The meaning of difference: Gender theory, postmodernism, and psychology. American Psychologist, 43(6), 455–464. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.43.6.455
  9. Hermawati, T. (2007). Budaya Jawa dan Kesetaraan Gender. Jurnal Komunikasi Massa Vol 1 No 1 2007, 1(1), 18–24.
  10. Hirschmann, N. J. (2008). Gender, Class, and Freedom in Modern Political Theory. Princeton University Press.
  11. Kementerian PPPA RI. (2017, June 9). Mencapai Kesetaraan Gender dan Memberdayakan Kaum Perempuan. Kementerian Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Perlindungan Anak Republik Indonesia. https://www.kemenpppa.go.id/index.php/page/read/31/1439/mencapai-kesetaraan-gender-dan-memberdayakan-kaum-perempuan
  12. Kementerian PPPA RI. (2018, February 23). Kesetaraan Gender: Perlu Sinergi Antar Kementerian/Lembaga, Pemerintah Daerah, dan Masyarakat. Kementerian Pemberdayaan Perempuan Dan Perlindungan Anak Republik Indonesia. https://www.kemenpppa.go.id/index.php/page/read/31/1667/kesetaraan-gender-perlu-sinergi-antar-kementerian-lembaga-pemerintah-daerah-dan-masyarakat
  13. Khaerani, S. N. (2017). Kesetaraan dan Ketidakadilan Gender dalam Bidang Ekonomi pada Masyarakat Tradisional Sasak di Desa Bayan Kecamatan Bayan Kabupaten Lombok Utara. QAWWAM, 11(1), 59–76. https://doi.org/10.20414/qawwam.v11i1.723
  14. Klingorová, K., & Havlíček, T. (2015). Religion and Gender Inequality: The status of women in the societies of world religions. Moravian Geographical Reports, 23(2), 2–11. https://doi.org/10.1515/mgr-2015-0006
  15. Nuraeni, Y., & Suryono, I. L. (2021). Analisis Kesetaraan Gender dalam Bidang Ketenagakerjaan Di Indonesia. Nakhoda: Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan, 20(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.35967/njip.v20i1.134
  16. Nurhilaliati, N. (2017). Kepemimpinan Perempuan dan Edupreneurship di Pondok Pesantren Al-Kautsar Ranggo Pajo Dompu. QAWWAM, 11(1), 35–48. https://doi.org/10.20414/qawwam.v11i1.717
  17. Nursaptini, N., Sobri, M., Sutisna, D., Syazali, M., & Widodo, A. (2019). Budaya Patriarki dan Akses Perempuan dalam Pendidikan. Al-MAIYYAH : Media Transformasi Gender dalam Paradigma Sosial Keagamaan, 12(2), 16–26. https://doi.org/10.35905/almaiyyah.v12i2.698
  18. Pahlevi, R., & Rahim, R. A. A. (2023). Faktor Pendukung dan Tantangan Menuju Kesetaraan Gender. Jurnal Iman Dan Spiritualitas, 3(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.15575/jis.v3i2.26766
  19. Probosiwi, R. (2015). Perempuan dan Perannya dalam Pembangunan Kesejahteraan Sosial (Women and Its Role on Social Welfare Development). Natapraja, 3(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.21831/jnp.v3i1.11957
  20. Rahman, M. (2015). Pendidikan Keluarga Berbasis Gender. Jurnal Musawa, 7(2), 234–255.
  21. Rohendi, L., & Shamsu, L. S. binti H. (2023). Gender dalam Pendidikan Islam: Perspektif Fatima Mernissi. Jurnal Iman Dan Spiritualitas, 3(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.15575/jis.v3i2.27788
  22. Schimmel, A. (2003). My Soul Is a Woman: The Feminine in Islam. Continuum.
  23. Smith, D. E., Collins, P. H., & Chodorow, N. (2010). Feminist and Gender Theories. In S. Appelrouth & L. D. Edles, Sociological Theory in the Conemporary Era: Text and Readings (pp. 312–380). SAGE Publications. Sagepub.Com/Sites/Default/Files/Upm-Binaries/38628_7.Pdf
  24. Sofiani, I. K., & Mufika, T. (2020). Bias Gender dalam Pola Asuh Orangtua pada Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 4(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v4i2.300
  25. Soro, S. (2022). Value Education in the Form of Bima Dompu Community Respectness. Edukasi Islami: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 10(02), Article 02. https://doi.org/10.30868/ei.v10i02.1826
  26. Sulistyowati, Y. (2021). KESETARAAN GENDER DALAM LINGKUP PENDIDIKAN DAN TATA SOSIAL. IJouGS: Indonesian Journal of Gender Studies, 1(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.21154/ijougs.v1i2.2317
  27. Takunas, R. (2018). DINAMIKA PENDIDIKAN PEREMPUAN DALAM SEJARAH ISLAM. Musawa: Journal for Gender Studies, 10(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.24239/msw.v10i1.386
  28. Umar, N. (2001). Argumen Kesetaraan Jender Perspektif al-Qur’an. Paramadina.
  29. Wardatun, A. (2009). Kompromi dan Interseksionalitas Gender dalam Pemberian Mahar: Tradisi Ampa Coi Ndai pada Suku Mbojo. Ulumuna, 13(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v13i1.378
  30. Wirata, I. W. (2015). Perempuan dalam Naskah Sasak. Jumantara: Jurnal Manuskrip Nusantara, 6(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.37014/jumantara.v6i1.317

Open Access Copyright (c) 2023 Nadwa: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

 INDEXED BY

Journal Terindex di CrossrefJournal Terindex di LeidenJournal Terindex di MorarefJournal Terindex di Google ScholarJournal Terindex di GarudaJournal Terindex di Base

View My Stats
apps